Ulm

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City in Baden-Württemberg, Germany

title: "Ulm" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["ulm", "1803-disestablishments", "states-and-territories-established-in-1181", "tübingen-(region)", "cities-in-baden-württemberg", "populated-places-on-the-danube", "historic-jewish-communities", "holocaust-locations-in-germany", "urban-districts-of-baden-württemberg"] description: "City in Baden-Württemberg, Germany" topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulm" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary City in Baden-Württemberg, Germany ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox German place"]

FieldValue
BürgermeistertitelOberbürgermeister
Gemeindeschlüssel08 4 21 000
typeStadt
image_skyline{{multiple image
total_width280
borderinfobox
perrow1/2/2/2
caption_aligncenter
image1Ulm Panorama 01.jpg
caption1Ulm on the banks of the Danube
image2Ulm Münster NW 2011 08 30.JPG
caption2Ulm Minster
image3Rathaus Ulma.jpg
caption3City Hall
image4Winter scene with Ulmer Münster.jpg
caption4Wintry Ulm
image5Ulmer Münster Rooftop.jpg
caption5View from the Minster
image6Kloster Wiblingen Bibliothekssaal 01.jpg
caption6Wiblingen Abbey
image7Fischerviertel winter scene.jpg
caption7Fishermen's Quarter
image_flagFlag of Ulm.svg
image_coaDEU Ulm COA.svg
coordinates
stateBaden-Württemberg
regionTübingen
districturban
elevation478
area118.69
postal_code89073–89081
area_code0731, 07304,
07305, 07346
licenceUL
divisions18 Stadtteile
websitewww.ulm.de
mayorMartin Ansbacher
leader_term2024–32
partySPD
year_of_first_mention854 AD
::

|Bürgermeistertitel = Oberbürgermeister |Gemeindeschlüssel = 08 4 21 000 |type = Stadt | image_skyline = {{multiple image | total_width = 280 | border = infobox | perrow = 1/2/2/2 | caption_align = center | image1 = Ulm Panorama 01.jpg | caption1 = Ulm on the banks of the Danube | image2 = Ulm Münster NW 2011 08 30.JPG | caption2 = Ulm Minster | image3 = Rathaus Ulma.jpg | caption3 = City Hall | image4 = Winter scene with Ulmer Münster.jpg | caption4 = Wintry Ulm | image5 = Ulmer Münster Rooftop.jpg | caption5 = View from the Minster | image6 = Kloster Wiblingen Bibliothekssaal 01.jpg | caption6 = Wiblingen Abbey | image7 = Fischerviertel winter scene.jpg | caption7 = Fishermen's Quarter |image_flag = Flag of Ulm.svg |image_coa = DEU Ulm COA.svg |coordinates = |image_plan = |state = Baden-Württemberg |region = Tübingen |district = urban |elevation = 478 |area = 118.69 |postal_code = 89073–89081 |area_code = 0731, 07304, 07305, 07346 |licence = UL |divisions = 18 Stadtteile |website = www.ulm.de |mayor = Martin Ansbacher |leader_term = 2024–32 |party = SPD |year_of_first_mention = 854 AD

Ulm () is the sixth-largest city of the southwestern German state of Baden-Württemberg, and with around 129,000 inhabitants, it is Germany's 60th-largest city.

Ulm is located on the eastern edges of the Swabian Jura mountain range, on the upper course of the River Danube, at the confluence with the small Blau Stream, coming from the Blautopf in the west. The mouth of the Iller also falls within Ulm's city limits. The Danube forms the border with Bavaria, where Ulm's twin city Neu-Ulm lies. The city was part of Ulm until 1810, and Ulm and Neu-Ulm have a combined population of around 190,000. Ulm forms an urban district of its own (Stadtkreis Ulm), and is the administrative seat of the Alb-Donau-Kreis, the district that surrounds it on three sides, but which the city itself is not a part of. Ulm is the overall 11th-largest city on the river Danube, and the third-largest German Danubian city after Regensburg and Ingolstadt.

Founded around 850, Ulm is rich in history and traditions as a former free imperial city. Ulm is an economic centre due to its varied industries, and is the seat of the University of Ulm (Universität Ulm), and of the Ulm University of Applied Sciences (**, THU). The city lies on the international railway corridor "Main Line for Europe", from Paris to Bratislava and Budapest, via Strasbourg, Karlsruhe, Stuttgart, Ulm, Augsburg, Munich, Salzburg, Linz and Vienna. The Ulm Minster (Ulmer Münster) is the second tallest church in the world (161.53 m).

In 1927, the then tiny village of Wiblingen was incorporated into Ulm, which led to that Wiblingen Abbey with its monastic library and its True Cross reliquary (Heilig-Kreuz-Reliquie), that allegedly contains wood particles from the True Cross, is now part of Ulm.

Famous personalities born in Ulm include (1777–1859), (1864–1922), Albert Einstein (1879–1955), Otto Kässbohrer (1904–1989), Hildegard Knef (1925–2002) and Ursula Karven (b.1964).

Geography

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Ulm_Fußgängerzone.jpg" caption="View from [[Ulm Minster]] towards Hirschstraße"] ::

Ulm lies at the point where the rivers Blau and Iller join the Danube, at an altitude of 479 m above sea level. Most parts of the city, including the old town, are situated on the northern bank of the Danube; only the districts of Wiblingen, Gögglingen, Donaustetten and Unterweiler lie on the southern bank. Across from the old town, on the other side of the river, lies the twin city of Neu-Ulm in the state of Bavaria, smaller than Ulm and, until 1810, a part of it (population c. 50,000).

Except for the Danube in the south, the city is surrounded by forests and hills which rise to altitudes of over 620 m, some of them part of the Swabian Alb. South of the Danube, plains and hills finally end in the northern edge of the Alps, which are approximately 100 km from Ulm and are visible from the city on clear days.

The city of Ulm is situated in the northern part of the North Alpine Foreland basin, where the basin reaches the Swabian Alb. The Turritellenplatte of Ermingen ("Erminger Turritellenplatte") is a famous palaeontological site of Burdigalian age.

Neighboring communes

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Nuremberg_chronicles_f_190v191r_1.jpg" caption="Ulm in the 1493 ''[[Nuremberg Chronicle]]''"] ::

On the right (south-eastern) side of Danube and Iller there is the Bavarian district town Neu-Ulm. On the left (north-western) side Ulm is almost completely surrounded by the Alb-Danube district. The neighbouring communes of Baden-Württemberg are the following: Illerkirchberg, Staig, Hüttisheim, Erbach (Donau), Blaubeuren, Blaustein, Dornstadt, Beimerstetten and Langenau as well as the eastern neighbouring community Elchingen.

Town subdivisions

The city is divided into 18 districts:

Ulm-Mitte, Böfingen, Donaustetten, Donautal, Eggingen, Einsingen, Ermingen, Eselsberg, Gögglingen, Grimmelfingen, Jungingen, Lehr, Mähringen, Oststadt, Söflingen (with Harthausen), Unterweiler, Weststadt, and Wiblingen.

Nine districts were integrated during the latest municipality reform in the 1970s: Eggingen, Einsingen, Ermingen, Gögglingen-Donaustetten, Jungingen, Lehr, Mähringen und Unterweiler. They have their own local councils which acquire an important consulting position to the whole city council concerning issues that are related to the prevailing districts. But at the end, final decisions can only be made by the city council of the entire city of Ulm.

History

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Braun_Ulm_UBHD.jpg" caption="Frans Hogenberg"] ::

The oldest traceable settlement of the Ulm area began in the early Neolithic period, around 5000 BC. Settlements of this time have been identified at the villages of Eggingen and Lehr, today districts of the city. In the city area of Ulm proper, the oldest find dates from the late Neolithic period. The earliest written mention of Ulm is dated 22 July 854 AD, when King Louis the German signed a document in the King's palace of "Hulma" in the Duchy of Swabia. The city was declared an Imperial City () by Friedrich Barbarossa in 1181.

At first, Ulm's significance was due to the privilege of a Königspfalz, a place of accommodation for the medieval German kings and emperors on their frequent travels. Later, Ulm became a city of traders and craftsmen. One of the most important legal documents of the city, an agreement between the Ulm patricians and the trade guilds (), dates from 1397. This document, considered an early city constitution, and the beginning of the construction of an enormous church (Ulm Minster, 1377), financed by the inhabitants of Ulm themselves rather than by the church, demonstrate the assertiveness of Ulm's medieval citizens. Ulm blossomed during the 15th and 16th centuries, mostly due to the export of high-quality textiles. The city was situated at the crossroads of important trade routes extending to Italy. These centuries, during which many important buildings were erected, also represented the zenith of art in Ulm, especially for painters and sculptors like Hans Multscher and Jörg Syrlin the Elder. During the Reformation, Ulm became Protestant (1530). With the establishment of new trade routes following the discovery of the New World (16th century) and the outbreak and consequences of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), the city began to decline gradually. During the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714), it was alternately invaded several times by French and Bavarian soldiers.

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Charles_Thévenin_-_Reddition_de_la_ville_d'Ulm.jpg" caption="The capitulation of Ulm. General Mack and 23,000 Austrian troops surrendered to [[Napoleon]]."] ::

In the wars following the French Revolution, the city was alternately occupied by French and Austrian forces, with the former ones destroying the city fortifications. In 1803, it lost the status of Imperial City and was absorbed into Bavaria. During the campaign of 1805, Napoleon managed to trap the invading Austrian army of General Mack and forced it to surrender in the Battle of Ulm. In 1810, Ulm was incorporated into the Kingdom of Württemberg and lost its districts on the other bank of the Danube, which came to be known as Neu-Ulm (New Ulm).

In the mid-19th century, the city was designated a fortress of the German Confederation with huge military construction works directed primarily against the threat of a French invasion. The city became an important centre of industrialisation in southern Germany in the second half of the 19th century, its built-up area now being extended beyond the medieval walls. The construction of the huge minster, which had been interrupted in the 16th century for economic reasons, was resumed and eventually finished (1844–1891) in a wave of German national enthusiasm for the Middle Ages.

From 1933 to 1935, a concentration camp primarily for political opponents of the regime was established on the Kuhberg, one of the hills surrounding Ulm. The Jews of Ulm, around 500 people, were first discriminated against and later persecuted; their synagogue was torn down during Kristallnacht in November 1938. Of 116 Jews deported from Ulm during World War II (45 were sent to Theresienstadt on 22 August 1942), only four returned. Approximately 25 Jews were living in Ulm in 1968.

The sole RAF strategic bombing during World War II against Ulm occurred on 17 December 1944, against the two large lorry factories of Magirus-Deutz and Kässbohrer, as well as other industries, barracks, and depots in Ulm. The Gallwitz Barracks and several military hospitals were among 14 Wehrmacht establishments destroyed. The raid killed 707 Ulm inhabitants and left 25,000 homeless and after all the bombings, over 80% of the medieval city centre lay in ruins. The Magirus factory hosted a subcamp of the Dachau concentration camp.

Some parts of the city were rebuilt in the plain and simple style of the 1950s and 1960s, but most parts of the historic old town have been restored. Due to its almost complete destruction in 1944, the Hirschstraße part of the city primarily consists of modern architecture. Ulm experienced substantial growth in the decades following World War II, with the establishment of large new housing projects and new industrial zones. In 1967, Ulm University was founded, which proved to be of great importance for the development of the city. Particularly since the 1980s, the transition from classical industry towards the high-tech sector has accelerated, with, for example, the establishment of research centres of companies like Daimler, Siemens and Nokia and a number of small applied research institutes near the university campus. The city today is still growing, forming a twin city of 170,000 inhabitants together with its neighbouring Bavarian city of Neu-Ulm, and seems to benefit from its central position between the cities of Stuttgart and Munich and thus between the cultural and economic hubs of southern Germany.

::data[format=table title="Significant minority groups"]

NationalityPopulation (2018)
Turkey4,782
Italy2,009
Croatia1,557
Bosnia & Herzegovina1,532
Romania1,319
Kosovo959
Syria823
Serbia783
Hungary740
Iraq678
Poland626
::

Demographics

source:}}

Climate

Ulm has a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfb; Trewartha: Dcbo). Compared with the plains, the temperature fluctuates greatly, with the average temperature ranging from -1 C in winter to 18 C in summer, and precipitation is concentrated from May to August.

The Lübeck weather station has recorded the following extreme values:

  • Highest Temperature 37.4 C on 27 July 1983.
  • Warmest Minimum 20.6 C on 1 July 1950.
  • Coldest Maximum -16.8 C on 7 January 1985.
  • Lowest Temperature -25.5 C on 10 February 1956.
  • Highest Daily Precipitation 77.9 mm on 2 July 1956.
  • Wettest Month 237.5 mm in July 1956.
  • Wettest Year 928.1 mm in 2002.
  • Driest Year 501.4 mm in 1949.
  • Earliest Snowfall: 4 November 1966.
  • Latest Snowfall: 28 April 1985.--
  • Longest annual sunshine: 2,211.5 hours in 2022.
  • Shortest annual sunshine: 1,401.5 hours in 1995.

|location = Ulm (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1944–present) |metric first = Y |single line = Y |Jan record high C = 16.0 |Feb record high C = 19.6 |Mar record high C = 24.3 |Apr record high C = 29.7 |May record high C = 29.9 |Jun record high C = 33.8 |Jul record high C = 37.4 |Aug record high C = 35.4 |Sep record high C = 31.5 |Oct record high C = 27.3 |Nov record high C = 19.6 |Dec record high C = 15.1 |year record high C = 37.4 |Jan avg record high C = 10.0 |Feb avg record high C = 12.8 |Mar avg record high C = 18.0 |Apr avg record high C = 22.8 |May avg record high C = 26.5 |Jun avg record high C = 29.7 |Jul avg record high C = 31.3 |Aug avg record high C = 30.8 |Sep avg record high C = 26.0 |Oct avg record high C = 21.2 |Nov avg record high C = 14.5 |Dec avg record high C = 10.6 |year avg record high C = 32.4 |Jan high C = 1.9 |Feb high C = 3.8 |Mar high C = 8.9 |Apr high C = 13.7 |May high C = 18.2 |Jun high C = 21.4 |Jul high C = 23.3 |Aug high C = 23.2 |Sep high C = 18.2 |Oct high C = 12.5 |Nov high C = 6.1 |Dec high C = 2.3 |year high C = 12.7 |Jan mean C = -0.6 |Feb mean C = 0.3 |Mar mean C = 4.5 |Apr mean C = 8.8 |May mean C = 13.2 |Jun mean C = 16.4 |Jul mean C = 18.2 |Aug mean C = 17.9 |Sep mean C = 13.5 |Oct mean C = 8.6 |Nov mean C = 3.4 |Dec mean C = 0.0 |year mean C = 8.6 |Jan low C = -3.0 |Feb low C = -2.8 |Mar low C = 0.6 |Apr low C = 4.1 |May low C = 8.2 |Jun low C = 11.4 |Jul low C = 13.2 |Aug low C = 12.9 |Sep low C = 9.2 |Oct low C = 5.3 |Nov low C = 1.0 |Dec low C = -2.2 |year low C = 4.8 |Jan avg record low C = -11.0 |Feb avg record low C = -10.4 |Mar avg record low C = -5.7 |Apr avg record low C = -2.4 |May avg record low C = 2.0 |Jun avg record low C = 5.6 |Jul avg record low C = 7.9 |Aug avg record low C = 7.3 |Sep avg record low C = 3.3 |Oct avg record low C = -1.0 |Nov avg record low C = -5.0 |Dec avg record low C = -10.0 |year avg record low C = -14.2 |Jan record low C = -24.6 |Feb record low C = -25.5 |Mar record low C = -17.5 |Apr record low C = -8.2 |May record low C = -2.8 |Jun record low C = 0.4 |Jul record low C = 4.0 |Aug record low C = 3.0 |Sep record low C = -1.0 |Oct record low C = -6.6 |Nov record low C = -14.2 |Dec record low C = -20.2 |year record low C = -25.5 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 42.9 |Feb precipitation mm = 35.3 |Mar precipitation mm = 47.5 |Apr precipitation mm = 45.5 |May precipitation mm = 81.2 |Jun precipitation mm = 82.7 |Jul precipitation mm = 88.6 |Aug precipitation mm = 85.1 |Sep precipitation mm = 58.2 |Oct precipitation mm = 57.5 |Nov precipitation mm = 50.9 |Dec precipitation mm = 57.6 |year precipitation mm = 731.5 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 15.3 |Feb precipitation days = 14.1 |Mar precipitation days = 15.0 |Apr precipitation days = 13.8 |May precipitation days = 15.8 |Jun precipitation days = 15.4 |Jul precipitation days = 15.8 |Aug precipitation days = 14.4 |Sep precipitation days = 13.7 |Oct precipitation days = 16.2 |Nov precipitation days = 15.8 |Dec precipitation days = 17.9 |year precipitation days = 182.9 |Jan sun = 54.7 |Feb sun = 84.0 |Mar sun = 134.5 |Apr sun = 175.9 |May sun = 209.1 |Jun sun = 221.1 |Jul sun = 233.9 |Aug sun = 218.6 |Sep sun = 151.2 |Oct sun = 94.1 |Nov sun = 47.4 |Dec sun = 43.5 |year sun = 1652.8 |Jan snow depth cm = 10.9 |Feb snow depth cm = 11.0 |Mar snow depth cm = 4.6 |Apr snow depth cm = 1.9 |May snow depth cm = 0 |Jun snow depth cm = 0 |Jul snow depth cm = 0 |Aug snow depth cm = 0 |Sep snow depth cm = 0.1 |Oct snow depth cm = 0.3 |Nov snow depth cm = 2.8 |Dec snow depth cm = 8.6 |year snow depth cm = 17.2 |humidity colour = green |Jan humidity = 89.7 |Feb humidity = 84.4 |Mar humidity = 76.3 |Apr humidity = 70.0 |May humidity = 71.3 |Jun humidity = 71.8 |Jul humidity = 71.9 |Aug humidity = 72.9 |Sep humidity = 79.5 |Oct humidity = 87.1 |Nov humidity = 91.0 |Dec humidity = 91.2 |source 1 = World Meteorological Organization{{cite web |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231012174404/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Germany/CSV/Ulm_10838.csv |archive-date = 12 October 2023 |url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Germany/CSV/Ulm_10838.csv |title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020 |work = World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020) |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date = 13 October 2023}} |source 2 = DWD Open Data |url = https://www.wetterzentrale.de/extremes_mon.php?station=15444&maand=1&country=1&order=1&extreem=X_TX |title = Extremwertanalyse der DWD-Stationen, Tagesmaxima, Dekadenrekorde, usw. |publisher = DWD |language = de |access-date = 18 November 2023}}{{cite web |url = http://sklima.de/datenbank_auswertung.php?tab=2 |title = Monatsauswertung |website = sklima.de |publisher = SKlima |language = de |access-date = 1 November 2024}}

Note

Economy

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Kirche_St_Georg_Ulm.jpg" caption="[[Saint George]]'s Catholic church, Ulm"] ::

The city has very old trading traditions dating from medieval times and a long history of industrialisation, beginning with the establishment of a railway station in 1850. The most important sector is still classical industry (machinery, especially motor vehicles; electronics; pharmaceuticals). The establishment of the University of Ulm in 1967, which focuses on biomedicine, the sciences, and engineering, helped support a transition to high-tech industry, especially after the crisis of classical industries in the 1980s.

Companies with headquarters in Ulm include:

Companies with important sites in Ulm include:

Ecology

In 2007 the City of Ulm was awarded the European Energy Award for its remarkable local energy management and its efforts to combat climate change. Examples of these efforts are a biomass power plant operated by the Fernwärme Ulm GmbH (10 MW electrical output), and the world's biggest passive house office building, the so-called Energon, located in the "Science City" near the university campus. Moreover, the city of Ulm boasts the second largest solar power production in Germany. For all new buildings, a strict energy standard (German KFW40 standard) has been mandatory since April 2008. Ulm Minster has been fully powered by renewables since January 2008. Until the end of 2011 as a European pilot project a self-sustaining data-centre will be constructed in the west-city of Ulm. There is a solar-powered ferry that crosses the Danube 7 days a week in summer. The "Bündnis 100% Erneuerbare Energien" was founded in February 2010 with the aim of bringing together the people and organisations seeking to promote the transition to 100% renewable energy in Ulm and Neu-Ulm by 2030.

Transportation

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Strassenbahn_ulm_stadion.JPG" caption="Tram in Ulm"] ::

Ulm is situated at the crossroads of the A8 motorway (connecting the principal cities of southern Germany, Stuttgart and Munich), and the A7 motorway (one of the motorways running from northern to southern Europe).

The city's railway station is served, among other lines, by one of the European train routes (Paris – Strasbourg – Stuttgart – Ulm – Munich – Vienna – Budapest). Direct connections to Berlin are also available.

Ulm's public transport system is based on several bus lines and two tram lines. Several streets in the old town are for the use of pedestrians and cyclists only. Ulm was the first area to be served by the Daimler AG's Car2Go carsharing service in 2008. However, the service in Ulm was discontinued at the end of 2014.

The nearest airports to Ulm are Memmingen Airport, located 60 km to the south and Stuttgart Airport, located 80 km to the north west. Munich Airport is also at a reasonable distance located 162 km east of Ulm.

Education and culture

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Ulm_public_library_above.jpg" caption="The Ulm Public Library"] ::

The University of Ulm was founded in 1967 and focuses on the sciences, medicine, engineering, and mathematics / economics. With about 10,000 students, it is one of the smaller universities in Germany.

Ulm is also the seat of the city's University of Applied Sciences (), founded in 1960 as a public school of engineering. The school also houses numerous students from around the world as part of an international study abroad programme.

In 1953, Inge Aicher-Scholl, Otl Aicher and Max Bill founded the Ulm School of Design (German: Hochschule für Gestaltung – HfG Ulm), a design school in the tradition of the Bauhaus, which was, however, closed in 1968.

Ulm's public library features over 480,000 print media. The city has a public theatre with drama, opera and ballet, several small theatres, and a professional philharmonic orchestra.

Sport

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Ulm_Donaustadion_1.jpg" caption="The [[Donaustadion]] is the stadium of football club [[SSV Ulm 1846]]."] ::

::data[format=table]

ClubFoundedLeagueSportVenueCapacitySSV Ulm 18461846Donaustadion19,500Ratiopharm Ulm2001Ratiopharm arena6,000
3. LigaFootball
Basketball BundesligaBasketball
::

Sights

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Ulm_Marktplatz.jpg" caption="Marktplatz}} (market square) with town hall (right) and public library (center)"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Rathaus_Ulm.jpg" caption="Town hall"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Ulm_Rabengasse.jpg" caption="minster"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Uni_Ulm_See_Nordeingang.jpg" caption="Sculpture by [[Niki de Saint Phalle]] (''The poet and his muse'') in front of Ulm University"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Museum_Ulm.jpg" caption="[[Museum Ulm]], home of the [[Lion-man]], oldest sculpture in the world"] ::

Historic

  • Ulm Minster (German: Ulmer Münster, built 1377–1891) with the world's second highest church steeple (161.53 m high and 768 steps). Choir stalls by Jörg Syrlin the Elder (1469–1474), famous sculpture Schmerzensmann (Man of Sorrows) by Hans Multscher (1429).
  • The old Fischerviertel (fishermen's quarter) on the River Blau, with half-timbered houses, cobblestone streets, and picturesque footbridges. Interesting sights here are the (crooked house), a 16th-century house today used as a hotel, and the Alte Münz (Old Mint), a mediaeval building extended in the 16th and 17th centuries in Renaissance style.
  • The remaining section of the city walls, along the river, with the 14th-century Metzgerturm (butchers' tower) (36 m high).
  • The Rathaus (Town Hall), built in 1370, featuring some brilliantly coloured murals dating from the mid-16th century. On the gable is an astronomical clock dating from 1520. Restored after serious damage in 1944.
  • The Krone inn, a medieval complex of several houses (15th / 16th century, extensions from the 19th century), where German kings and emperors were accommodated during their travels.
  • Several large buildings from the late Middle Ages / renaissance used for various purposes (especially storage of food and weapons), e.g. Schwörhaus, Kornhaus, Salzstadel, Büchsenstadel, Zeughaus, Neuer Bau.
  • Ulm Federal Fortifications are the largest preserved fortifications and were built from 1842 to 1859 to protect from attacks by France.
  • The historic district Auf dem Kreuz, a residential area with many buildings from before 1700.
  • Wiblingen Abbey, a former Benedictine abbey in the suburb of Wiblingen in the south of Ulm. The church shows characteristics of late baroque and early classicism. Its library is a masterpiece of rococo.

Contemporary

  • Building of the Ulm School of Design (German: Hochschule für Gestaltung – HfG Ulm), an important school of design (1953–1968) in the succession of the Bauhaus.
  • Stadthaus, a house for public events built by Richard Meier, directly adjacent to the minster.
  • Stadtbibliothek, the building of the public library of Ulm was erected by Gottfried Böhm in the form of a glass pyramid and is situated directly adjacent to the town hall.
  • Kunsthalle Weishaupt is the highlight in Ulm's New Centre.

Museums

  • The Kunsthalle Weishaupt, whose private collection shows modern art from 1945.
  • Museum Ulm houses a significant collection of art and craftwork from the Middle Ages, the Löwenmensch figurine – a 40,000-year-old lion-headed figurine which is the oldest known human/animal shaped sculpture in the world – and various European and American art from the years after 1945. The museum has alternating exhibitions.
  • The offers a permanent exhibition about the history of grain, baking, milling and bread culture.
  • The exhibitions in the follow the varied history of the Danube Swabians (Donauschwaben) emigrants.

Memorials

  • Albert Einstein Memorial – A small memorial at the site of the house where Albert Einstein was born in Bahnhofstraße, between the present-day newspaper offices and the bank. The house itself and the whole district were destroyed in the firebombing of 1944.
  • Memorial to Hans and Sophie Scholl – A small memorial on the Münsterplatz in memory of these two members of the (White Rose, a resistance group opposed to the Nazi regime), who spent their youth in Ulm. Their family's house near the memorial was destroyed in the firebombing of 1944.
  • The Memorial to Deserters – Located near the university's botanical garden, it commemorates those who deserted from the during World War II. It was originally erected on 9 September 1989, and was moved to its current location in July 2005. The Monument represents the idea: "Desertion is not reprehensible, war is".

Other landmarks

Notable people

Born in Ulm

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Einstein_patentoffice.jpg" caption="[[Albert Einstein]], 1904, age 25"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Piscator-Portrait.jpg" caption="[[Erwin Piscator]], ca.1929"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Hildegard_Knef_254-8439.jpg" caption="[[Hildegard Knef]], 1969"] ::

Sport

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Ruder-EM_2016_74_(cropped).JPG" caption="[[Maximilian Reinelt]], 2016"] ::

Otherwise associated with Ulm

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_René_Descartes.jpg" caption="portrait of [[René Descartes"] ::

International relations

Ulm is a member city of the Eurotowns network.

Ulm is officially not twinned. But there are relations with:

References

Notes

Bibliography

  • Johannes Baier: Über die Tertiärbildungen im Ulmer Raum. In: Documenta Naturae. 168; München, 2008. .

References

  1. Ulm, Stadt. (29 February 2024). "Martin Ansbacher im Amt als Oberbürgermeister".
  2. "ulm-by-michael-vogt". 500px.com.
  3. "Ulm".
  4. "RAF History – Bomber Command 60th Anniversary". Raf.mod.uk.
  5. Megargee, Geoffrey P.. (2009). "The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume I". Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
  6. "Altstadt Ulm - Gassen nördlich des Münsters".
  7. [[:de:Einwohnerentwicklung von Ulm. Link]]{{Circular reference. (January 2025)
  8. "Homepage – BMW Car IT".
  9. "Homepage – Nokia Networks in Germany".
  10. Stadt Ulm. "Stadt Ulm – Ulm erhält 'European Energy Award'".
  11. Lars Schulz. (27 March 2010). "Solarbundesliga". Solarbundesliga.de.
  12. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080503052308/http://www.swu-fakten.de/fakten/swu/ ''SWU Fakten''], Stadtwerke Ulm, visited 15. Mai 2008.
  13. "Press release at Gruene-IT.de".
  14. "Solarstiftung Ulm/Neu-Ulm – Home". Solarboot-ulm.de.
  15. Roland Fuchs. "Home – Bündnis 100% Erneuerbare Energien". 100ee.de.
  16. "The University of Ulm".
  17. (2003). "HfGArchiv Ulm – History". HfG-Archiv Ulm.
  18. "Theatre Ulm".
  19. "Theatres & Stages".
  20. "Theater Ulm – Konzerte".
  21. "Page with photos of Wiblingen Abbey's Baroque library".
  22. "Museum der Brotkultur in Ulm - - english content".
  23. "Donauschwäbisches Zentralmuseum Ulm – ENG".
  24. {{Cite EB1911
  25. {{Cite Appletons'. .
  26. {{Cite EB1911
  27. {{CathEncy. Sauer. Joseph
  28. {{Cite EB1911
  29. {{Cite EB1911. Clerke. Agnes Mary
  30. {{Cite EB1911
  31. (2 January 2010). "Terence McKenna ~ Science Was Founded by an Angel".
  32. "Eurotowns – The future's city network in Europe (2019)".
  33. "Partner (Twin) towns of Bratislava". Bratislava-City.sk.
  34. "Ulm – International Contacts (in German)". City of Ulm.

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