Spurdog

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Genus of sharks

title: "Spurdog" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["squalus", "extant-campanian-first-appearances", "animal-taxa-named-by-carl-linnaeus"] description: "Genus of sharks" topic_path: "general/squalus" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spurdog" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Genus of sharks ::

| name = Spurdogs | fossil_range = Campanian to Present{{cite journal | last = Sepkoski | first = J.J.Jr | title = A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Genera | journal = Bulletins of American Paleontology | volume = 363 | pages = 1–560 | year = 2002 | url =http://strata.geology.wisc.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=575&rank=class | image = Squalus_acanthias2.jpg | image_caption = Spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) | taxon = Squalus | authority = Linnaeus, 1758 | type_species = Squalus acanthias | type_species_authority = Linnaeus, 1758 | synonyms =

  • Squalis Radermacher, 1779 (Missp.)
  • Acanthorhinus de Blainville, 1816
  • Acanthias Leach, 1818
  • Flakeus Whitley, 1939
  • Koinga Whitley, 1939

Squalus is a genus of dogfish sharks in the family Squalidae. Commonly known as spurdogs, these sharks are characterized by smooth dorsal fin spines, teeth in upper and lower jaws similar in size, caudal peduncle with lateral keels; upper precaudal pit usually present, and caudal fin without subterminal notch. In spurdogs, the hyomandibula (the bone connecting the braincase to the jaws) is oriented at a right angle to the neurocranium, while in other sharks, the hyomandibula runs more parallel to the body. This led some to think that the upper jaw of Squalus would not be as protractile as the jaws of other sharks. However, a study that compared different jaw suspension types in sharks showed that this is not the case and that Squalus is quite capable of protruding its upper jaw during feeding.

The name comes from squalus, the Latin for shark; this word is the root for numerous words related to sharks such as squaline and scientific names for sharks, such as the order Squaliformes.

Species

Currently, 33 recognized species are placed in this genus:

File:Spiny dogfish.jpg|Squalus suckleyi File:Squalus altipinnis.jpg|Squalus altipinnis File:Squalus blainville.jpg|Squalus blainville File:Squalus bucephalus JNC2621 Body.JPG|Squalus bucephalus File:Squalus chloroculus.jpg|Squalus chloroculus File:Squalus crassispinus.jpg|Squalus crassispinus File:Squalus cubensis eits.jpg|Squalus cubensis File:Squalus megalops.jpg|Squalus megalops File:Squalus melanurus JNC2719 Body.JPG|Squalus melanurus File:HutoTZ.jpg|Squalus mitsukurii

References

References

  1. [https://www.zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/fdc38a6a-2af0-45cc-a232-d4443e412ea2 ZooBank: ''Acanthias'' Leach, 1818]
  2. [https://www.zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/67730d84-00b8-4127-94fb-0a63adcda3c4 ZooBank: ''Flakeus'' Whitley, 1939]
  3. [https://www.zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/c3b75939-91bc-4225-9c97-c768aff2a8b0 ZooBank: ''Koinga'' Whitley, 1939]
  4. Wilga, C.D., Motta, P.J. & Sanford, C.P. (2007): Evolution and ecology of feeding in elasmobranchs. ''Integrative and Comparative Biology, 47 (1): 55-69.''
  5. Viana, S.T.d.F., Carvalho, M.R.d. & Gomes, U.L. (2016): Taxonomy and morphology of species of the genus ''Squalus'' Linnaeus, 1758 from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes: Squalidae). ''Zootaxa'', 4133 (1): 1–89.
  6. "''Squalus hima'' Sweta & Bineesh, 2024".
  7. (2020-10-06). "Squalus shiraii sp. nov. (Squaliformes, Squalidae), a new species of dogfish shark from Japan with regional nominal species revisited". Zoosystematics and Evolution.

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squalusextant-campanian-first-appearancesanimal-taxa-named-by-carl-linnaeus