Tipifarnib

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Chemical compound

title: "Tipifarnib" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["farnesyltransferase-inhibitors", "imidazoles", "2-quinolones", "experimental-monoclonal-antibodies", "orphan-drugs", "3-chlorophenyl-compounds", "4-chlorophenyl-compounds"] description: "Chemical compound" topic_path: "general/farnesyltransferase-inhibitors" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipifarnib" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Chemical compound ::

| Verifiedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 376279232 | IUPAC_name = (+)-6-[(R)-Amino-(4-chlorophenyl)-(3-methylimidazol-4-yl)methyl]-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-methylquinolin-2-one | image = Tipifarnib.svg | image_class = skin-invert-image

| tradename = | pregnancy_AU = | pregnancy_US = | pregnancy_category = | legal_AU = | legal_CA = | legal_UK = | legal_US = | legal_status = Investigational | routes_of_administration =

| bioavailability = | protein_bound = | metabolism = | elimination_half-life = | excretion =

| CAS_number_Ref = | CAS_number = 192185-72-1 | ATC_prefix = None | ATC_suffix = | ATC_supplemental = | PubChem = 159324 | DrugBank_Ref = | DrugBank = DB04960 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = | ChemSpiderID = 140122 | UNII_Ref = | UNII = MAT637500A | KEGG_Ref = | KEGG = D03720 | ChEBI = 141969 | ChEMBL_Ref = | ChEMBL = 289228 | IUPHAR_ligand = 8025

| C=27 | H=22 | Cl=2 | N=4 | O=1 | molecular_weight = | smiles = CN1C(=O)C=C(c2cccc(Cl)c2)c3cc(ccc13)C@(c4ccc(Cl)cc4)c5cncn5C | StdInChI_Ref = | StdInChI = 1S/C27H22Cl2N4O/c1-32-16-31-15-25(32)27(30,18-6-9-20(28)10-7-18)19-8-11-24-23(13-19)22(14-26(34)33(24)2)17-4-3-5-21(29)12-17/h3-16H,30H2,1-2H3/t27-/m1/s1 | StdInChIKey_Ref = | StdInChIKey = PLHJCIYEEKOWNM-HHHXNRCGSA-N | synonyms = R115777

Tipifarnib (INN, proposed trade name Zarnestra) is a farnesyltransferase inhibitor. Farnesyltransferase inhibitors block the activity of the farnesyltransferase enzyme by inhibiting prenylation of the CAAX tail motif, which ultimately prevents Ras from binding to the membrane, rendering it inactive.

History

The compound was discovered by Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C, with registration number R115777.

For treatment of progressive plexiform neurofibromas associated with neurofibromatosis type I, it passed phase I clinical trials but was suspended (NCT00029354) in phase II.

Tipifarnib was submitted to the FDA by Johnson & Johnson for the treatment of AML in patients aged 65 and over with a new drug application (NDA) to the FDA on January 24, 2005. In June 2005, the FDA issued a "not approvable" letter for tipifarnib.

Kura Oncology in-licensed tipifarnib from Janssen in 2014.

Investigations

Cancer

The inhibitor is being investigated in patients with HRAS mutant head and neck cancer, peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). It was previously tested in clinical trials in patients in certain stages of breast cancer. It was also investigated as a treatment for multiple myeloma.

Progeria

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Progeria20132-300.jpg" caption="Confocal microscopy photographs of the descending aortas of two 15-month-old progeria mice, one untreated (left picture) and the other treated with the farnsyltransferase inhibitor drug tipifarnib (right picture). The microphotographs show prevention of the vascular smooth muscle cell loss that is otherwise rampant by this age. Staining was smooth muscle alpha-actin (green), lamins A/C (red) and DAPI (blue). (Original magnification, ×40)"] ::

It was shown on a mouse model of Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome that dose-dependent administration of tipifarnib can significantly prevent both the onset of the cardiovascular phenotype as well as the late progression of existing cardiovascular disease.

References

References

  1. "International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances (INN). Recommended International Nonproprietary Names (Rec. INN): List 46". World Health Organization.
  2. (April 2015). "Targeting RAS Membrane Association: Back to the Future for Anti-RAS Drug Discovery?". Clinical Cancer Research.
  3. {{ClinicalTrialsGov. NCT00025454. R115777 in Treating Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors
  4. {{ClinicalTrialsGov. NCT00029354. R115777 to Treat Children With Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and Progressive Plexiform Neurofibromas
  5. (Jun 30, 2005). "Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C. Receives Not Approvable Letter From FDA for Tipifarnib Based on Phase II Data".
  6. (12 March 2015). "Kura sheds stealth mode with $60M for PhII cancer drug licensed from J&J {{!}} FierceBiotech".
  7. (November 2011). "Multi-institutional phase 2 study of the farnesyltransferase inhibitor tipifarnib (R115777) in patients with relapsed and refractory lymphomas". Blood.
  8. {{ClinicalTrialsGov. NCT02383927. Phase II Study of Tipifarnib in Squamous Head and Neck Cancer With HRAS Mutations
  9. {{ClinicalTrialsGov. NCT02464228. Study of Tipifarnib in Subjects With Relapsed or Refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma (PTCL)
  10. {{ClinicalTrialsGov. NCT02779777. Tipifarnib in Subjects With Myelodysplastic Syndromes
  11. {{ClinicalTrialsGov. NCT02807272. Tipifarnib in Subjects With Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
  12. (April 2009). "Phase II trial of tipifarnib plus neoadjuvant doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide in patients with clinical stage IIB-IIIC breast cancer". Clinical Cancer Research.
  13. (May 2004). "Farnesyltransferase inhibitor tipifarnib is well tolerated, induces stabilization of disease, and inhibits farnesylation and oncogenic/tumor survival pathways in patients with advanced multiple myeloma". Blood.
  14. (October 2008). "A farnesyltransferase inhibitor prevents both the onset and late progression of cardiovascular disease in a progeria mouse model". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

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farnesyltransferase-inhibitorsimidazoles2-quinolonesexperimental-monoclonal-antibodiesorphan-drugs3-chlorophenyl-compounds4-chlorophenyl-compounds