Tumaco

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title: "Tumaco" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["port-cities-and-towns-in-colombia", "municipalities-of-nariño-department"] topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumaco" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
official_nameSan Andrés de Tumaco
settlement_typeMunicipality and city
mottoTumaco For Everyone
image_skyline{{multiple image
perrow1/2/2/2
borderinfobox
total_width270
image1Tumaco from Air.jpg
image2ParqueColon.jpg
image3Arco del morro tumaco.jpg
image4ParqueColón.jpg
image5CaballitoGarces.png
image6PuenteMorro.jpg
image7PlayaDelMorro.jpg
image_flagFlag of Tumaco.svg
image_sealEscudo_de_Tumaco_(Nariño).svg
image_mapColombia - Nariño - Tumaco.svg
mapsize250px
map_captionLocation of the municipality (red) of Tumaco in the Nariño Department.
pushpin_mapColombia
subdivision_typeCountry
subdivision_type1Department
subdivision_nameColombia
subdivision_name1Nariño Department
leader_titleMayor
leader_nameJulio César Rivera
established_titleFounded
established_date1640
area_total_km23612
area_urban_km211.25
population_as_of2020 est.
population_total257052
population_footnotes
population_urban86614
population_density_km2auto
population_density_urban_km2auto
population_demonymTumaquian
utc_offset−5
coordinates
elevation_m2
area_code57 + 2
website
::

| official_name = San Andrés de Tumaco | nickname = | settlement_type = Municipality and city | motto = Tumaco For Everyone | image_skyline = {{multiple image | perrow = 1/2/2/2 | border = infobox | total_width = 270 | image1 = Tumaco from Air.jpg | image2 = ParqueColon.jpg | image3 = Arco del morro tumaco.jpg | image4 = ParqueColón.jpg | image5 = CaballitoGarces.png | image6 = PuenteMorro.jpg | image7 = PlayaDelMorro.jpg | image_caption = | image_flag = Flag of Tumaco.svg | image_seal = Escudo_de_Tumaco_(Nariño).svg | image_map = Colombia - Nariño - Tumaco.svg | mapsize = 250px | map_caption = Location of the municipality (red) of Tumaco in the Nariño Department. | pushpin_map = Colombia | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_type1 = Department | subdivision_name = Colombia | subdivision_name1 = Nariño Department | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Julio César Rivera | established_title = Founded | established_date = 1640 | area_magnitude = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_total_km2 = 3612 | area_land_sq_mi = | area_land_km2 = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_urban_km2 = 11.25 | area_metro_sq_mi = | area_metro_km2 = | population_as_of = 2020 est. | population_note = | population_total = 257052 | population_footnotes = | population_metro = | population_urban = 86614 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_sq_mi = | population_density_urban_km2 = auto | population_demonym = Tumaquian | timezone = | utc_offset = −5 | coordinates = | elevation_m = 2 | elevation_ft = | area_code = 57 + 2 | website =
| footnotes = | name = Tumaco is a port city and municipality in the Nariño Department, Colombia, by the Pacific Ocean. It is located on the southwestern corner of Colombia, near the border with Ecuador, and experiences a hot tropical climate. Tumaco is inhabited mainly by Afro-descendants and some indigenous people.

Tumaco is accessible by plane from Pasto, the capital city of Nariño Department, as well as from Cali and Bogotá. It can also be reached by land via highway from Pasto and San Lorenzo (Ecuador). Tumaco is known for being the hometown of many great Colombian soccer players, including Willington Ortiz.

Colombian film director Samuel Córdoba released a documentary about the city in 2009. The film, entitled "Tumaco Pacífico", chronicles the stilt-house area of the city, predominantly populated by Afro-Colombians. Córdoba was inspired by a panoramic photo of the stilt houses he saw in a photography book on Tumaco. The film won first place at the Festival de Cine Latinoamericano de Bordeaux, in France, and was presented at the Festival Internacional de Cine, in Santiago, Chile.

Other places of interest include ecotourism sites and beaches located near the mouth of the Mira River, where the river meets the sea. Also, there are the Playas de Milagros (beaches of Miracles), and Bocananueva y Teran beaches, where visitors can experience the diversity of flora and fauna first-hand.

History

Tumaco was highly affected by the Colombian armed conflict as recently as 2011. On 17 August 2011, four soldiers from the Colombian army were killed in Tumaco by FARC-EP guerrillas from the 29th front. On 29 August 2011 five more soldiers were killed by guerrillas in the outskirts of the city, A few weeks earlier, guerrillas from the Western Bloc of the FARC-EP stormed the local prison, freeing roughly fifteen imprisoned FARC members.

On 26 September, seven people, including a local politician, were killed by unidentified gunmen in the inner city. The perpetrators also kidnapped one politician. Apart from the FARC-EP, the area was the home turf of paramilitary groups like the right-wing Los Rastrojos and the Guevarist, left-wing Ejército de Liberación Nacional.

Climate

Like all of the Colombian Pacific coast, Tumaco has a hot, rainy, overcast and humid tropical rainforest climate (Köppen Af), although it is less extreme than areas further north, with annual rainfall totalling only around 2600 mm, vis-à-vis 6900 mm at Buenaventura and 8130 mm at Quibdó. The wettest months are from January to June, and there is a rainfall trough in August opposite to northern Colombia.

|metric first=y |single line=y |collapsed = Y |location = Tumaco (Cccp Dl Pacifico), elevation 1 m, (1981–2010) |Jan high C = 29.0 |Feb high C = 29.3 |Mar high C = 29.6 |Apr high C = 29.7 |May high C = 29.4 |Jun high C = 29.2 |Jul high C = 29.1 |Aug high C = 29.1 |Sep high C = 28.9 |Oct high C = 29.0 |Nov high C = 28.8 |Dec high C = 28.8 | year high C = 29.1 |Jan mean C = 25.8 |Feb mean C = 26.1 |Mar mean C = 26.3 |Apr mean C = 26.5 |May mean C = 26.4 |Jun mean C = 26.1 |Jul mean C = 25.9 |Aug mean C = 25.9 |Sep mean C = 25.8 |Oct mean C = 25.8 |Nov mean C = 25.6 |Dec mean C = 25.7 | year mean C = 26 |Jan low C = 23.3 |Feb low C = 23.5 |Mar low C = 23.8 |Apr low C = 23.8 |May low C = 23.8 |Jun low C = 23.6 |Jul low C = 23.5 |Aug low C = 23.5 |Sep low C = 23.6 |Oct low C = 23.6 |Nov low C = 23.5 |Dec low C = 23.4 | year low C = 23.6 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 341.8 |Feb precipitation mm = 276.8 |Mar precipitation mm = 286.9 |Apr precipitation mm = 330.8 |May precipitation mm = 360.1 |Jun precipitation mm = 217.8 |Jul precipitation mm = 166.4 |Aug precipitation mm = 97.1 |Sep precipitation mm = 125.5 |Oct precipitation mm = 113.9 |Nov precipitation mm = 136.2 |Dec precipitation mm = 205.1 |year precipitation mm = 2610.6 | Jan precipitation days = 21 | Feb precipitation days = 19 | Mar precipitation days = 19 | Apr precipitation days = 21 | May precipitation days = 24 | Jun precipitation days = 22 | Jul precipitation days = 19 | Aug precipitation days = 16 | Sep precipitation days = 17 | Oct precipitation days = 15 | Nov precipitation days = 14 | Dec precipitation days = 17 | year precipitation days = 220 | Jan humidity = 88 | Feb humidity = 88 | Mar humidity = 86 | Apr humidity = 87 | May humidity = 88 | Jun humidity = 88 | Jul humidity = 87 | Aug humidity = 86 | Sep humidity = 86 | Oct humidity = 86 | Nov humidity = 87 | Dec humidity = 88 | year humidity = 87 |Jan sun = 114.7 |Feb sun = 127.0 |Mar sun = 158.1 |Apr sun = 153.0 |May sun = 124.0 |Jun sun = 111.0 |Jul sun = 130.2 |Aug sun = 142.6 |Sep sun = 105.0 |Oct sun = 108.5 |Nov sun = 99.0 |Dec sun = 105.4 |year sun = |Jand sun = 3.7 |Febd sun = 4.5 |Mard sun = 5.1 |Aprd sun = 5.1 |Mayd sun = 4.0 |Jund sun = 3.7 |Juld sun = 4.2 |Augd sun = 4.6 |Sepd sun = 3.5 |Octd sun = 3.5 |Novd sun = 3.3 |Decd sun = 3.4 |yeard sun = |source 1 = Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales{{cite web |url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1981+-+2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815025712/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios%2BClimatol%C3%B3gicos%2B%2B1981%2B-%2B2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128 |archive-date=15 August 2016 |title=Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010 |publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales |language=es |access-date= 17 June 2024 |url-status=dead}}

|metric first=y |single line=y |collapsed = Y |location = Tumaco (Mira El Gja), elevation 16 m, (1981–2010) |Jan high C = 30.0 |Feb high C = 30.6 |Mar high C = 31.1 |Apr high C = 31.0 |May high C = 30.3 |Jun high C = 29.8 |Jul high C = 29.7 |Aug high C = 29.5 |Sep high C = 29.3 |Oct high C = 29.4 |Nov high C = 29.5 |Dec high C = 29.4 | year high C = 30.0 |Jan mean C = 25.7 |Feb mean C = 26.0 |Mar mean C = 26.2 |Apr mean C = 26.2 |May mean C = 26.0 |Jun mean C = 25.4 |Jul mean C = 25.4 |Aug mean C = 25.3 |Sep mean C = 25.2 |Oct mean C = 25.3 |Nov mean C = 25.3 |Dec mean C = 25.4 | year mean C = 25.6 |Jan low C = 22.4 |Feb low C = 22.8 |Mar low C = 22.7 |Apr low C = 23.1 |May low C = 23.0 |Jun low C = 22.9 |Jul low C = 22.5 |Aug low C = 22.5 |Sep low C = 22.6 |Oct low C = 22.6 |Nov low C = 22.5 |Dec low C = 22.6 | year low C = 22.7 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 298.4 |Feb precipitation mm = 274.6 |Mar precipitation mm = 260.2 |Apr precipitation mm = 359.4 |May precipitation mm = 418.8 |Jun precipitation mm = 288.5 |Jul precipitation mm = 232.2 |Aug precipitation mm = 143.5 |Sep precipitation mm = 174.1 |Oct precipitation mm = 153.2 |Nov precipitation mm = 137.5 |Dec precipitation mm = 206.1 |year precipitation mm = 2946.6 | Jan precipitation days = 23 | Feb precipitation days = 20 | Mar precipitation days = 20 | Apr precipitation days = 23 | May precipitation days = 26 | Jun precipitation days = 23 | Jul precipitation days = 21 | Aug precipitation days = 17 | Sep precipitation days = 20 | Oct precipitation days = 20 | Nov precipitation days = 17 | Dec precipitation days = 20 | year precipitation days = 246 | Jan humidity = 88 | Feb humidity = 88 | Mar humidity = 87 | Apr humidity = 88 | May humidity = 89 | Jun humidity = 89 | Jul humidity = 89 | Aug humidity = 88 | Sep humidity = 88 | Oct humidity = 88 | Nov humidity = 89 | Dec humidity = 89 | year humidity = 88 |Jan sun = 80.6 |Feb sun = 87.5 |Mar sun = 105.4 |Apr sun = 102.0 |May sun = 83.7 |Jun sun = 60.0 |Jul sun = 83.7 |Aug sun = 77.5 |Sep sun = 57.0 |Oct sun = 65.1 |Nov sun = 57.0 |Dec sun = 65.1 |year sun = |Jand sun = 2.6 |Febd sun = 3.1 |Mard sun = 3.4 |Aprd sun = 3.4 |Mayd sun = 2.7 |Jund sun = 2.0 |Juld sun = 2.7 |Augd sun = 2.5 |Sepd sun = 1.9 |Octd sun = 2.1 |Novd sun = 1.9 |Decd sun = 2.1 |yeard sun = |source 1 = Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales{{cite web |url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1981+-+2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815025712/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios%2BClimatol%C3%B3gicos%2B%2B1981%2B-%2B2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128 |archive-date=15 August 2016 |title=Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010 |publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales |language=es |access-date= 17 June 2024 |url-status=dead}}

Economy

Tumaco's location on the coast provides it with a number of maritime-related economic activities. One of the main lines of the region's economy is artisanal fishing. Shrimp farming is one of its strengths.

In recent years there has been a development in agricultural holdings; Crops present in the area, such as African palm, dry rice, and cocoa have become mechanised. Other crops of pancoger (small plots of peasant families) are the main source of food for their population.

The cultivation of cocoa is widely used among the peasant population; Tagua is also cultivated, known as ivory nut or vegetable ivory, it is the seed of the Phytelephas macrocarpa palm and its production, although in decline in the municipality, is still high.

Another product is the African palm (Elaeis guineensis) and the commercial cultivation of crude palm oil. There are about 35,000 ha planted with African palm and 7 oil extraction plants, representing an important source of job creation for the region.

Tourism has gained important places in the economy of the municipality, the beaches of El Morro, Bocagrande and El Bajito every day attract national and foreign visitors. Tumaco is also the main Colombian oil port on the Pacific Ocean, and the second nationwide, after Coveñas. In recent years, the pipeline and the port have served to transport and export Ecuadorian oil, a situation that is reflected in the movement of its foreign trade.

Transportation

La Florida Airport serves Tumaco with flights from Cali.

Tumaco is the site of Colombia's second most important Pacific port behind Buenaventura. Due to the limited development of roads in the region, the port is the primary way of accessing several villages along the coast.

A paved, 300 km long highway connects Tumaco with the departmental capital Pasto.

Notable people

References

References

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  6. (11 July 2011). "Colombia jail break: More than dozen inmates hunted". BBC News.
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port-cities-and-towns-in-colombiamunicipalities-of-nariño-department