Ulemosaurus

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Extinct genus of therapsids

title: "Ulemosaurus" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["tapinocephalia", "prehistoric-therapsid-genera", "guadalupian-synapsids-of-europe", "extinct-animals-of-russia", "fossil-taxa-described-in-1938", "capitanian-genus-first-appearances", "capitanian-genus-extinctions", "capitanian-life"] description: "Extinct genus of therapsids" topic_path: "geography/russia" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulemosaurus" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Extinct genus of therapsids ::

| fossil_range = Capitanian, | image = Ulemosaurus svijagensis Riabinin. Музей естественной истории РТ. Кремль. Казань. Январь 2014 - panoramio.jpg | image_caption = Skull of Ulemosaurus svijagensis | image_upright = 1.2 | display_parents = 2 | taxon = Ulemosaurus | authority = Rjabinin, 1938 | type_species = Ulemosaurus svijagensis | type_species_authority = Riabinin, 1938 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = {{bold species list | U. svijagensis |Riabinin, 1938 | U. gigas|(Efremov 1954)}}

Ulemosaurus is an extinct genus of dinocephalian therapsids that lived 265 to 260 million years ago, at Isheevo in Russian Tatarstan. It was a tapinocephalid, a group of bulky herbivores which flourished in the Middle Permian. Ulemosaurus and other tapinocephalians disappeared at the end of the Middle Permian.

Description

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Ulemosaurus_BW.jpg" caption="Digital painting of ''Ulemosaurus svijagensis'' by [[Nobu Tamura]]."] ::

Only several partial skeletons and skulls have been found. Ulemosaurus grew to 4-5 m in length and weighed up to 1 t. The skull bones are extremely dense: about 10 cm at its thickest. This thickening is possibly related to head-butting behavior, as some researchers suggest. The species is considered a herbivore, but because the mandible is heavily constructed some palaeontologists consider it a carnivore, with the species being able to use muscle power to cut prey up with its incisors.

Classification

Ulemosaurus is a large Moschops-like form from Russia. Despite its advanced characteristics, it lived slightly before the Karoo forms, showing that the Moschopines, and indeed the Tapinocephalidae in general, had already attained their acme by early Capitanian time.

References

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::