Tabas

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City in South Khorasan province, Iran

title: "Tabas" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["cities-in-south-khorasan-province", "populated-places-in-tabas-county", "oases-of-iran", "populated-places-destroyed-by-earthquakes"] description: "City in South Khorasan province, Iran" topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabas" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary City in South Khorasan province, Iran ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
nameTabas
native_name
native_name_langfa
settlement_typeCity
image_skylineامامزاده.jpg
image_captionHosein Ibn Mosa Alkazem's Shrine in Tabas
pushpin_mapIran
coordinates
coordinates_footnotes
subdivision_typeCountry
subdivision_nameIran
subdivision_type1Province
subdivision_name1South Khorasan
subdivision_type2County
subdivision_name2Tabas
subdivision_type3District
subdivision_name3Central
unit_prefMetric
elevation_min_m660
elevation_max_m730
population_footnotes
population_as_of2016
population_total39676
population_density_km2auto
timezoneIRST
utc_offset+3:30
website
::

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Tabas () is a city in the Central District of Tabas County, South Khorasan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

History

Early history

The history of Tabas dates back to pre-Islamic times. It was an important outpost of the Sassanid empire.

Due to its strategic location at the edge of the Great Salt Desert, and at the confluence of many roads, the geographer al-Baladhuri called the city "the Gate of Khurasan". In the early Islamic period it was known as Tabas al-Tamr () due to a large forest of date palms that grew there, and later as Tabas Gilaki after a famous governor of the city, Abu'l-Hasan ibn Muhammad Gilaki, who in the mid-11th century had pacified the region. Along with the town of Tabas-e Masina further east, it gave its name to the local district, Tabasayn. In the 10th–11th centuries, the town is described as well fortified, with several villages around. Medieval and geographers note that it was amply supplied with water due to underground wells; the town even featured hot baths, and extensive lemon and orange plantations. In the late 11th century, it became part of the Nizari Ismaili state, and was besieged by the Seljuk Turks under Ahmad Sanjar in 1102.

Tabas was spared when the Mongols attacked Iran. It had a local government incorporating not only Tabas but also Ferdows and Gonabad. After the death of Nader Shah in 1747, it as under the control of the Zangu'i Arabs as an independent state which included nearby Tun. For a time they even kidnapped Nader Mirza Afshar and placed the Kurds of Khabushan in control of Mashhad.

Earthquake of 1978

Main article: 1978 Tabas earthquake

In 1978, the 7.4 Tabas earthquake affected the city with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). At least 15,000 people were killed. Since then, the city has been rebuilt with many new streets, parks and public buildings.

Operation Eagle Claw

Main article: Operation Eagle Claw

The failed rescue American operation Operation Eagle Claw on 24–25 April 1980 to free American hostages in Tehran occurred near Tabas in Tabas Country about 127km southwest of Tabas town by the road to Yazd location (33.07020674739667;55.89196171977231). In Iran, the operation is called amaliat tabas (Tabas operation), and the significance and aftermath of the failed operation made the city Tabas known in almost every corner of Iran. The Tabas air defense system is accordingly named so.

Administrative changes

At first, Tabas County was part of Khorasan province. It became a part of Yazd province in 2001, joining South Khorasan province in 2013.

Demographics

Language

The people of Tabas speak a Khorasani accent of Persian that sounds somewhat different from the standard Iranian version ("Tehrani accent").

Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 30,681 in 7,962 households, when it was in Yazd province. The following census in 2011 counted 35,150 people in 9,903 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 39,676 people in 11,876 households, by which time the county had been separated from the province to join South Khorasan province.

Geography

Location

Tabas is in central Iran, 950 kilometers southeast of Tehran, in South Khorasan Province.

It is a desert city with many date and citrus trees. It has a 300-year-old public garden (Bagh-e-Golshan). There is also a shrine in Tabas that is visited every year by thousands of pilgrims. Tabas has two universities with 2,500 to 3,500 students. The city has hot summers, and people rarely see a winter snowfall.

Climate

Tabas has a hot desert climate (Köppen BWh). The record high temperature of 50.0 °C (122.0 °F) was recorded on July 25, 2025. | location = Tabas (1991-2020) | single line = yes | metric first = yes | Jan record high C = 24.0 | Feb record high C = 31.0 | Mar record high C = 39.0 | Apr record high C = 43.0 | May record high C = 46.0 | Jun record high C = 48.5 | Jul record high C = 50.0 | Aug record high C = 49.7 | Sep record high C = 45.3 | Oct record high C = 41.0 | Nov record high C = 33.7 | Dec record high C = 27.3 | year record high C = | Jan high C = 14.7 | Feb high C = 18.2 | Mar high C = 23.9 | Apr high C = 30.6 | May high C = 36.4 | Jun high C = 41.7 | Jul high C = 43.3 | Aug high C = 41.5 | Sep high C = 38.0 | Oct high C = 31.5 | Nov high C = 22.8 | Dec high C = 16.5 | year high C = 29.9 | Jan mean C = 8.3 | Feb mean C = 11.4 | Mar mean C = 16.9 | Apr mean C = 23.6 | May mean C = 29.7 | Jun mean C = 34.8 | Jul mean C = 36.5 | Aug mean C = 34.5 | Sep mean C = 30.0 | Oct mean C = 23.4 | Nov mean C = 15.3 | Dec mean C = 9.7 | year mean C = 22.8 | Jan low C = 3.6 | Feb low C = 6.1 | Mar low C = 11.1 | Apr low C = 17.2 | May low C = 22.9 | Jun low C = 27.4 | Jul low C = 29.5 | Aug low C = 27.4 | Sep low C = 22.6 | Oct low C = 16.7 | Nov low C = 9.9 | Dec low C = 5.0 | year low C = 16.6 | Jan record low C = -6.4 | Feb record low C = -4.2 | Mar record low C = -0.2 | Apr record low C = 4.2 | May record low C = 12.0 | Jun record low C = 18.6 | Jul record low C = 23.4 | Aug record low C = 18.8 | Sep record low C = 12.6 | Oct record low C = 7.8 | Nov record low C = -5.9 | Dec record low C = -5.2 | year record low C = | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation mm = 15.3 | Feb precipitation mm = 13.8 | Mar precipitation mm = 19.0 | Apr precipitation mm = 13.1 | May precipitation mm = 3.8 | Jun precipitation mm = 0.2 | Jul precipitation mm = 0.0 | Aug precipitation mm = 0.1 | Sep precipitation mm = 0.0 | Oct precipitation mm = 0.9 | Nov precipitation mm = 4.4 | Dec precipitation mm = 11.0 | year precipitation mm = 81.6 | unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm | Jan precipitation days = 3.0 | Feb precipitation days = 2.8 | Mar precipitation days = 3.2 | Apr precipitation days = 2.5 | May precipitation days = 0.8 | Jun precipitation days = 0.1 | Jul precipitation days = 0.0 | Aug precipitation days = 0.0 | Sep precipitation days = 0.0 | Oct precipitation days = 0.2 | Nov precipitation days = 1.5 | Dec precipitation days = 2.2 | year precipitation days = 16.3 | Jan humidity = 50 | Feb humidity = 42 | Mar humidity = 35 | Apr humidity = 27 | May humidity = 20 | Jun humidity = 14 | Jul humidity = 14 | Aug humidity = 14 | Sep humidity = 15 | Oct humidity = 22 | Nov humidity = 34 | Dec humidity = 47 | year humidity = 27.8 | Jan dew point C =-2.5 | Feb dew point C =-2.4 | Mar dew point C =-0.8 | Apr dew point C =1.7 | May dew point C =2.7 | Jun dew point C =2.2 | Jul dew point C =3.4 | Aug dew point C =2.6 | Sep dew point C =-0.2 | Oct dew point C =-0.7 | Nov dew point C =-1.5 | Dec dew point C =-2.1 | Jan sun = 211 | Feb sun = 210 | Mar sun = 239 | Apr sun = 268 | May sun = 322 | Jun sun = 358 | Jul sun = 371 | Aug sun = 361 | Sep sun = 321 | Oct sun = 292 | Nov sun = 232 | Dec sun = 215 | year sun = 3400 | source 1 = NOAA NCEI{{cite web | url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/4.4/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Iran/CSV/Tabas_40791.csv | title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020 | publisher = World Meteorological Organization | access-date = 2 August 2023}} |source 2 = Ogimet}}

|width = auto |location = Tabas |collapsed = yes |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 13.6 |Feb high C = 17.2 |Mar high C = 23.0 |Apr high C = 29.4 |May high C = 35.3 |Jun high C = 40.7 |Jul high C = 42.2 |Aug high C = 40.5 |Sep high C = 37.1 |Oct high C = 30.6 |Nov high C = 22.6 |Dec high C = 15.6 |year high C = |Jan mean C = 7.7 |Feb mean C = 10.9 |Mar mean C = 16.3 |Apr mean C = 22.4 |May mean C = 28.1 |Jun mean C = 33.0 |Jul mean C = 35.0 |Aug mean C = 33.0 |Sep mean C = 28.8 |Oct mean C = 22.6 |Nov mean C = 15.4 |Dec mean C = 9.4 |Jan low C = 1.8 |Feb low C = 4.6 |Mar low C = 9.5 |Apr low C = 15.4 |May low C = 20.9 |Jun low C = 25.3 |Jul low C = 27.7 |Aug low C = 25.4 |Sep low C = 20.5 |Oct low C = 14.6 |Nov low C = 8.2 |Dec low C = 3.3 |year low C = |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 16.0 |Feb precipitation mm = 14.2 |Mar precipitation mm = 16.8 |Apr precipitation mm = 12.6 |May precipitation mm = 4.1 |Jun precipitation mm = 0.2 |Jul precipitation mm = 0.1 |Aug precipitation mm = 0.0 |Sep precipitation mm = 0.0 |Oct precipitation mm = 1.4 |Nov precipitation mm = 3.9 |Dec precipitation mm = 12.9 |Jan humidity = 57 |Feb humidity = 48 |Mar humidity = 39 |Apr humidity = 33 |May humidity = 26 |Jun humidity = 19 |Jul humidity = 19 |Aug humidity = 19 |Sep humidity = 21 |Oct humidity = 28 |Nov humidity = 39 |Dec humidity = 52 |year humidity = |Jan precipitation days = 3 |Feb precipitation days = 2 |Mar precipitation days = 2 |Apr precipitation days = 1 |May precipitation days = 0 |Jun precipitation days = 0 |Jul precipitation days = 0 |Aug precipitation days = 0 |Sep precipitation days = 0 |Oct precipitation days = 0 |Nov precipitation days = 1 |Dec precipitation days = 2 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |source 1 = https://irimo.ir}}

Economy

Agricultural products

The agricultural products of this desert city are very significant. Products such as: oranges, pistachios, dates, persimmons, summer fruits and daffodils; Also, tea bread, chickpea bread, and jams that are prepared from agricultural products, such as: spring orange jam, balang jam, orange peel jam, and Tabas mountain and local liqueurs.

Mines

Tabas has some of the richest coal mines of Iran.

The 2024 Tabas coal mine explosion in the Tabas Parvadeh 5 Mine claimed at least 51 lives.

Transportation

Multiple bus lines, a railroad station and an airport connect Tabas to Mashhad, Yazd, Tehran, Kerman and Birjand (the capital city of South Khorasan province).

Notable people

Gallery

File:Pelikan234.jpg|Golshan Garden File:گلدسته امامزاده کاظم در طبس.jpg File:داخل باغ گلشن3.JPG|Golshan Garden

Notes

References

pnb:شہرستان طبس

References

  1. ((OpenStreetMap contributors)). (12 November 2024). "Tabas, Tabas County".
  2. {{GEOnet3. -3086556
  3. Habibi, Hassan. (c. 2015). "Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the divisions of Khorasan province, centered in Mashhad". Ministry of the Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council.
  4. {{Lands of the Eastern Caliphate
  5. Malcolm, Sir John. (1829). "The History of Persia: From the Most Early Period to the Present Time". Murray.
  6. Noelle-Karimi, Christine. (2014). "The Pearl in Its Midst: Herat and the Mapping of Khurasan (15th-19th Centuries)". Austrian Academy of Sciences Press.
  7. (2003). "Operation Eagle Claw". SAGE Publications, Inc..
  8. [[:fa:عملیات طبس]]
  9. Adel, Gholam Ali Haddad. (c. 2020). "The law of division of Khorasan province into three provinces". Islamic Council.
  10. Rahimi, Mohammad Reza. (19 December 2013). "Approval letter regarding the abstraction of Tabas County from Yazd province and its annexation to South Khorasan province". Ministry of the Interior, Council of Ministers.
  11. "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): Yazd Province". The Statistical Center of Iran.
  12. "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): Yazd Province". The Statistical Center of Iran.
  13. "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): South Khorasan Province". The Statistical Center of Iran.
  14. Samira. (18 January 2019). "Bagh-e-Golshan".
  15. "Islamic Azad University Tabas - {{!}} Admission {{!}} Tuition {{!}} University".
  16. (12 August 2025). "July keeps the torrid pace going in one of Earth’s hottest years on record". [[Yale School of the Environment]].
  17. . (28 April 2025). ["40791: Tabas (Iran, Islamic Republic of)"](https://www.ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=40791&ndays=31&ano=2025&mes=04&day=28&hora=09&ord=REV&enviar=Ver). *OGIMET*.
  18. . (22 May 2025). ["40791: Tabas (Iran, Islamic Republic of)"](https://www.ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=40791&ndays=31&ano=2025&mes=05&day=22&hora=09&ord=REV&enviar=Ver). *OGIMET*.
  19. . (3 July 2025). ["40791: Tabas (Iran, Islamic Republic of)"](https://www.ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=40791&ndays=31&ano=2025&mes=07&day=3&hora=09&ord=REV&enviar=Ver). *OGIMET*.
  20. Group, Baniboom. "Tabas - Tabas City Ecotourist and Tourist and Sights list".
  21. (2020-04-05). "Visit Tabas Tourist Attractions, Historical & Natural {{!}} Destination Iran".

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

cities-in-south-khorasan-provincepopulated-places-in-tabas-countyoases-of-iranpopulated-places-destroyed-by-earthquakes