Surf Wiki
Save to docs
general/anilines

From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base

4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)

| NFPA-H = 2 | NFPA-F = 1 | NFPA-R = 0

4,4′-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) (also known as MOCA, MBOCA, and bisamine) is a substance used as a curing agent in polyurethane production. MOCA is an aromatic amine which is structurally similar to benzidine, a known human bladder carcinogen. MOCA has been shown to cause hepatomas in mice and rats, lung and mammary carcinomas in rats and bladder cancer in dogs. It is a proven human carcinogen standing on the WHO List of IARC Group 1 carcinogens, with a current threshold limit value of 0.01 ppm in the industrial atmosphere. Animal studies have resulted in tumor growth in the liver, lung, and bladder.

It is a weak base with a slight odor and is reactive to active metals such as sodium, potassium, magnesium and zinc.

Toxicity

Employee exposure is often monitored by measurement of urinary MOCA in free and/or conjugated form. This is the best currently available indicator of MOCA absorption, which is estimated by spot measurement of concentration in urine, creatinine-corrected. Urine concentration is a proxy variable - the measurement is of unmetabolised MOCA - and creatinine-correction affects accuracy. Dose-response curves are also lacking. But despite such limitations the method is a reasonable means of monitoring the effectiveness of engineering controls, personal protective equipment and work practices including education. MOCA levels are usually higher at the end of the shift and reflect exposure over the preceding two to three days. The biological half-life of MOCA in urine is approximately 23 hours.

Regulation

In December 2023, the US EPA announced that it was prioritizing MBOCA "for risk evaluation under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)" along with four other toxic chemicals.

References

References

  1. "4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)". TCI Chemicals.
  2. {{PGCH. 0411
  3. [http://nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb/documents/fs/1250.pdf RTK HSFS 1250]
  4. [https://web.archive.org/web/20040224185448/http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/healthguidelines/4-4-methylenebis-2-chloroaniline/index.html 4,4'-Methylene bis (2-chloroaniline) Health Guideline], [[Occupational Safety and Health Administration]]
  5. (December 14, 2023). "EPA Begins Process to Prioritize Five Chemicals for Risk Evaluation Under Toxic Substances Control Act". US EPA.
Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

anilines chloroarenes iarc-group-1-carcinogens
Want to explore this topic further?

Ask Mako anything about 4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.

Research with Mako

Free with your Surf account

Content sourced from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.

Report