Xanthene

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Chemical compound used to make dyes

title: "Xanthene" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["dyes", "fungicides", "xanthenes"] description: "Chemical compound used to make dyes" topic_path: "general/dyes" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthene" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Chemical compound used to make dyes ::

| Verifiedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 412200450 | ImageFile = Xanthen.svg | ImageSize = | ImageAlt = Skeletal formula | ImageFile1 = Xanthene-3D-balls.png | ImageSize1 = 220 | ImageAlt1 = Ball-and-stick model | PIN = 9H-Xanthene | OtherNames = Dibenzo[a,e]pyran 10H-9-Oxaanthracene |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | Abbreviations = | CASNo = 92-83-1 | CASNo_Ref = | Beilstein = 133939 | ChEBI_Ref = | ChEBI = 10057 | ChEMBL_Ref = | ChEMBL = 486760 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = | ChemSpiderID = 6840 | EINECS = 202-194-4 | Gmelin = 83576 | KEGG_Ref = | KEGG = C01464 | PubChem = 7107 | RTECS = | MeSHName = | UNII_Ref = | UNII = A762Z8101Y | InChI = 1/C13H10O/c1-3-7-12-10(5-1)9-11-6-2-4-8-13(11)14-12/h1-8H,9H2 | InChIKey = GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYAO | StdInChI_Ref = | StdInChI = 1S/C13H10O/c1-3-7-12-10(5-1)9-11-6-2-4-8-13(11)14-12/h1-8H,9H2 | StdInChIKey_Ref = | StdInChIKey = GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N | SMILES = O1c2ccccc2Cc3ccccc31 |Section2={{Chembox Properties | C=13 | H=10 | O=1 | Appearance = Yellow solid | Density = | MeltingPtC = 101 to 102 | MeltingPt_ref = | BoilingPtC = 310 to 312 | BoilingPt_ref = | Solubility = | SolubleOther = | Solvent = | pKa = | pKb = }} |Section6={{Chembox Pharmacology | ATCCode_prefix = | ATCCode_suffix = | ATC_Supplemental = |Section7={{Chembox Hazards | MainHazards = | NFPA-H = | NFPA-F = | NFPA-R = | NFPA-S = | Hazards_ref= | GHSPictograms = | GHSSignalWord = Warning | HPhrases = | PPhrases = | FlashPt = | AutoignitionPt = | ExploLimits = | PEL = Xanthene (9H-xanthene, 10H-9-oxaanthracene) is the organic compound with the formula CH2[C6H4]2O. It is a yellow solid that is soluble in common organic solvents. Xanthene itself is an obscure compound, but many of its derivatives are useful dyes.

Xanthene dyes

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Rhodamine_skeleton.svg" caption="[[Rhodamine]]s are commercial dyes with xanthene cores."] ::

Dyes that contain a xanthene core include bikaverin, fluorescein, eosins, and rhodamines. Xanthene dyes tend to be fluorescent, yellow to pink to bluish red, brilliant dyes. Many xanthene dyes can be prepared by condensation of derivates of phthalic anhydride with derivates of resorcinol or 3-aminophenol.

References

References

  1. [[International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry]]. (2014). "Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013". [[Royal Society of Chemistry.
  2. [http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/x201 Xanthene] at [[Sigma-Aldrich]]
  3. "Xanthene 99%". Sigma Aldrich.
  4. (2000). "Triarylmethane and Diarylmethane Dyes".

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