Adèle Haenel

Early life

Haenel was born on 11 February 1989 in Paris. Her mother is a teacher and her father a translator. She grew up in Montreuil, Seine-Saint-Denis, in what she has called "a very left-wing, artistic neighborhood". She has Austrian heritage through her father and speaks fluent German. Haenel started acting at age 5 and was involved in local theatre. As a child, she mimicked cartoon characters, particularly those of Tex Avery.

Haenel studied economics and social sciences at the Lycée Montaigne. She had planned to attend HEC Paris and took a preparatory course, but failed the entrance exam. She also pursued studies in physics and marine biology.

Career

Haenel made her film debut in 2002 at age 12, playing an autistic girl in Christophe Ruggia's film Les Diables. She had been chosen for the lead role after accompanying her brother to the audition. After Les Diables, Haenel took a five-year break from acting. For her role in the film, Haenel was nominated for the César Award for Most Promising Actress in 2008. In 2012, she was nominated in the same category for House of Tolerance (2011), a period film directed by Bertrand Bonello, in which she played a prostitute at an upscale Parisian brothel at the turn of the 20th century. She also received the Lumière Award for Most Promising Actress along with her co-stars Céline Sallette and Alice Barnole.

Haenel played one of the two sisters in Katell Quillévéré's Suzanne (2013), In 2014, Haenel starred in the Thomas Cailley romantic comedy Love at First Fight as Madeleine, a graduate-school dropout and survivalist. The same year, Haenel co-starred with Catherine Deneuve in André Téchiné's crime drama In the Name of My Daughter, playing the daughter of a casino owner. Writing for The Village Voice, Melissa Anderson compared her performance to Isabelle Adjani in the 1970s and '80s, and declared her a worthy successor to Deneuve in French cinema. For her roles in both films, Hanael received a Best Actress nomination at the 20th Lumière Awards.

In 2016, Haenel made her German-language debut in the film The Bloom of Yesterday playing the French descendant of German Holocaust survivors.

In the 2017 Robin Campillo film BPM (Beats per Minute), Haenel portrayed Sophie, a headstrong HIV/AIDS activist of the Paris chapter of ACT UP.

Haenel starred in the 2018 Pierre Salvadori crime comedy The Trouble with You, playing a widowed detective based on the French Riviera. David Rooney of The Hollywood Reporter said her performance evoked the "classic screwball heroine", a departure from her more serious roles, and complimented the "grace and buoyancy" she brought to the character. She was again nominated for the César Award for Best Actress.

In 2019, Haenel appeared in three films that played at the Cannes Film Festival: Quentin Dupieux's Deerskin, Aude Léa Rapin's Heroes Don't Die, and Sciamma's Portrait of a Lady on Fire. In Portrait of a Lady on Fire, Haenel portrayed Héloïse, a young aristocrat in 18th-century Brittany who is to be married off to a nobleman from Milan. *The New Yorker'''s Richard Brody noted her chemistry with co-star Noémie Merlant and called the two "relentlessly graceful, endowed with physical aplomb, contemplative insight, and strong emotion". A. O. Scott of The New York Times considered Haenel's performance worthy of an Oscar nomination for Best Actress, and Bilge Ebiri of *Vulture'' described the climax of the film (which features Haenel) as "one of the finest pieces of acting and one of the most moving images I've seen in eons." Haenel was nominated for the César Award for Best Actress for her performance, her seventh César nomination.

Since 2019, Haenel and co-star Ruth Vega Fernandez have prepared to perform director adaptation of Robert Walser's L'Etang (The Pond) for theatres in France and Switzerland. After performances were repeatedly delayed or canceled by restrictions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic, the play premiered at the Théâtre Vidy-Lausanne in Switzerland in May 2021.

Retirement from the film industry

In May 2022, during an interview for German magazine FAQ, Haenel said that she was stepping away from film acting as "I tried to change something from within. [...] I don't want to be part of that anymore”. She said the industry defended "a capitalist, patriarchal, racist, sexist world of structural inequality. This means that this industry works hand in hand with the global economic order, in which all lives are not equal". Haenel's last project was to be The Empire, written and directed by Bruno Dumont, but she explained that she left the film as "it was a dark, sexist and racist world that was defended. The script was full of jokes about cancel culture and sexual violence. I tried to discuss it with Dumont, because I thought a dialogue was possible. I wanted to believe for the umpteenth time that it was not intentional. But it's intentional. [...] Just as they make fun of the victims, of people in a situation of weakness. The intention was to make a sci-fi film with an all-white cast – and therefore a racist narrative. I didn't want to support this." Haenel said she was focused on theatre.

In May 2023, Haenel announced her retirement from the film industry in a letter published in French magazine Télérama, citing "complacency" over those accused of being sexual predators, including Gérard Depardieu, Roman Polanski and . She has since appeared in experimental theatre.

Political stance

Since retiring from acting, Haenel has been mostly known for her far-left, socialist, feminist, LGBT+, and anti-racist political positions, as well as her involvement in social justice causes. She believes that discrimination is intertwined with the framework of bourgeois and patriarchal systems, leading to gender violence, gender discrimination, and racism, especially in the academic and artistic fields she has distanced herself from. Haenel advocates an alternative model in theater creation and is dedicated to opposing gender violence and sexual assault against women and young girls. She connects these issues to the fundamental concerns of Marxist radical feminism and actively participates in discussions on police violence, anti-colonialism, environmentalism, and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

During the 2022 French presidential election, Haenel publicly supported the socialist party "Permanent Revolution" and participated in the campaign of the party's candidate, Anasse Kazib, who failed to obtain enough nominations to qualify for the election. Subsequently, she attended several meetings of the party. In May 2022, she declared herself a supporter of anti-capitalism: initially focusing on feminist issues, she views these systems as interconnected, as "liberation cannot be achieved within the framework of capitalism."

In September 2025, Haenel announced that she would join the Global Sumud Flotilla from Tunis to the Gaza Strip, with aim of delivering food and medicine to Gaza. Haenel also denounced the ongoing famine which she claimed was perpetrated by Israel, and emphasised what she characterized as the need to act "peacefully to open a humanitarian corridor and break the illegal blockade imposed by the Israeli state on Gaza".

Personal life

In 2014, Haenel came out as a lesbian during her César award acceptance speech and acknowledged her relationship with director Céline Sciamma, whom she met in 2007 on the set of Water Lilies. The couple amicably split in 2018, before they began work on Portrait of a Lady on Fire. Haenel and Sciamma have remained close.

Haenel identifies as a feminist. and was the first prominent actress to speak publicly about abuse in the French film industry. In a November 2019 Mediapart interview, Haenel accused director Christophe Ruggia of sexually harassing her from the time she was 12 to 15 after casting her in his film Les Diables. Following the experience, she considered abandoning acting altogether. As a result, Ruggia was expelled from the Société des réalisateurs de films, the French directors' guild. Though Haenel deliberately chose not to go to the police with her accusations, citing the justice system as "usually condemning so few sexual offenders" and "only one rape out of a hundred" and saying, "the justice ignores us, we ignore the justice", the publicity her interviews brought to the abuse led the Paris prosecutor's office to announce it was investigating Ruggia. Haenel later changed her mind about working with the police and officially filed a complaint against Ruggia in November 2019. In January 2020, the police charged Ruggia with sexual aggression against a minor by a person of authority and sexual harassment. In February 2025, Ruggia was convicted of sexually assaulting Haenel as a minor and sentenced to two years in prison suspended; he was also required to wear an electronic monitor for two years of house arrest.

On 28 February 2020, Haenel, Céline Sciamma, Noémie Merlant, and Aïssa Maïga walked out of the 45th César Awards ceremony after Roman Polanski, who was convicted of raping thirteen-year old Samantha Geimer in 1977, won the award for Best Director for his film An Officer and a Spy. As Haenel left, she waved her fist and shouted "La honte!" ("Shame!"), and after exiting the auditorium, she was filmed clapping sarcastically and shouting "Bravo la pédophilie!" ("Bravo, paedophilia!").

Filmography

Theatre

Bibliography

Essays

• {{Cite book |editor-last1= Dorlin |editor-first1= Elsa
• {{Cite book |editor-last1= Le Taillandier |editor-first1= Agathe

Awards and nominations

References

References

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