Xainza County
title: "Xainza County" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["xainza-county", "counties-of-nagqu"] topic_path: "general/xainza-county" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xainza_County" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | Xainza County |
| other_name | Shantsa, Shentsa |
| native_name | |
| settlement_type | County |
| total_type | |
| image_map | Location of Xainza within Xizang (China).png |
| map_caption | Location of Xainza County within Tibet |
| pushpin_map | Tibet#China |
| pushpin_map_caption | Location in Tibet |
| subdivision_type | Country |
| subdivision_name | China |
| subdivision_type1 | Autonomous region |
| subdivision_name1 | Tibet |
| subdivision_type2 | Prefecture-level city |
| subdivision_name2 | Nagqu |
| seat_type | County seat |
| seat | Xainza (Naktsang) |
| area_total_km2 | 25546 |
| population_as_of | 2020 |
| population_footnotes | |
| population_total | 21768 |
| population_density_km2 | auto |
| timezone | China Standard |
| utc_offset | +8 |
| coor_type | |
| coordinates | |
| website | |
| :: |
|name =Xainza County |official_name = |other_name = Shantsa, Shentsa |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type =County |total_type = |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_map =Location of Xainza within Xizang (China).png |mapsize = |map_caption =Location of Xainza County within Tibet |pushpin_map = Tibet#China |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Tibet |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = China |subdivision_type1 = Autonomous region |subdivision_name1 = Tibet |subdivision_type2 = Prefecture-level city |subdivision_name2 = Nagqu |seat_type = County seat |seat =Xainza (Naktsang) |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_total_km2 = 25546 |elevation_m = |population_as_of = 2020 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 21768 |population_density_km2 = auto |timezone = China Standard |utc_offset = +8 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = | coor_type = |coordinates = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |website = |footnotes = |s=申扎县 |t=申扎縣 |p=Shēnzhā Xiàn |tib=ཤན་རྩ་རྫོང་། |wylie=shan rtsa rdzong |zwpy=Xainza Zong}} Xainza County, also Shantsa, Shentsa, (; ) is a county within Nagqu of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. In 1999 the county had a population of 16,190.
Geography
The capital lies at Naktsang Town or Xainza. The county covers an area of 25546 km2. Until recent times the County extended all the way from the borders of Xinjiang in the north to the Yarlung Tsangpo River in the south, covering a larger area than the United Kingdom. It has since been split into two, Shentsa (Xainza) County and the new Nyima County to the east. ::quote "In this region there are 67 lakes, including some of Tibet's largest: Serling, Dangra Yutso, Ngangtse-tso, Kering-tso, Taktse-tse and Uru-tso. In the northeast there are a number of 6,000 m peaks including Purok Gangri 6482 m and Norla Gangri 6136 m, not to mention the Kunlun mountains on the Xinjiang border further north. The entire northern region forms part of the Jangtang Nature Reserve. Ten large salt fields testify to the importance of this region for the traditional trading commodity of the Jangtang Plateau." ::
Lakes in close proximity to the main town are Geren Lake, Mujiu Lake, Anzi Lake, Guomang Lake, Cuo'e and Ziguii Lake, Wuru Lake, Siling Lake and Bangecuo. With an area of 1865 km2, Siling Lake is the second largest saltwater lake in the northern Tibetan Plateau and forms part of the Siling Co National Nature Reserve (also Selincuo Reserve or Xainza Nature Reserve). The 400000 ha reserve was established in 1993 and contains significant populations of black-necked cranes and some 120 species of birds in total. Tibetan sheep, wild donkey, argali, snow leopards, bar-headed goose, etc., also inhabit the county.
NH-45-4 Panko China.jpg| NH-45-8 Shenchatsung China.jpg|
Climate
Xainza has a dry-winter subalpine climate (Köppen Dwc), bordering on alpine (ETH). The climate of the county is typical of a plateau climate zone, featuring thin, cold and dry air, with 279.1 mornings of frost per year on average. The average annual wind speed is 3.8 m/s, the average annual temperature is 0.4 C, and the average annual precipitation is 298.6 mm.
|metric first=y |single line=y |collapsed = Y |location = Xainza, elevation 4672 m, (1991–2020 normals) |Jan high C = -2.0 |Feb high C = -0.4 |Mar high C = 3.0 |Apr high C = 6.7 |May high C = 11.3 |Jun high C = 15.9 |Jul high C = 16.4 |Aug high C = 15.5 |Sep high C = 13.7 |Oct high C = 8.1 |Nov high C = 2.8 |Dec high C = -0.2 |Jan mean C = -9.4 |Feb mean C = -7.6 |Mar mean C = -4.1 |Apr mean C = -0.1 |May mean C = 4.5 |Jun mean C = 9.0 |Jul mean C = 10.2 |Aug mean C = 9.5 |Sep mean C = 7.4 |Oct mean C = 1.1 |Nov mean C = -4.6 |Dec mean C = -7.8 |Jan low C = -16.3 |Feb low C = -14.5 |Mar low C = -10.9 |Apr low C = -6.2 |May low C = -1.5 |Jun low C = 3.2 |Jul low C = 5.3 |Aug low C = 4.8 |Sep low C = 2.3 |Oct low C = -4.7 |Nov low C = -11.2 |Dec low C = -14.8 |Jan record high C = 12.5 |Feb record high C = 11.0 |Mar record high C = 15.4 |Apr record high C = 22.9 |May record high C = 25.7 |Jun record high C = 31.0 |Jul record high C = 25.0 |Aug record high C = 28.0 |Sep record high C = 26.0 |Oct record high C = 21.0 |Nov record high C = 17.8 |Dec record high C = 11.5 |year record high C = |Jan record low C = -30.9 |Feb record low C = -28.5 |Mar record low C = -23.0 |Apr record low C = -18.8 |May record low C = -17.0 |Jun record low C = -8.1 |Jul record low C = -7.0 |Aug record low C = -4.0 |Sep record low C = -11.0 |Oct record low C = -16.9 |Nov record low C = -23.4 |Dec record low C = -30.0 |year record low C = |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 1.4 |Feb precipitation mm = 1.2 |Mar precipitation mm = 2.3 |Apr precipitation mm = 6.6 |May precipitation mm = 20.5 |Jun precipitation mm = 54.2 |Jul precipitation mm = 97.1 |Aug precipitation mm = 102.6 |Sep precipitation mm = 47.9 |Oct precipitation mm = 7.9 |Nov precipitation mm = 1.7 |Dec precipitation mm = 1.2 |unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm |Jan precipitation days = 2.3 |Feb precipitation days = 2.2 |Mar precipitation days = 2.6 |Apr precipitation days = 5.0 |May precipitation days = 9.2 |Jun precipitation days = 14.9 |Jul precipitation days = 20.5 |Aug precipitation days = 21.4 |Sep precipitation days = 14.8 |Oct precipitation days = 3.9 |Nov precipitation days = 1.4 |Dec precipitation days = 1.2 |year precipitation days = |Jan humidity = 31 |Feb humidity = 29 |Mar humidity = 30 |Apr humidity = 37 |May humidity = 44 |Jun humidity = 52 |Jul humidity = 61 |Aug humidity = 64 |Sep humidity = 59 |Oct humidity = 41 |Nov humidity = 34 |Dec humidity = 29 |Jan sun = 223.9 |Feb sun = 216.9 |Mar sun = 255.2 |Apr sun = 261.6 |May sun = 282.0 |Jun sun = 255.6 |Jul sun = 227.4 |Aug sun = 213.9 |Sep sun = 242.3 |Oct sun = 274.1 |Nov sun = 248.5 |Dec sun = 236.1 |year sun = | Jan percentsun = 69 | Feb percentsun = 69 | Mar percentsun = 68 | Apr percentsun = 67 | May percentsun = 66 | Jun percentsun = 60 | Jul percentsun = 53 | Aug percentsun = 53 | Sep percentsun = 66 | Oct percentsun = 79 | Nov percentsun = 79 | Dec percentsun = 75 | year percentsun = |Jan snow days = 3.9 |Feb snow days = 4.4 |Mar snow days = 5.6 |Apr snow days = 8.6 |May snow days = 12.7 |Jun snow days = 5.5 |Jul snow days = 0.7 |Aug snow days = 0.9 |Sep snow days = 5.2 |Oct snow days = 5.1 |Nov snow days = 2.5 |Dec snow days = 2.7 |year snow days = |source 1 = China Meteorological Administration |source 2 = Météo Climat
Geology
The county has been geologically well assessed in publications. Xainza contains an Ordovician to Silurian stratigraphic succession and the area is part of the Xainza-Jiali Fault Zone. Significant Triassic clastic deposits with gypsum beds and volcanic clastics have been found between Xainza and Coqên. Early Devonian (Pragian-Emsian) rocks in Xainza County are said to "yield a shallow-marine, carbonate-platform fauna of corals, brachiopods, dacryoconarids, nautiloids and conodonts."
Lakes
Economy
Animal husbandry is the chief source of income in the county. Jiagang Hydropower Station was built in the 1990s and as of 2008 serves about 20,000 nomadic households across the county. Gold mining in the county has reportedly affected water quality and some area of grassland. An alluvial gold mine which generated "5 million yuan (US$617,300) of the county's 8.5-million budgetary income" was slated to be shut down in 2005.{{Cite news| title = Tibet tries its best to stay a clean land | work = Asia Africa Intelligence Wire | access-date = 2012-04-07 | date = 2005-09-14 | url = http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-136193670/tibet-tries-its-best.html
Administrative divisions
The county contains 2 towns and 6 townships.
::quote "The county capital of Shentsa is located at Naktsang (Shentsa), 805 km from Lumaringpo in Gertse county, and 232 km from Palgon. However, due to the vastness of this region, there is a third administrative centre at Tsonyi (Twin Lakes) in the north. Naktsang (Shentsa) to Tsonyi is 442 km." ::
::data[format=table]
| Name | Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibetan | Wylie |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Towns | ||||
| Xainza Town | ||||
| (Shantsa, Naktsang) | 申扎镇 | zh | bo | |
| Xungmai Town | 雄梅镇 | zh | bo | |
| Townships | ||||
| Zhago Township | 下过乡 | zh | bo | |
| Khyak Township | 卡乡 | zh | bo | |
| Patra Township | 巴扎乡 | zh | bo | |
| Tarma Township | 塔尔玛乡 | zh | bo | |
| Mepa Township | 买巴乡 | zh | bo | |
| Mar'yo Township | 马跃乡 | zh | bo | |
| :: |
References
Citations
Sources
- Dorje, Gyurme. (2009) Footprint Tibet Handbook. 4th Edition. Bath, U.K.
References
- (2021-07-09). "那曲市第七次全国人口普查主要数据公报". Statistics Bureau of Nagqu.
- Dorje (2009), pp. 396-397
- Dorje (2009), p. 396.
- "Maps". [[Google Maps]].
- (2000). "Mountain geoecology and sustainable development of the Tibetan Plateau". Springer.
- 安才旦. (1 January 2003). "Tibet China: Travel Guide". 五洲传播出版社.
- link. [[Hudong]] Encyclopedia
- link. [[China Meteorological Administration]]
- "Weather extremes for Xainza". Météo Climat.
- (1 May 2010). "The Ordovician Earth System". Geological Society of America.
- Shen, Xianjie. (December 1996). "Crust-Mantle Thermal Structure and Tectonothermal Evolution of the Tibetan Plateau". VSP.
- Guangzhi Tu. (1986). "Advances in science of China: Earth sciences". Science Press.
- (1987). "Oceanic Abstracts". Cambridge Scientific Abstracts.
- United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. (1994). "Daily report: People's Republic of China". Distributed by National Technical Information Service.
- "Qinghai-Tibet Railway Enhances the Development of Tibet". Tibet Magazine.
- British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service. (2000). "Summary of world broadcasts: Asia, Pacific". British Broadcasting Corporation.
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