Svaliava

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City in Zakarpattia Oblast, Ukraine

title: "Svaliava" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["cities-in-zakarpattia-oblast", "spa-towns-in-ukraine", "cities-of-district-significance-in-ukraine", "holocaust-locations-in-ukraine"] description: "City in Zakarpattia Oblast, Ukraine" topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svaliava" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary City in Zakarpattia Oblast, Ukraine ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

Field	Value
settlement_type	City
timezone	CET
utc_offset	+1
timezone_DST	CEST
utc_offset_DST	+2
official_name	Svaliava
native_name	Свалява
image_skyline	Svaliava Aerial View 2019.jpg
image_caption	View of Svaliava
image_flag	Svalava_flag.PNG
image_shield	Svalyava_gerb.png
map_caption	Map of Zakarpattia Oblast with Svaliava.
subdivision_type	Country
subdivision_name
subdivision_type1	Oblast
subdivision_name1	Zakarpattia Oblast
subdivision_type2	Raion
subdivision_name2	Mukachevo Raion
established_title	Founded
established_date	12th century
established_title1	Incorporated
established_date1	1957
leader_title	Mayor
leader_name	Ivan Lanyo
population_as_of	2022
population_total	17068
population_density_km2	auto
pushpin_map	Ukraine Zakarpattia Oblast#Ukraine
pushpin_label_position
pushpin_map_caption	Location of Svaliava
coordinates
elevation_m
postal_code_type	Postal code
postal_code	89300
area_code	+380-3133
blank_name_sec1	Climate
blank_info_sec1	Dfb
website	http://www.svalyava.org/
subdivision_type3	Hromada
subdivision_name3	Svaliava urban hromada
::

Svaliava (, ) is a city located on the Latorytsia River in Zakarpattia Oblast in western Ukraine. It was the administrative center of the former Svaliava Raion (district) until its abolition in 2020, now it is located in Mukachevo Raion. Population:

Etymology

Due to the city's complex history, there are also alternative names for it in other languages, including:

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Although the name of the city is similar to the Gothic swaljawa meaning "swallow", the etymology of the name Svalyava comes from the Slavic roots Zolva, Solyava, Solva, meaning "salt". Its origin dates back to ancient times, when salt from the Marmaros County was transported to neighboring regions.

Demographics

The 2001 census officially identified more than 94% of the population.

Ukrainians 94.5%
Russians 1.5%
Hungarians 0.7%
Slovaks 0.6%

History

Swaljawa was first mentioned in the 12th century as a small settlement of a Hungarian feudal lord. In the 18th century, the village was annexed to the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and was called Schwalbach. These lands later passed to the Count of Schönborn and his descendants. Gradually, Swaljawa became a multinational town with a significant part of the population being ethnic Germans.

According to the census of 1910, 47.1% of the population was Greek Catholic, 26.2% Jewish and 22.9% Roman Catholic. The Jewish population was deported to Auschwitz after the German occupation of Hungary, in May 1944, and most of them was murdered there.

After the Second World War a concentration camp was working near the town. Hungarian and German-born civilians (born between 1896, and 1926) were carried off by Soviet forces to the camp purely on the basis of their nationality. They were ordered to report for "malenkij robot" (a corrupted Russian for "small work"), but most of them – more than 20 thousand deportees were killed in the deathcamp after being subjected to various tortures (no water for days, glass powder mixed into their food). A further 50 000, or so Hungarians (not only men, but also women and children) were deported from Szolyva to the Soviet Union or Galicia. They were later exterminated. The site of the camp is now a memorial park established in 1994.

Gallery

File:Wooden church in Svaliava, Zakarpatska oblast.jpg|St. Nicholas Church File:Svaliava (Szolyva) synagogue.jpg|Synagogue in Svaliava File:Svaliava,former synagogue,now-bakery.JPG|Former synagogue, now a bakery File:Svaliava, former synagogue (01).jpg|Former synagogue File:Svaliava,jewish cemetery.JPG|Jewish cemetery File:Szolyva 12.jpg|Memorial park

References

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::