Vulpini
Vulpini is a tribe which represents the fox-like taxon of the subfamily Caninae (the canines), and is sister to the dog-like tribe Canini. It comprises the 15 extant and 21 extinct species found on all continents.
| Vulpins | |
|---|---|
| Clockwise from top: red fox, bat-eared fox, tanuki | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Carnivora |
| Family: | Canidae |
| Subfamily: | Caninae |
| Tribe: | VulpiniHemprich and Ehrenberg, 1832 |
| †Ferrucyon | |
| †Metalopex Tedford, Wang, & Taylor 2008 | |
| Nyctereutes | |
| Otocyon | |
| †Prototocyon | |
| Vulpes |
@media(max-width:640px){body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .infobox{width:100%!important}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .infobox th{width:50%}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow2 td{padding:2px 10px}
Vulpini is a tribe which represents the fox-like taxon of the subfamily Caninae (the canines), and is sister to the dog-like tribe Canini. It comprises the 15 extant and 21 extinct species found on all continents.
| Image | Genus | Species |
|---|---|---|
| Nyctereutes Temminck, 1838 | Nyctereutes procyonoides | |
| Nyctereutes viverrinus | ||
| †Nyctereutes abdeslami | ||
| †Nyctereutes donnezani | ||
| †Nyctereutes lockwoodi | ||
| †Nyctereutes megamastoides | ||
| †Nyctereutes sinensis | ||
| †Nyctereutes tingi | ||
| †Nyctereutes vinetorum | ||
| Otocyon S. Müller, 1835 | Otocyon megalotis | |
| Vulpes Garsault, 1764 | Vulpes bengalensis | |
| Vulpes cana | ||
| Vulpes chama | ||
| Vulpes corsac | ||
| Vulpes ferrilata | ||
| Vulpes lagopus | ||
| Vulpes macrotis | ||
| Vulpes pallida | ||
| Vulpes rueppellii | ||
| Vulpes velox | ||
| Vulpes vulpes | ||
| Vulpes zerda | ||
| †Vulpes hassani | ||
| †Vulpes praeglacialis | ||
| †Vulpes qiuzhudingi | ||
| †Vulpes riffautae | ||
| †Vulpes rooki | ||
| †Vulpes skinneri | ||
| †Vulpes stenognathus | ||
| †Ferrucyon Ruiz-Ramoni et al., 2020 | †Ferrucyon avius | |
| †Metalopex S. Müller, 1835 | †Metalopex bakeri Tedford et al. 2009 | |
| †Metalopex macconnelli Tedford et al. 2009 | ||
| †Metalopex merriami Tedford and Wang, 2008 | ||
| †Prototocyon Pohle, 1928 | †Prototocyon curvipalatus | |
| †Prototocyon recki |
The taxonomy of Carnivora in general and Canidae in particular correlates with various diagnostic features of the dentition and basicranium. Regarding Vulpini, Tedford has remarked:
.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}
These small canids are distinguished from all other Caninae in possessing a wide paroccipital process that is broadly sutured to the posterior surface of the bulla with a short and laterally turned free tip that barely extends below the body of the process. The presence of a metaconule and postprotocrista on M2 of vulpines represents the culmination of a reversal that began with late Leptocyon species to resume the form of the primitive canine M2.
The cladogram below is based on the phylogeny of Lindblad-Toh (2005) modified to incorporate recent findings on Vulpes.
.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:27em}body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:22.5em}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=upper-alpha]{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=upper-roman]{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=lower-alpha]{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=lower-greek]{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .references[data-mw-group=lower-roman]{list-style-type:lower-roman}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-upper-alpha .references{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-upper-roman .references{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-lower-alpha .references{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-lower-greek .references{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output div.reflist-liststyle-lower-roman .references{list-style-type:lower-roman}
.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+style+.asbox,.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+link+.asbox{margin-top:3em}