Syringomycin E

Quality 0.50 · 0 views · Updated 2 months ago

title: "Syringomycin E" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["plant-toxins", "cyclic-peptides"] topic_path: "general/plant-toxins" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syringomycin_E" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

| ImageFile = SyringomycinE.png | ImageSize = 320 | ImageAlt = | IUPACName = | OtherNames = |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | CASNo = 124888-22-8 | ChemSpiderID = 28296139 | EINECS = | PubChem = 16219978 | StdInChI=1S/C53H85ClN14O17/c1-3-5-6-7-8-12-17-30(70)25-39(72)60-37-28-85-52(84)40(38(71)26-54)67-50(81)41(42(73)51(82)83)68-46(77)31(14-4-2)61-47(78)35(24-29-15-10-9-11-16-29)65-43(74)32(18-13-23-59-53(57)58)62-44(75)33(19-21-55)63-45(76)34(20-22-56)64-48(79)36(27-69)66-49(37)80/h9-11,14-16,30,32-38,40-42,69-71,73H,3-8,12-13,17-28,55-56H2,1-2H3,(H,60,72)(H,61,78)(H,62,75)(H,63,76)(H,64,79)(H,65,74)(H,66,80)(H,67,81)(H,68,77)(H,82,83)(H4,57,58,59)/b31-14-/t30?,32-,33-,34-,35-,36-,37-,38+,40-,41+,42?/m0/s1 | StdInChIKey = YMFYPHGOLKNWQN-WMJMADPPSA-N | SMILES = CCCCCCCCC(CC(=O)N[C@H]1COC(=O)C@@HC@@HO)O |Section2={{Chembox Properties | Formula = C53H85ClN14O17 | MolarMass = 1225.78 | Appearance = white solid | Density = | MeltingPt = | BoilingPt = | Solubility = }} |Section3={{Chembox Hazards | MainHazards = | FlashPt = | AutoignitionPt = }}

Syringomycin E is a member of a class of lipodepsinonapeptide molecules that are secreted by the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. Lipodepsinonapeptides comprise a closed ring of nine nonribosomally synthesized amino acids bonded to a fatty acid hydrocarbon tail. A commonly encountered pathovar (pv) of P. syringae is P. syringae pv syringae, which secretes a number of closely related forms of the molecule. Syringomycins are virulence determinants, which means that their secretion is required for the manifestation of disease symptoms on a number of stone fruit crop plants.

Syringomycins have two widely recognized mechanisms of action. They can function as detergents which are powerful enough to dissolve plant membranes at high concentrations. It is not clear whether concentrations high enough to dissolve membranes are ever reached in planta. In addition to being surfactants, aggregates of syringomycins can insert into plant cell membranes and form small pores. These pores allow the leakage of ions from the plant cell cytoplasm. Affected plant cells are unable to maintain their required levels of electrolyte and ultimately cell death and lysis occurs. It is believed that P. syringae benefits from the release of nutrients that occurs as a consequence of cellular lysis.

The biosynthesis of this class of molecules has been elucidated.

References

References

  1. Scholz-Schroeder B.K., Soule J.D., and Gross D. C. 2003. The sypA, sypS, and sypC synthetase genes encode twenty-two modules involved in the nonribosomal peptide synthesis of syringopeptin by ''Pseudomonas syringae'' pv. ''syringae'' B301D. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. '''16''':271-80
  2. Hutchison, M. L., Tester, M. A., and Gross D. C. 1995. Role of biosurfactant and ion channel-forming activities of syringomycin in transmembrane ion flux: A model for the mechanism of action in the plant-pathogen interaction. Mol. Pl. Microb. Interact. '''8''':610-620.
  3. Blasiak, L. C., Vaillancourt, F. d. r. H., Walsh, C. T., Drennan, C. L., "Crystal structure of the non-haem iron halogenase SyrB2 in syringomycin biosynthesis", Nature 2006, 440, 368. {{doi. 10.1038/nature04544

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

plant-toxinscyclic-peptides