1993–94 Australian region cyclone season

Seasonal Summary

ImageSize = width:800 height:200 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:20 left:20 Legend = columns:3 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/12/1993 till:31/05/1994 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/12/1993 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:GP value:red id:TL value:rgb(0.43,0.76,0.92) legend:Tropical_Low_=_ id:C1 value:rgb(0.3,1,1) legend:Category_1_=63–88_km/h(39-55_mph) id:C2 value:rgb(0.75,1,0.75) legend:Category_2_=89–117_km/h(55-73_mph) id:C3 value:rgb(1,0.85,0.55) legend:Category_3_=118–159_km/h(73-99_mph) id:C4 value:rgb(1,0.45,0.54) legend:Category_4_=160–199_km/h(99-124_mph) id:C5 value:rgb(0.55,0.46,0.9) legend:Category_5_=≥200_km/h(≥124_mph)

Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas

BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:Month

PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:11 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:15/12/1993 till:18/12/1993 color:C3 text:"Naomi (C3)" from:28/12/1993 till:05/01/1994 color:C1 text:"Oscar (C1)" from:29/12/1993 till:04/01/1994 color:C5 text: barset:break barset:skip barset:skip from:11/01/1994 till:21/01/1994 color:C5 text:"Rewa (C5)" from:10/01/1994 till:18/01/1994 color:C3 text:"Pearl (C3)" from:22/01/1994 till:29/01/1994 color:C3 text:"Quenton (C3)" from:29/01/1994 till:31/01/1994 color:C1 text:"Sadie (C1)" barset:break from:22/02/1994 till:26/02/1994 color:C5 text:"Theodore (C5)" from:12/03/1994 till:19/03/1994 color:C4 text:"Sharon (C4)" from:29/03/1994 till:01/04/1994 color:C1 text:"Tim (C1)" from:06/04/1994 till:11/04/1994 color:C3 text:"Vivienne (C3)" from:23/04/1994 till:24/04/1994 color:TL text:"29P (TL)" from:27/04/1994 till:30/04/1994 color:C1 text:"Willy (C1)"

bar:Month width:6 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:01/12/1993 till:31/12/1993 text:December from:01/01/1994 till:31/01/1994 text:January from:01/02/1994 till:28/02/1994 text:February from:01/03/1994 till:31/03/1994 text:March from:01/04/1994 till:30/04/1994 text:April from:01/05/1994 till:31/05/1994 text:May

TextData = pos:(569,23) text:"(For further details, please see" pos:(713,23) text:"scales)"

Systems

Severe Tropical Cyclone Naomi

|10-min winds=80 |1-min winds=55

Naomi was the first cyclone of the 1993/94 season. Forming early on 15 December 1993, the storm moved south and strengthened into a Category 3 before making landfall. There was moderate damage and a fishing boat was disabled during the storm. There were no deaths.

Tropical Cyclone Oscar

|10-min winds=35 |1-min winds=40 Cyclone Oscar was a weak system, and only barely reached cyclone strength on 3 January 1994 for about a 12-hour period. It moved on a generally west-southwest course parallel to the Kimberley and Pilbara coasts.

Severe Tropical Cyclone Rewa

(Out of basin from 4-10 January) |10-min winds=110 |1-min winds=125 Main article: Cyclone Rewa

Cyclone Rewa formed on 26 December 1993. It looped around the Coral Sea for almost a month, crossed New Caledonia and the Solomon Island, and dissipated on 21 January. Rewa was the longest-lived South Pacific tropical cyclone on record, lasting 25 days, from 26 December to 21 January.

Severe Tropical Cyclone Pearl-Farah

|10-min winds=85 |1-min winds=95

On 11 January, a tropical low formed northwest of Broome, Western Australia. It was named Pearl a few hours later by the Bureau of Meteorology. The cyclone continued westward and reached a peak intensity of 155 km/h (100 mph). As the system moved west of 90°E, MFR took over warning responsibility on 18 January and renamed the cyclone Farah. At that time, MFR estimated winds of about 120 km/h (75 mph). After having moved westward due to a ridge to the south, Farah turned to the south upon entering the basin due to an approaching trough, which previously absorbed Edmea. High wind shear caused rapid weakening, and by 19 January, there was little remaining convection. The next day, Farah weakened to tropical depression status and turned to the southeast. The ridge built behind the trough, causing the depression to stall and drift northward, and by 22 February, Farah dissipated.

Severe Tropical Cyclone Quenton

|10-min winds=80 |1-min winds=75 Tropical Cyclone Quenton began as a tropical low to the east of Christmas Island on 22 January 1994. The low moved slowly west, then on 25 January intensified to cyclone strength and moved southward across the Indian Ocean. By early on the 29th the cyclone had dissipated.

Tropical Cyclone Sadie

|10-min winds=45 |1-min winds=35

During 29 January, the BoM reported that a tropical low had developed within the monsoon trough, to the north of the Gove Peninsula in the Northern Territory. During that day the low rapidly developed further as it moved south-eastwards, before early on 29 January the BoM's TCWC Darwin reported that the low had developed into a category 1 tropical cyclone and named it Sadie as the system started to move southwards. Later that day the JTWC initiated advisories on Cyclone Sadie and designated it as Tropical Cyclone 14P, while the system started to move towards the east and was near its peak 1-minute maximum sustained windspeeds of 85 km/h (50 mph). Early the next day Cyclone Sadie made landfall to the north of near Normanton, after the BoM had reported that the system had peaked with 10-minute maximum sustained winds of 85 km/h (50 mph). After making landfall, the system moved towards the south-southeast before weakening and degenerating into a tropical low/rain depression later that day.

Severe Tropical Cyclone Theodore

|10-min winds=115 |1-min winds=115 Severe Tropical Cyclone Theodore formed from a tropical low located over the northern Solomon Islands on 22 February. The low began to intensify, reaching cyclone intensity at 1800 UTC on 23 February. Theodore continued to intensify rapidly while moving in a southerly direction. By 24 February, Theodore's central pressure was at 945 hPa, and recurved to the east-southeast. By 25 February, the storm reached its peak intensity, with a minimum atmospheric pressure of 910 hPa. Theodore's pressure increased to 935 hPa while rapidly moving southeast on 26 February. The storm eventually passed between New Caledonia and the Loyalty group of islands. Eventually, the cyclone had lost its tropical characteristics, eventually dissipating over the open seas as it moved eastward on 2 March.

The Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea experienced high rainfall and flooding in Theodore's early stages. Rossel and Sudest Islands in Papua New Guinea saw damage. Homes, schools, and crops were destroyed. New Caledonia experienced gale-force winds.

Severe Tropical Cyclone Sharon

|10-min winds=105 |1-min winds=110 Tropical Cyclone Sharon was the most intense cyclone in the Western Australian region during the 1993/94 season. It formed about 1100 km north of Northwest Cape on 12 March 1994, then rapidly intensified during the 14th while moving on a south-southwest path towards the west Pilbara coast. During the 16th the cyclone rapidly weakened due to movement into a region of strong westerly wind shear. Cyclone warnings were issued for the west Pilbara and upper west coast on the 16th but were cancelled on the morning of the 17th Continued shearing and subsequent movement over cooler waters weakened the storm to below cyclone strength by the morning of the 18th.

Tropical Cyclone Tim

|10-min winds=35 |1-min winds=40 Tropical Cyclone Tim was a very small weak system that moved on a generally westward path from south of Sumatra to the Cocos Islands from 28 March to 3 April 1994. It passed about 100 km to the south of Christmas Island but its effects, other than a wind shift, were barely recognizable on the Island.

Severe Tropical Cyclone Vivienne

|10-min winds=85 |1-min winds=70 Tropical Cyclone Vivienne formed from a tropical low that had moved westward across the Timor Sea. It intensified rapidly during the afternoon and night of 5 April 1994, reaching maximum intensity on 8 April when it was located 550 km to the north-northwest of Broome. Its development from here on was hampered by vertical wind shear and Vivienne moved on a generally west-southwest path parallel to, but well offshore from, the Western Australian coastline. It dissipated on 13 April and no watches or warnings were issued.

Tropical Depression 29P

(Out of basin from 24-25 April) |1-min winds=30

On 20 April, the JTWC started to monitor an area of low pressure that located over the Solomon Islands about 155 km to the north of Honiara. During that day the disturbance moved towards the southeast and passed over several of the Solomon Islands, before emerging into the Australian basin. Over the next couple of days the disturbance gradually developed further while moving towards the southwest before re-curving and moving southeastwards. On 24 April, as it moved back into the South Pacific basin, the JTWC initiated advisories on the disturbance, designating it as Tropical Cyclone 29P, with peak windspeeds equivalent to a tropical depression. As the system was classified, it recurved again and started to move slowly towards the northwest, and started to feel the effects of a high amount of vertical windshear. As a result of the windshear, the center became exposed and displaced from the deep convection before the JTWC issued their final advisory on 25 April as 29P weakened into an area of low pressure, before dissipating later that day about 600 km to the southwest of Honiara.

Tropical Cyclone Willy

|10-min winds=50 |1-min winds=40 Willy was a Category 1 cyclone lasting from 26 April to 1 May 1994 that passed about 80 km west of the Cocos Islands.

Other systems

During 23 March, a weak tropical low developed within the South Pacific Convergence Zone near Papua New Guinea's Louisiade Archipelago, within an area of favourable surface and upper air conditions for further development. Over the next day the system moved eastwards and gradually developed further, before TCWC Port Moresby reported that the system had developed into a category 1 tropical cyclone on the Australian scale and named it Usha during the next day before it moved into the South Pacific tropical cyclone basin.

Storm names

TCWC Perth

• Naomi
• Oscar
• Pearl
• Quenton
• Sharon
• Tim
• Vivienne
• Willy

TCWC Brisbane

• Sadie
• Theodore

Season effects

|- | Naomi || 14 – 18 December || bgcolor=#|Category 3 severe tropical cyclone || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Western Australia || || || |- | Oscar || || bgcolor=#|Category 1 tropical cyclone || bgcolor=#|35 kn || bgcolor=#|995 hPa || Northern Territory, Western Australia || || || |- | Rewa || || bgcolor=#|Category 5 severe tropical cyclone || bgcolor=#|110 kn || bgcolor=#|920 hPa || Melanesia, Eastern Australia, New Zealand || || 22 || |- | Pearl-Farah || || bgcolor=#|Category 3 severe tropical cyclone || bgcolor=#||| bgcolor=#| || Western Australia || || || |- | Quenton || || bgcolor=#|Category 3 severe tropical cyclone || bgcolor=#||| bgcolor=#| || None || || || |- | Sadie || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#|45 kn || bgcolor=#|990 hPa || Cape York || || || |- | Unnamed || || bgcolor=#|Tropical Low || bgcolor=#|20-30 kn || bgcolor=#|985 hPa || Western Australia || || || |- | Theodore || || bgcolor=#|Category 5 severe tropical cyclone || bgcolor=#||| bgcolor=#|910 hPa || Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands New Caledonia || Unknown || 1 || |- | Sharon || || bgcolor=#|Category 4 severe tropical cyclone || bgcolor=#||| bgcolor=#|930 hPa || Western Australia || || || |- | Usha || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#|995 hPa || Solomon Islands || -- |- | Tim || || bgcolor=#|Category 1 tropical cyclone || bgcolor=#|35 kn || bgcolor=#|995 hPa || None || || || |- | Vivienne || || bgcolor=#|Category 3 severe tropical cyclone || bgcolor=#||| bgcolor=#|955 hPa || None || || || |- | 29P || || bgcolor=#|Tropical Depression || bgcolor=#||| bgcolor=#| || Solomon Islands || || || |- | Willy || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#|50 kn || bgcolor=#|985 hPa || Cocos Islands || || || |-

References

References

1. [http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/history/naomi.shtml Cyclones. Naomi]
2. "Tropical Cyclone Oscar". Bureau of Meteorology.
3. "Severe Tropical Cyclone Pearl". Bureau of Meteorology.
4. Guy Le Goff. (1994). "1993-1994 Cyclone Season in the South-West Indian Ocean". [[Météo-France]].
5. Kenneth R. Knapp. (2010). "1994 Farah:Pearl:Pearl_Farah (1994010S17124)". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society.
6. [http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/history/wa/1994.shtml Cyclones 1994]
7. (2 June 1996). "The South Pacific and Southeast Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclone Season 1993–94". Australian Bureau of Meteorology.
8. Queensland Regional Office. (February 1994). "Coastal Rivers Flood, Northern Queensland February 1994". Australian Bureau of Meteorology.
9. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. (1995). "1994 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report". United States Navy, United States Air Force.
10. ["1994 Tropical Cyclone Sadie (1994028S11136)"]({{IBTRACS url). International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship.
11. "Tropical Cyclone Theodore".
12. Unattributed. (2001-05-21). "Tropical Cyclone 29P Best Track Analysis". United States Navy.
13. Roth, David. (1994-04-12). "Weekly Tropical Cyclone Summary #140 (April 3 – 10, 1994)".
14. Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Detachment. (21 May 1996). "Tropical Cyclone Usha, 22-29 March, 1994". Indiana University.
15. "Tropical Cyclone Oscar". Australian Bureau of Meteorology.
16. "Tropical Cyclone Sadie". Australian Bureau of Meteorology.
17. ["1994 Tropical Cyclone Sadie (1994028S11136)"]({{IBTRACS url). International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship.
18. "Western Australia Tropical Cyclone Season Summary 1993-94". Australian Bureau of Meteorology.
19. ["1994 Tropical Cyclone Willy (1994116S05095)"]({{IBTRACS url). International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship.