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Stephen B. Levine

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Stephen Barrett Levine (born 1942) is an American psychiatrist and professor. He is known for his thesis that gender dysphoria and being transgender are often caused by psychological issues that should be treated psychoanalytically rather than with gender-affirming care. He co-founded Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine's Gender Identity Clinic in 1974, served as the chair of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) drafting committee for the 5th edition of their Standards of Care (SOC-5) published 1998, and served on the American Psychiatric Association (APA) DSM-IV (1994) Subcommittee on Gender Identity Disorders.