Soyuz 36
Crewed flight of the Soyuz programme
title: "Soyuz 36" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["crewed-soyuz-missions", "1980-in-the-soviet-union", "1980-in-hungary", "hungary–soviet-union-relations", "spacecraft-launched-in-1980", "spacecraft-which-reentered-in-1980", "spacecraft-launched-by-soyuz-u-rockets"] description: "Crewed flight of the Soyuz programme" topic_path: "general/crewed-soyuz-missions" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz_36" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary Crewed flight of the Soyuz programme ::
::data[format=table title="Infobox spaceflight"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | Soyuz 36 |
| insignia | Soyuz36 patch.png |
| COSPAR_ID | 1980-041A |
| SATCAT | 11811 |
| mission_duration | 65 days, 20 hours, 54 minutes, 23 seconds |
| spacecraft_type | Soyuz 7K-T |
| manufacturer | NPO Energia |
| launch_mass | 6800 kg |
| launch_date | UTC |
| launch_rocket | Soyuz-U |
| launch_site | Baikonur 31/6 |
| landing_date | UTC |
| landing_site | 140 km SE of Dzhezkazgan |
| crew_size | 2 |
| crew_launching | Valeri Kubasov |
| Bertalan Farkas | |
| crew_landing | Viktor Gorbatko |
| Pham Tuân | |
| crew_callsign | Орион (Orion - "Orion") |
| orbit_reference | Geocentric |
| orbit_regime | Low Earth |
| orbit_periapsis | 197.5 km |
| orbit_apoapsis | 281.9 km |
| orbit_inclination | 51.62 degrees |
| orbit_period | 89.0 minutes |
| apsis | gee |
| docking_target | Salyut 6 |
| docking_type | dock |
| docking_port | Aft port |
| docking_date | May 27, 1980, 19:56 UTC |
| undocking_date | July 04, 1980, 16:39 UTC |
| time_docked | |
| docking_target | Salyut 6 |
| docking_type | redock |
| docking_port | Front port |
| docking_date | July 04, 1980, 17:09 UTC |
| undocking_date | July 31, 1980, 11:55 UTC |
| time_docked | |
| previous_mission | Soyuz 35 |
| next_mission | Soyuz T-2 |
| programme | Soyuz programme |
| (Crewed missions) | |
| :: |
| name = Soyuz 36 | image = | image_caption = | insignia = Soyuz36 patch.png
| mission_type = | operator = | COSPAR_ID = 1980-041A | SATCAT = 11811 | mission_duration = 65 days, 20 hours, 54 minutes, 23 seconds | distance_travelled = | orbits_completed =
| spacecraft = | spacecraft_type = Soyuz 7K-T | manufacturer = NPO Energia | launch_mass = 6800 kg | landing_mass =
| launch_date = UTC | launch_rocket = Soyuz-U | launch_site = Baikonur 31/6
| landing_date = UTC | landing_site = 140 km SE of Dzhezkazgan
| crew_size = 2 | crew_launching = Valeri Kubasov Bertalan Farkas | crew_landing = Viktor Gorbatko Pham Tuân | crew_callsign = Орион (Orion - "Orion") | crew_photo = | crew_photo_caption =
| orbit_epoch = | orbit_reference = Geocentric | orbit_regime = Low Earth | orbit_periapsis = 197.5 km | orbit_apoapsis = 281.9 km | orbit_inclination = 51.62 degrees | orbit_period = 89.0 minutes | apsis = gee
| docking = | docking_target = Salyut 6 | docking_type = dock | docking_port = Aft port | docking_date = May 27, 1980, 19:56 UTC | undocking_date = July 04, 1980, 16:39 UTC | time_docked = | docking_target = Salyut 6 | docking_type = redock | docking_port = Front port | docking_date = July 04, 1980, 17:09 UTC | undocking_date = July 31, 1980, 11:55 UTC | time_docked =
| previous_mission = Soyuz 35 | next_mission = Soyuz T-2 | programme = Soyuz programme (Crewed missions)
Soyuz 36 (, Union 36) was a 1980 Soviet crewed space flight to the Salyut 6 space station. It was the 11th mission to and ninth successful docking at the orbiting facility. The Soyuz 36 crew were the first to visit the long-duration Soyuz 35 resident crew.
Soyuz 36 carried Valery Kubasov and Bertalan Farkas, the first Hungarian cosmonaut, into space. They swapped Soyuz craft with the long-duration crew and returned to Earth in Soyuz 35; a later crew used their craft to return to Earth.
Crew
|crew = prime |terminology = cosmonaut |position1 = Commander |crew1_up = Valery Kubasov |flights1_up = Third and last |position2 = Research cosmonaut |crew2_up = Bertalan Farkas |flights2_up = Only |agency2_up = Interkosmos |crew1_down = Viktor Gorbatko |flights1_down = Third and last |crew2_down = Pham Tuân |flights2_down = Only |agency2_down = Interkosmos |crew = backup |terminology = Cosmonaut |position1 = Commander |crew1_up = Vladimir Dzhanibekov |position2 = Research cosmonaut |crew2_up = Béla Magyari
Mission parameters
- Mass: 6800 kg
- Perigee: 197.5 km
- Apogee: 281.9 km
- Inclination: 51.62°
- Period: 89.0 minutes
Mission highlights
Soyuz 36 was launched on 26 May 1980 with Valery Kubasov and Hungarian cosmonaut Bertalan Farkas, headed to the Salyut 6 space station where Leonid Popov and Valery Ryumin, launched aboard Soyuz 35, were resident.{{cite book | last = Clark | first = Phillip | title = The Soviet Manned Space Program | url = https://archive.org/details/sovietmannedspac0000clar | url-access = registration | year= 1988 | isbn = 0-517-56954-X | publisher = Orion Books, a division of Crown Publishers, Inc. | location = New York | pages = 119–120 | last = Newkirk | first = Dennis | title = Almanac of Soviet Manned Space Flight | year = 1990 | pages = 211–212 | isbn = 0-87201-848-2 | publisher = Gulf Publishing Company | location = Houston, Texas
Upon boarding, the visiting crew carried out Hungarian experiments, so many that the visiting crew sometimes only got three hours of sleep. One experiment was Pille, which measured radiation doses received by the crew with miniature thermoluminescent devices attached to their clothing and to the walls of the station. Another three experiments studied the formation of interferon in human cells under weightless conditions. Earth resources work using the on-board cameras were carried out, in coordination with ground crews, airplanes and helicopters.
Farkas was said by the Hungarian press to have adjusted far quicker than Kubasov to the weightless conditions.
The Soyuz craft was used to boost the station's orbit on 29 May, then Kubasov and Farkas swapped Soyuz craft with the long-duration crew, exchanging seat liners, pressure suits and personal items, before departing the station in Soyuz 35 on 3 June and landed 140 km southeast of Dzhezkazgan. The Soyuz 36 spacecraft was later used to return the crew of Soyuz 37 to earth.
References
References
- [http://www.spacefacts.de/english/e_relocations.htm Relocations of Manned Spacecraft]
- The mission report is available here: http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-36.htm
::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::