Sool

Quality 0.50 · 2 views · Updated 2 months ago

Region of Somalia

title: "Sool" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["sool", "regions-of-somaliland"] description: "Region of Somalia" topic_path: "general/sool" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sool" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Region of Somalia ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
nameSool
native_nameso
ar
settlement_typeRegion
image_skylineThe National Archives UK - CO 1069-8-36.jpg
image_captionDervish fort in Taleh
image_mapSool in Somalia.svg
mapsize250px
map_captionLocation in Somalia
mapsize1250px
pushpin_mapSomalia#Horn of Africa#Africa
pushpin_map_captionLocation within Somalia##Location within the Horn of Africa##Location within Africa
pushpin_relief1
subdivision_typeCountry
subdivision_nameSomaliland (partial control up to Oog)
seat_typeAdministrative centre
seatLas Anod
leader_titleGovernor (disputed)
leader_nameOsman Fiidyow
area_total_km239240
population_as_of2019
population_total618,600
population_density_km2auto
timezoneEAT
utc_offset+3
iso_codeSO-SO
blank_name_sec2HDI (2021)
blank_info_sec20.338
· 8th of 18
::

| name = Sool | official_name = | native_name = so ar | other_name = | nickname = | motto = | settlement_type = Region | image_skyline = The National Archives UK - CO 1069-8-36.jpg | image_caption = Dervish fort in Taleh | image_flag = | image_seal = | image_shield = | image_map = Sool in Somalia.svg | mapsize = 250px | map_caption = Location in Somalia | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = 250px | map_caption1 = | pushpin_map = Somalia#Horn of Africa#Africa | pushpin_map_caption = Location within Somalia##Location within the Horn of Africa##Location within Africa | pushpin_relief = 1 | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Somaliland (partial control up to Oog)

Somalia (mostly controlled) | seat_type = Administrative centre | seat = Las Anod | government_type = | leader_title = Governor (disputed) | leader_name = Osman Fiidyow | established_title = | established_date = | area_total_km2 = 39240 | population_as_of = 2019 | population_note = | population_total = 618,600 | population_density_km2 = auto | timezone = EAT | utc_offset = +3 | coordinates = | latm = | elevation_m = | iso_code = SO-SO | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = | blank_name_sec2 = HDI (2021) | blank_info_sec2 = 0.338 · 8th of 18 | website =

Sool (, ) is a disputed administrative region (gobol). ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Landscape_near_present-day_Las_Anod_before_settlement.png" caption="Open landscape near present-day Las Anod."] ::

It borders Togdheer to the west, Sanaag to the north, Ethiopia to the south, and Nugal and Bari to the east. Its capital city is Las Anod. The region is disputed by the self-declared Republic of Somaliland and the North Eastern State (SSC-Khatumo), where the North Eastern State controls the majority up to the city of Oog, where the Aynabo district starts and is governed by Somaliland. Puntland also claims the region, but has not demonstrated their supposed control.

History

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/British_Somaliland_Districts.jpg" caption="url-status=live }}"] ::

From 1944 to 1974, the Sool region was formerly Las Anod district. It was one of three districts under British protection. The other two districts were the Burao and hargeysa districts.

In 1974 most Sool was part of the larger Nugaal region, with its capital at Garowe. It was established as a separate region in 1984 with its capital at Las Anod.{{cite web |title=Somalia (1988) |url=http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/somalia.jpg |date=December 1988 |publisher=CIA |access-date=21 February 2007 |archive-date=1 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401150117/http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/somalia.jpg |url-status=live

Main article: Somaliland-Puntland dispute

Las Anod conflict

Main article: Las Anod conflict (2023–present)

Due to the prolonged conflict between Somaliland and Puntland, many Dhulbahante and Warsangeli living in the region did not recognize the Sool region and eastern Sanaag, as either Somaliland or Puntland. On 5 January 2023, Somaliland forces withdrew from Las Anod after mass civil unrest in the city. On October 19, the government of Somalia recognized the state of SSC-Khaatumo as a federal member. Since the defeat of Somaliland troops in the base in Goojacde, much of Sool has been under the control of SSC-Khatumo.

Demographics

|caption=Cities, towns and villages in Sool. |places=

The Eastern part of the Sool region is almost exclusively inhabited by Dhulbahante. Michael Walls reports: ::quote "The residents of Sool overwhelmingly hail from a single clan grouping in the form of the Dhulbahante [...]. Sool boasts a degree of kinship homogeneity that is rare even in the Somali Horn". The Habr Je'lo clan of the Isaaq clan-family make up the vast majority of the population in western Sool, including the region's second largest town Aynaba, as well as the wider Aynaba District.

The Habr Yunis sub-division of the Garhajis Isaaq also inhabit the western parts of Hudun and Las Anod districts in northern Sool.

The Dhulbahante sub-division of the Harti Darod clan primarily inhabits the Taleh, eastern Hudun and Las Anod districts in eastern Sool. The Fiqishini sub-clan of the Habar Gidir Hawiye integrated into Baho Nugaaled Dhulbahante, inhabit the area around Adhi'adeye as well as fiqishini.

==Districts== The Sool region consists of 4 districts: Caynabo, Xudun, Taleex and Laas Canood.

==Villages==

==Maps==

Somaliland-Sool Region.svg|Detailed map File:Somali Civil War Map on the 5th October 2024.svg|Military situation in Somalia and Somaliland as of December 2024

==See also==

*Administrative divisions of Somaliland *Regions of Somaliland *Districts of Somaliland *Somalia–Somaliland border

==References==

==External links== *Administrative map of Sool

[[Category:Sool| ]] [[Category:Regions of Somaliland]] ::

References

  1. (28 January 2022). "Sool Governor Abdikarim Adan Haji Diriye in yagoori conference.".
  2. (24 February 2022). "Gudomiyaha Gobalka sool Abdikarin Haji Diiriye koormeray taliska sool.".
  3. "Somalia: Subdivision and cities".
  4. "ISO 3166 — Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions". International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
  5. "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab".
  6. (2022-04-20). "Detailed Site Assessment (DSA): Sool region, Somaliland (March 2022)". reliefweb.int.
  7. "European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) Sool".
  8. (2023-10-18). "On the Horizon: October 2023-March 2024 Crisis Group".
  9. "Puntland rejects SSC-Khaatumo administration, citing legal grounds".
  10. "Development map, roads, 1944".
  11. "Development map, roads, 1944".
  12. Ahmed M. Musa. (2021). "Lasanod: City at the margins".
  13. (2023-01-31). "February Alerts and January Trends 2023".
  14. (19 October 2023). "Somali Federal Government Recognizes New SSC-Khatumo Administration". Horseed Media.
  15. (25 August 2023). "Somalia: SSC Forces Capture Somaliland's Goojacade military Base". Horseed Media.
  16. "The political development of Somaliland and its conflict with Puntland". Institute for Security Studies.
  17. (2006). "Political identity, emerging state structures and conflict in northern Somalia". Journal of Modern African Studies.
  18. "Somaliland vs. Puntland over the future of Somalia". Horn of Africa Bulletin.
  19. "Somaliland: The Strains of Success".
  20. "Sool Region: sovereign ambiguity vs a geopolitical system of nation-states?". Africa Research Institute.
  21. Renders, Marleen. (2012). "Consider Somaliland : state-building with traditional leaders and institutions". BRILL.
  22. (February 2016). "EASO Country of Origin Information Report - Somalia Security Situation".
  23. (February 2016). "EASO Country of Origin Information: Report Somalia Security Situation". European Asylum Support Office.
  24. "Sool Region: sovereign ambiguity vs a geopolitical system of nation-states?". Africa Research Institute.
  25. "Somaliland vs. Puntland over the future of Somalia". Horn of Africa Bulletin.
  26. "The political development of Somaliland and its conflict with Puntland". Institute for Security Studies.
  27. Höhne, Markus Virgil. (2015). "Between Somaliland and Puntland : marginalization, militarization and conflicting political vision".
  28. Political Orientations and Repertoires of Identification: State and Identity Formation in Northern Somalia, 2011, Markus Hoehne, p. 285, "Schlee (1994 [1989]: 223) confirmed that... Fiqishiini ’."
  29. (2016-05-11). "Waqtiga Celeema saarka Sultaanka Beesha FIQISHINI oo la shaaciyey.". halgan.net.
  30. (2016-05-17). "Qaban-Qaabada Suldaanka Beesha Fiqishini Oo Laga Dareemayo Degmada Laascaanood Iyo Wufuud Kusii Qulqulaysa Adhicadeeye". laascaanood.com.
  31. "Sool Region".

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

soolregions-of-somaliland