Xavier Debray
American brigadier general and diplomat
title: "Xavier Debray" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["1818-births", "1895-deaths", "people-from-épinal", "confederate-states-army-brigadier-generals", "people-of-texas-in-the-american-civil-war", "french-emigrants-to-the-united-states"] description: "American brigadier general and diplomat" topic_path: "people/1810s" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xavier_Debray" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary American brigadier general and diplomat ::
::data[format=table title="Infobox military person"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | Xavier Blanchard Debray |
| birth_date | |
| death_date | |
| image | Xavier Debray.png |
| caption | Debray circa 1864 |
| birth_place | Épinal, France |
| death_place | Austin, Texas |
| placeofburial_label | Place of burial |
| allegiance | France |
| CSA Confederate States of America | |
| branch | |
| rank | [[File:Confederate States of America General-collar.svg |
| battles | American Civil War |
|name= Xavier Blanchard Debray |birth_date= |death_date= |image= Xavier Debray.png |caption=Debray circa 1864 |nickname= |birth_place= Épinal, France |death_place= Austin, Texas |placeofburial= |placeofburial_label= Place of burial |allegiance= France CSA Confederate States of America |branch= |serviceyears= |rank= [[File:Confederate States of America General-collar.svg|35px]] Brigadier General (CSA) |unit= |commands= |battles= American Civil War
- Battle of Mansfield
- Battle of Pleasant Hill |awards= |relations= |laterwork= Xavier Blanchard Debray (January 25, 1818 – January 6, 1895) was an American soldier and diplomat. During the American Civil War Debray raised a Confederate cavalry regiment from Bexar County, Texas and was appointed brigadier general before the war's end.
Early life
Xavier Debray was born in or near Épinal, France, as Xavier Blanchard, the son of Nicolas Blanchard and Catherine Benezech. He is said to have attended the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr Debray worked in the French diplomatic service before immigrating to the United States in 1848 under something of a cloud in disagreement with the French Government. After serving in the U.S. Army's 2nd Dragoons, he settled in Texas and became a naturalized citizen in 1855. Debray published a Spanish language newspaper in San Antonio in the years before the American Civil War, opening a thriving academy and providing translations for the General Land Office.
Military career
At war's outbreak Debray became an aide-de-camp to Texas governor Edward Clark as a major in the 2nd Texas Infantry Regiment. Debray raised a cavalry unit from Bexar County, was elected commander of Debray's Texas Cavalry Battalion, and was commissioned colonel on December 5, 1861. He led the unit which became the 26th Texas Cavalry at the Battle of Galveston Bay in 1862 and later during the Red River Campaign serving with distinction at the Battles of Mansfield and Pleasant Hill. Becoming commander of his Cavalry brigade he was later appointed Brigadier General by Kirby Smith for his service in that campaign. With the end of the Civil War, his promotion was never confirmed by the Confederate States Senate.
After the Confederate surrender, Debray lived in Houston and Galveston. Eventually, Debray moved to the state's capitol and resumed translating Spanish, French and English language documents for the Texas General Land Office. Debray died in Austin January 6, 1895, and is buried in the state cemetery there.
Notes
References
- Allardice, Bruce S., More Generals in Grey, Louisiana State University Press, 1995, .
- Bailey, Anne J. DeBray, Xavier Blanchard in Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved May 20, 2014.
- Boatner, Mark Mayo, III. The Civil War Dictionary. New York: McKay, 1988. . First published 1959 by McKay.
- Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. .
- Sifakis, Stewart. Who Was Who in the Civil War. New York: Facts On File, 1988. .
References
- Bailey, Anne J. [http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fde02 DeBray, Xavier Blanchard] in ''Handbook of Texas Online''. Retrieved May 20, 2014. However, St. Cyr told historian Bruce Allardice that they had no record of Debray's attending.
- Allardice, Bruce S., ''More Generals in Grey'', Louisiana State University Press, 1995, {{ISBN. 0-8071-3148-2. He enlisted in New York City in 1848, and was discharged in 1853.
- [[Mark M. Boatner III. Boatner, Mark Mayo, III]]. ''The Civil War Dictionary.'' New York: McKay, 1988. {{ISBN. 978-0-8129-1726-0. First published 1959 by McKay. P. 229.
::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::