Β-Pinene

Sources

Many plants from many botanical families contain the compound, including:

• Cuminum cyminum
• Humulus lupulus
• Pinus pinaster
• Clausena anisata
• Cannabis sativa
• Piper nigrum
• Myristica fragans .
• Citrus aurantiifolia
• Pistacia lentiscus The clear compound is produced by distillation of turpentine oils.

Uses

β-Pinene is usedin the production of other aroma compounds. It converts to myrcene upon heating at 500 °C. Nerol is obtained by careful fractional distillation of crude nerol from myrcene).

Reaction with formaldehyde (Prins reaction) converts β-pinene to nopol. When nopol is acetylated, the result is nopyl acetate, which is used as fragrance material.

References

References

1. "β-Pinene". [[National Institute of Standards and Technology]].
2. "(−)-β-Pinene". [[Sigma-Aldrich]].
3. Charles S. Sell. (2013). "Kirk-Othmer Chemical Technology of Cosmetics". John Wiley & Sons.
4. Geron, C., et al. (2000). [https://archive.today/20131111093356/http://hero.epa.gov/index.cfm?action=reference.details&reference_id=19095 A review and synthesis of monoterpene speciation from forests in the United States.] ''Atmospheric Environment'' 34(11), 1761-81.
5. (2011). "Peculiarities of β-pinene autoxidation". ChemSusChem.
6. (2004). "Chemical composition of the essential oil of ''Cuminum'' cyminum L. From China". Flavour and Fragrance Journal.
7. (2009). "Ultrasonic nebulization extraction coupled with headspace single drop microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for analysis of the essential oil in Cuminum cyminum L". Analytica Chimica Acta.
8. Tinseth, G. [http://morebeer.com/brewingtechniques/library/backissues/issue2.1/tinseth.html The Essential Oil of Hops: Hop Aroma and Flavor in Hops and Beer.] {{Webarchive. link. (2013-11-11 ''Brewing Techniques'' January/February 1994. Accessed July 21, 2010.)
9. Hillig, Karl W. (October 2004). "A chemotaxonomic analysis of terpenoid variation in Cannabis". Biochemical Systematics and Ecology.
10. Santana de Oliveira, Mozaniel. (2022). "Essential oils: applications and trends in food science and technology". Springer.
11. (2016). "Common fragrance and flavor materials: preparation, properties and uses". Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.
12. Opdyke, D. L. J.. (2013-10-22). "Monographs on Fragrance Raw Materials: A Collection of Monographs Originally Appearing in Food and Cosmetics Toxicology". Elsevier.
13. Mattiello, Joseph J.. (1945). "Protective and Decorative Coatings". U.S. Government Printing Office.
14. Opdyke, D. L. J.. (2013-10-22). "Monographs on Fragrance Raw Materials: A Collection of Monographs Originally Appearing in Food and Cosmetics Toxicology". Elsevier.