Warfalla

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Arab tribe in Libya

title: "Warfalla" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["tribes-of-libya"] description: "Arab tribe in Libya" topic_path: "general/tribes-of-libya" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warfalla" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Arab tribe in Libya ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox tribe"]

FieldValue
nameWarfalla
ورفلة
ethnicityArabs
demonymAl-Warfalli
languageArabic
religionSunni Islam
locationEastern Tripolitania, Libya
population1,000,000
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| name = Warfalla ورفلة | ethnicity = Arabs | demonym = Al-Warfalli | branches = | language = Arabic | religion = Sunni Islam | surnames = | location = Eastern Tripolitania, Libya | population = 1,000,000

Warfalla () is a tribal confederation of Arab origin that resides in Tripolitania, western Libya, mainly in their stronghold of Bani Walid. Warfalla historically inhabited the area bounded by the cities of Bani Walid and Sirte, as well as the town of Sabha. The Warfalla tribe, along with the Qadhadhfa and Magarha, were the backbone of Muammar Gaddafi's regime. The Warfalla tribe is considered a confederacy of 52 sub-tribes that consist of individual bayts or clans. Warfalla is estimated to be Libya's largest tribe with approximately one million members.

Origin

The Warfalla tribal confederation chiefly consists of Arab Bedouin tribes descended from Banu Hilal. Arab tribes have then joined the tribal confederation in a sort of tribal brotherhood (muwakhah), until 52 sub-tribes emerged, establishing the tribal confederation of Warfalla.

History

Italian colonization

Main article: Italian invasion of Libya, Italian Tripolitania

During the Italian invasion of Libya in 1911, the Warfalla tribe, under the leadership of 'Abd al-Nabi Bel Khayre, fought against the invaders until the fall of Bani Walid, the Warfalla tribe's territory in December 1923. The Warfalla remained neutral under Bel Khayre's leadership during the war against the Italians. It was until the Italians reached the Warfalla that they fought the Italians. In 1915, the shaykhs of Warfalla wrote a letter to the British consul in Tripoli, stating their opinion towards the Italian colonial state: ::quote

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Rival of 'Abd al-Nabi from the Misurata tribe, Ramadan, began to collect taxes from around the Warfalla, which 'Abd al-Nabi saw as a threat to his influence. On August 20, 1920, Ramadan planned a surprise attack on the Warfalla with a force of 2,000 men. Due to the lack of water resources, Ramadan's attack failed and many of his men died of the summer heat, including Ramadan himself. This led to a civil war between the tribes and peasants of the Jabal al Gharbi District from 1920 to 1922 competing for political offices in the Tripolitanian Republic.

Role in the Gaddafi regime

Main article: History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi

The Warfalla, together with the Qadhafa and the Magarha, were traditionally considered the pillars of Gaddafi’s rule, dominating the security services and the ranks of the military. Gaddafi drew many of his security personnel from the Warfalla tribe, and placed certain Warfalla leaders in his "revolutionary committees" (besides members of the Maqarha and his own Qadhafa tribe), a paramilitary force entrusted with securing loyalty to the Qaddafis, by force if necessary.

However, this support has been inconsistent, most notably in the mounting of the 1993 Libyan coup attempt by Warfalla members of Gaddafi’s government in 1993, as a result of their rivalry with the Magarha for top positions within the government, the failure of the coup attempt to overthrow Gaddafi resulted in a temporary decline of Warfalla influence in the Libyan power structure, as many leading members were purged and a number of Warfalla leaders and civilians were either imprisoned or executed.

Role in the 2011 Libyan civil war

Main article: First Libyan Civil War

In the early weeks of February 2011 Libyan Civil War the Warfalla tribe leaders gave their support to the Gaddafi regime, but while the tribe has often been identified with the Gaddafi regime, there were many Warfalla who actively opposed his rule, including Mahmoud Jibril (el-Warfally), the titular head of the opposition National Transitional Council (NTC).

Akram al-Warfelli, a leading figure of the tribe, called for Gaddafi to stand down in late February 2011. “We tell the brother, he’s no longer a brother, we tell him to leave the country,” he told Al-Jazeera. On the 28-29 of May, over 100 tribal leaders, most of them Warfalla, met to call for an end to the fighting in Libya and the removal of Mu'ammar Qaddafi and his sons from the Libyan government.

Notable Warfalla

References

References

  1. (1 September 2011). "Factbox: Libya's Warfalla tribe". Reuters.
  2. Cole, Peter. "TRIBE, SECURITY, JUSTICE, AND PEACE IN LIBYA TODAY".
  3. "Factbox: Libya's Warfalla tribe". Reuters.
  4. Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld {{!}} Libya's Warfalla Tribe Switching Loyalties?". Refworld.
  5. (1 September 2011). "Factbox: Libya's Warfalla tribe". Reuters.
  6. Ahmida, Ali Abdullatif. (March 1994). "The making of modern Libya: state formation, colonization, and resistance, 1830-1932". [[SUNY Press]].
  7. Ahmida, Ali Abdullatif. (March 1994). "The making of modern Libya: state formation, colonization, and resistance, 1830-1932". [[SUNY Press]].
  8. (2008). "Countries at the crossroads: a survey of democratic governance". [[Rowman & Littlefield]].
  9. Dirk J. Vandewalle, ''A history of modern Libya'', Cambridge University Press, 2006, p.152. {{ISBN. 978-0-521-85048-3.
  10. Amin Saikal, Albrecht Schnabel, ''Democratization in the Middle East: experiences, struggles, challenges'', United Nations University Press, 2003, {{ISBN. 978-92-808-1085-1, p. 196.
  11. Reuters Editorial. "Factbox: Libya's Warfalla tribe". U.S..
  12. "BRIEFS - Jamestown". Jamestown.
  13. Reuters Editorial. "Factbox: Libya's Warfalla tribe". U.S..

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