Udon Thani

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title: "Udon Thani" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["isan", "populated-places-in-udon-thani-province"] topic_path: "general/isan" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
nameUdon Thani
official_nameCity of Udon Thani
เทศบาลนครอุดรธานี
other_nameUdon
native_nameอุดรธานี
settlement_typeCity municipality
image_skylineUdon Thani - The City Pillar Shrine - 0002.jpg
image_captionCity pillar shrine of Udon Thani
image_flagUdon Thani City Flag.webp
image_seal
pushpin_mapThailand
pushpin_label_positionleft
pushpin_map_captionLocation in Thailand
subdivision_typeCountry
subdivision_nameThailand
subdivision_type1Province
subdivision_name1Udon Thani
subdivision_type2District
subdivision_name2Mueang Udon Thani
government_typeCity Municipality
leader_titleMayor
leader_nameItthipol Treewatanasuwan
established_titleTown
municipality
established_date14 March 1936
established_title1City
municipality
established_date125 September 1995
unit_prefmetric
area_rank9th
area_total_km247.7
area_metro_km21,095
population_as_of2019
population_footnotes
population_rank9th in Thailand
population_total130,531
(Registered residents)
population_density_km22,736
population_metro430,000
population_density_metro_km2393
timezoneICT
utc_offset+7
coordinates
postal_code_typePostcode
postal_code41000
area_code_typeCalling code
area_code042
website
::

| name = Udon Thani | official_name = City of Udon Thani เทศบาลนครอุดรธานี | other_name = Udon | native_name = อุดรธานี | nickname = | settlement_type = City municipality | motto = | image_skyline = Udon Thani - The City Pillar Shrine - 0002.jpg | imagesize = | image_caption = City pillar shrine of Udon Thani | image_flag = Udon Thani City Flag.webp | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = | blank_emblem_size = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | pushpin_map = Thailand | pushpin_label_position = left | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Thailand | pushpin_mapsize = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Thailand | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = Udon Thani | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = Mueang Udon Thani | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | government_footnotes = | government_type = City Municipality | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Itthipol Treewatanasuwan | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | established_title = Town municipality | established_date = 14 March 1936 | established_title1 = City municipality | established_date1 = 25 September 1995 | established_title2 = | established_date2 = | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = metric | area_footnotes = | area_rank = 9th | area_total_km2 = 47.7 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_metro_km2 = 1,095 | area_metro_sq_mi = | population_as_of = 2019 | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_rank = 9th in Thailand | population_total = 130,531 (Registered residents) | population_density_km2 = 2,736 | population_density_sq_mi = | population_metro = 430,000 | population_density_metro_km2 = 393 | population_density_metro_sq_mi = | population_urban = | population_density_urban_km2 = | population_density_urban_sq_mi = | population_blank1_title = | population_blank1 = | population_density_blank1_km2 = | population_density_blank1_sq_mi = | timezone = ICT | utc_offset = +7 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coordinates = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | postal_code_type = Postcode | postal_code = 41000 | area_code_type = Calling code | area_code = 042 | website = | footnotes =

Udon Thani (, ) is a city in Isan (Northeast Thailand), the capital of Udon Thani Province and the sixth largest city in Thailand. The city municipality (thesaban nakhon / city proper) had a population of 130,531 people as of 2019, while Udon Thani's urban area, Mueang Udon Thani, has a population of approximately 400,000. Udon Thani is one of four major cities in Isan, the others being Nakhon Ratchasima, Ubon Ratchathani, and Khon Kaen. Together they are known as the "big four of Isan".

Location

Udon is approximately 560 km from Bangkok. It is a major official and commercial center in northern Isan, Thailand, and the gateway to Laos, northern Vietnam, and southern China.

History

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Terminal_building,Udon_Thani_International_Airport(31-07-2005).jpg" caption="[[Udon Thani International Airport"] ::

The city's economy was boosted by the proximity to Udorn Royal Thai Air Force Base during the Vietnam War and retains reminders of that time in the form of bars, coffee shops, and hotels. "Udon sort of became like Pattaya when the GIs arrived," said a local architect. "Restaurants serving Western cuisine, hotels and nightclubs sprouted up everywhere to meet their needs. It was an extremely busy city back then."

The BBC has reported that Udon Thani's Royal Air Force Base was the site of a CIA black site, known to insiders as "Detention Site Green", used to interrogate Abu Zubaydah, Saudi-born Palestinian, believed to be one of Osama bin Laden's top lieutenants. In December 2014 the United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (SSCI) published an executive summary of a secret 6,000-page report on CIA techniques. The report alleges that at least eight Thai senior officials knew of the secret site. The site was closed in December 2002.

Earlier reports alleged that a Voice of America relay station in a rural area of Udon Thani Province, Ban Dung District, was the CIA black site.

Administration

Main article: Mueang Udon Thani District

Udon Thani town municipality (thesaban mueang) with an area of 5.6 km2 was established on 15 March 1936. On 27 May 1953, the area covered by the municipality was increased to 8.3 km2. As a result of the town's continuing growth, the total area of the municipality was enlarged for the second time to 47.7 km2. on 31 December 1993. On 25 September 1995 Udon Thani was upgraded to city municipality (thesaban nakhon), and is divided into 21 sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 248 villages (mubans). (chumchon), 130,531 people in 60,659 households.

Transport

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Udon_Thani_Railway_Station,_Thailand.jpg" caption="Udon Thani Railway Station"] ::

Udon Thani International Airport, close to the city centre (within the ring road), serves a number of domestic airports: Chiang Mai International Airport, U-Tapao International Airport (Pattaya), and Phuket, with approximately 24 daily flights to Bangkok (Don Mueang International and Suvarnabhumi Airport). During the 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic flights were reduced to 10-14 daily to{{cite web |url=https://www.udonthaniairport.com/flight-status/ |title=Udon Thani Airport Guide |date=9 March 2021 |work=Flight Status – Arrivals, Departures Udon Thani Airport Live Flight Status |publisher=Netmobius |accessdate=9 March 2021}} Bangkok airports only.

Udon Thani railway station in the city centre receives four trains daily from Bangkok railway station (Hua Lamphong) including overnight sleepers.

Economy

Mining

Asia Pacific Potash Corporation (APPC), a wholly owned subsidiary of Italian-Thai Development PLC, owns the concession to the Udon North and Udon South potash mines and plans to develop them. Potash deposits in northeast Thailand are believed to contain the world's third-largest—after Canada and Russia—unexploited potash reserves. Potash is one of the main components of agricultural fertilizer.

Climate

Udon Thani has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification Aw). Winters are fairly dry and very warm. Temperatures rise until April, which is hot with the average daily maximum at 36.2 °C. The monsoon season runs from late-April through early-October, with heavy rain and somewhat cooler temperatures during the day, although nights remain warm. The range of reliably recorded temperatures in the city is from 2.5 °C to 44.1 °C.

|location = Udon Thani (1991–2020, extremes 1951-present) |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |collapsed = |Jan record high C = 37.6 |Feb record high C = 39.2 |Mar record high C = 42.0 |Apr record high C = 44.1 |May record high C = 43.4 |Jun record high C = 38.6 |Jul record high C = 39.8 |Aug record high C = 36.5 |Sep record high C = 36.8 |Oct record high C = 37.2 |Nov record high C = 37.0 |Dec record high C = 35.6 |year record high C = |Jan record low C = 2.5 |Feb record low C = 7.8 |Mar record low C = 11.5 |Apr record low C = 15.7 |May record low C = 20.4 |Jun record low C = 21.5 |Jul record low C = 21.2 |Aug record low C = 21.1 |Sep record low C = 21.0 |Oct record low C = 14.2 |Nov record low C = 8.4 |Dec record low C = 4.2 |year record low C = 2.5 |Jan high C = 30.3 |Feb high C = 32.7 |Mar high C = 35.2 |Apr high C = 36.5 |May high C = 35.0 |Jun high C = 33.6 |Jul high C = 32.8 |Aug high C = 32.2 |Sep high C = 32.2 |Oct high C = 32.0 |Nov high C = 31.4 |Dec high C = 29.5 | year high C = |Jan mean C = 23.1 |Feb mean C = 25.2 |Mar mean C = 28.2 |Apr mean C = 29.9 |May mean C = 29.2 |Jun mean C = 28.8 |Jul mean C = 28.3 |Aug mean C = 27.8 |Sep mean C = 27.7 |Oct mean C = 27.1 |Nov mean C = 25.3 |Dec mean C = 22.9 | year mean C = |Jan low C = 16.7 |Feb low C = 18.6 |Mar low C = 22.0 |Apr low C = 24.4 |May low C = 25.0 |Jun low C = 25.1 |Jul low C = 25.0 |Aug low C = 24.6 |Sep low C = 24.3 |Oct low C = 22.9 |Nov low C = 20.0 |Dec low C = 16.7 | year low C = |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 6.4 |Feb precipitation mm = 21.2 |Mar precipitation mm = 50.2 |Apr precipitation mm = 73.0 |May precipitation mm = 188.3 |Jun precipitation mm = 218.5 |Jul precipitation mm = 224.8 |Aug precipitation mm = 298.9 |Sep precipitation mm = 249.5 |Oct precipitation mm = 94.3 |Nov precipitation mm = 14.0 |Dec precipitation mm = 5.8 | year precipitation mm = 1444.9 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 0.9 |Feb precipitation days = 1.9 |Mar precipitation days = 3.7 |Apr precipitation days = 5.2 |May precipitation days = 12.9 |Jun precipitation days = 14.7 |Jul precipitation days = 16.1 |Aug precipitation days = 18.1 |Sep precipitation days = 14.2 |Oct precipitation days = 6.1 |Nov precipitation days = 1.2 |Dec precipitation days = 0.5 |year precipitation days = 95.5 |Jan humidity = 65.8 |Feb humidity = 62.7 |Mar humidity = 61.0 |Apr humidity = 63.3 |May humidity = 73.3 |Jun humidity = 77.5 |Jul humidity = 78.8 |Aug humidity = 81.1 |Sep humidity = 81.4 |Oct humidity = 75.1 |Nov humidity = 69.2 |Dec humidity = 67.0 | year humidity = 71.4 |Jan sun = 272.8 |Feb sun = 259.9 |Mar sun = 275.9 |Apr sun = 243.0 |May sun = 198.4 |Jun sun = 156.0 |Jul sun = 120.9 |Aug sun = 117.8 |Sep sun = 144.0 |Oct sun = 198.4 |Nov sun = 252.0 |Dec sun = 257.3 |year sun = |Jand sun = 8.8 |Febd sun = 9.2 |Mard sun = 8.9 |Aprd sun = 8.1 |Mayd sun = 6.4 |Jund sun = 5.2 |Juld sun = 3.9 |Augd sun = 3.8 |Sepd sun = 4.8 |Octd sun = 6.4 |Novd sun = 8.4 |Decd sun = 8.3 |yeard sun = 6.9 |source 1 = World Meteorological Organization,{{cite web | url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Thailand/CSV/UdonThani_48354.csv | title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020 | publisher = World Meteorological Organization | access-date = 12 October 2023}} (extremes){{cite web | url = http://climate.tmd.go.th/content/file/75 | title = Climatological Data for the Period 1981–2010 | publisher = Thai Meteorological Department | accessdate = 4 August 2016 | archive-date = 26 December 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181226035029/http://climate.tmd.go.th/content/file/75%0A | url-status = dead |source 2 = Office of Water Management and Hydrology, Royal Irrigation Department (sun 1981–2010){{cite web | url = http://water.rid.go.th/hwm/cropwater/CWRdata/ETo/ETo_PenMon_2554.pdf | title = ปริมาณการใช้น้ำของพืชอ้างอิงโดยวิธีของ Penman Monteith (Reference Crop Evapotranspiration by Penman Monteith) | publisher = Office of Water Management and Hydrology, Royal Irrigation Department | page = 43 | language = th | access-date = 1 August 2016}}

Sister cities

References

References

  1. (31 December 2019). "รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ศ.2562".
  2. "Udon Thani".
  3. (22 June 2019). "Recollections of Camp Ramasun: Life with Udon Thani GIs". The Isaan Record.
  4. (13 February 2017). "Enjoying the Vista". Bangkok Post.
  5. (2018-05-04). "CIA director Gina Haspel's Thailand torture ties". BBC News.
  6. (2008-01-25). "US and Thailand: Allies in Torture". Asia Times.
  7. (14 March 1936). "พระราชกฤษฎีกา จัดตั้งเทศบาลเมืองอุดรธานี จังหวัดอุดรธานี พุทธศักราช ๒๔๗๙". Royal Thai Government Gazette.
  8. (26 May 1953). "พระราชกฤษฎีกา เปลี่ยนเปลงเขตเทศบาลเมืองอุดรธานี จังหวัดอุดรธานี พ.ศ. ๒๔๙๖". Royal Thai Government Gazette.
  9. (30 December 1993). "พระราชกฤษฎีกา เปลี่ยนเปลงเขตเทศบาลเมืองอุดรธานี จังหวัดอุดรธานี (ฉบับที่ ๒) พ.ศ. ๒๕๓๖". Royal Thai Government Gazette.
  10. (24 September 1995). "พระราชกฤษฎีกา จัดตั้งเทศบาลนครอุดรธานี จังหวัดอุดรธานี พ.ศ. ๒๕๓๘". Royal Thai Government Gazette.
  11. (2017). "Flight status". Udon Thani Airport Guide. Netmobius publication.
  12. (2017). "Train from Bangkok to Udon Thani Schedule and Fares".
  13. "Project Location".
  14. (14 November 2017). "New push for potash mining hits opposition in Isaan". The Isaan Record.

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