Silay

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Component city in Negros Occidental, Philippines

title: "Silay" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["silay", "cities-in-negros-occidental", "metro-bacolod", "populated-places-established-in-1760", "1760-establishments-in-the-philippines", "component-cities-in-the-philippines"] description: "Component city in Negros Occidental, Philippines" topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silay" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Component city in Negros Occidental, Philippines ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
name
image_skylineSan Diego Pro-Cathedral.JPG
image_captionSan Diego Pro-cathedral
image_flagFlag_of_Silay,_Negros_Occidental.png
flag_size120x80px
image_sealPh seal negros occidental silay.png
seal_size100x80px
image_map
map_caption
mapframeyes
pushpin_mapPhilippines
pushpin_label_positionleft
pushpin_map_captionLocation within the
coordinates
settlement_type
subdivision_typeCountry
subdivision_namePhilippines
subdivision_type1Region
subdivision_name1
subdivision_type2Province
subdivision_name2
official_name
etymology
named_forCratoxylum sumatranum (locally called Kansilay)
nicknames"The Paris of Negros"
"The Visayan Marseille"
anthemSilaynon Song
subdivision_type3District
subdivision_name3
established_titleFounded
established_date1565
established_title1Cityhood
established_date1June 12, 1957
parts_typeBarangays
parts_stylepara
p116 (see Barangays)
leader_titleMayor
leader_nameJoedith C. Gallego
leader_title1Vice Mayor
leader_name1Thomas Maynard J. Ledesma (Ind)
leader_title2Representative
leader_name2Javier Miguel L. Benitez (PFP)
leader_title3City Council
leader_name3{{PH Town Council
1Andrew John D. Penuela
2Darryl F. Hinolan
3Lorenzo Luiz L. Locsin
4Michael S. Maravilla
5Jose J. Lopez, Jr.
6Michael Thomas D. Velez
7Romela J. Amoroso
8Chris Paolo L. Tiongco
9Lyndon Q. Bernardo
10James Anthony Marie M. Golez
leader_title4Electorate
leader_name4voters ([electorate_point_in_time}} Philippine general election
government_type
government_footnotes
elevation_m
elevation_max_m1398
elevation_min_m0
elevation_footnotes
area_footnotes
area_total_km2
population_footnotes
population_total
population_as_of
population_density_km2auto
population_blank1_titleHouseholds
population_blank1
population_demonymSilaynon
timezonePST
utc_offset+8
postal_code_typeZIP code
postal_code, 6117 (Silay Hawaiian Central)
postal2_code_type
postal2_code
area_code_type
area_code
website
demographics_type1Economy
demographics1_title1
demographics1_info1
demographics1_title2Poverty incidence
demographics1_info2% ()
demographics1_title3Revenue
demographics1_info3
demographics1_title4Revenue rank
demographics1_title5Assets
demographics1_info5
demographics1_title6Assets rank
demographics1_title7IRA
demographics1_title8IRA rank
demographics1_title9Expenditure
demographics1_info9
demographics1_title10Liabilities
demographics1_info10
demographics_type2Service provider
demographics2_title1Electricity
demographics2_info1
demographics2_title2Water
demographics2_title3Telecommunications
demographics2_title4Cable TV
blank_name_sec1
blank_info_sec1
blank1_name_sec1Native languages
blank1_info_sec1
blank2_name_sec1Crime index
blank1_name_sec2Major religions
blank2_name_sec2Feast date
blank3_name_sec2Catholic diocese
blank4_name_sec2Patron saint
::

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| demographics1_title4 = Revenue rank | demographics1_info4 = | demographics1_title5 = Assets | demographics1_info5 =
| demographics1_title6 = Assets rank | demographics1_info6 = | demographics1_title7 = IRA | demographics1_info7 = | demographics1_title8 = IRA rank | demographics1_info8 = | demographics1_title9 = Expenditure | demographics1_info9 =
| demographics1_title10 = Liabilities | demographics1_info10 =
| demographics_type2 = Service provider | demographics2_title1 = Electricity | demographics2_info1 = | demographics2_title2 = Water | demographics2_info2 = | demographics2_title3 = Telecommunications | demographics2_info3 = | demographics2_title4 = Cable TV | demographics2_info4 = | demographics2_title5 = | demographics2_info5 = | demographics2_title6 = | demographics2_info6 = | demographics2_title7 = | demographics2_info7 = | demographics2_title8 = | demographics2_info8 = | demographics2_title9 = | demographics2_info9 = | demographics2_title10 = | demographics2_info10 = | blank_name_sec1 = | blank_info_sec1 = | blank1_name_sec1 = Native languages | blank1_info_sec1 = | blank2_name_sec1 = Crime index | blank2_info_sec1 = | blank3_name_sec1 = | blank3_info_sec1 = | blank4_name_sec1 = | blank4_info_sec1 = | blank5_name_sec1 = | blank5_info_sec1 = | blank6_name_sec1 = | blank6_info_sec1 = | blank7_name_sec1 = | blank7_info_sec1 = | blank1_name_sec2 = Major religions | blank1_info_sec2 = | blank2_name_sec2 = Feast date | blank2_info_sec2 = | blank3_name_sec2 = Catholic diocese | blank3_info_sec2 = | blank4_name_sec2 = Patron saint | blank4_info_sec2 = | blank5_name_sec2 = | blank5_info_sec2 = | blank6_name_sec2 = | blank6_info_sec2 = | blank7_name_sec2 = | blank7_info_sec2 = | short_description = | footnotes =

Silay, officially the City of Silay (; ), is a component city in the province of Negros Occidental, Philippines. According to the , it has a population of people.

Silay is often referred to as the "Paris of Negros" due to its artists, cultural shows and large collection of perfectly preserved heritage houses. More than thirty of these houses have been declared by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines as part of the Silay National Historical Landmark. In 2015, the city celebrated its 58th charter anniversary.

Etymology

The appellation Silay is derived from the name of a native tree which grew abundantly in the area. The kansilay is the city's official tree.

The Legend of Princess Kansilay

A local legend tells of how Silay City got its name. It is said that in the days of the datus and rajahs, there once lived a princess named Kansilay. An attack on the settlement by pirates was thwarted when the princess bravely led the people in the village's defense. The fight was furious and the princess fought like a seasoned warrior. Murals that used to grace some of the city's public buildings depict her as a fierce fighter wielding a huge talibong, a short native single-edged sword. The pirates were routed, but at the cost of the princess' life. Her paramour arrived in time to see her die. In grief, the people lovingly buried her. To their surprise, a tree grew right over her grave, the first Kansilay tree, a final gift from the brave princess.

History

Spanish colonization

Silay was first settled in 1565, under the name "Carobcob", which means "to scratch" in Kinaray-a; residents of the settlement relied upon harvesting tuway clams, which involved "scratching" (or raking) the sands for the mollusks at low tide, as a means of livelihood. In early writings, the settlement was also referred to as "Calubcub", "Caracol" and "Caraco". The last two variations mean "snail" or a "spiral" in Spanish. Carobcob was built near the mouth of a creek; nothing is left of the village today. Carobcob was granted as an encomienda to Cristobal Nuñez Paroja, one of the seventeen soldiers of Miguel López de Legazpi on January 25, 1571.

In the second half of the century, Moro slave raiders escalated their incursions on the large island, forcing the Corregidor of Negros to adopt the policy of flight rather than resistance. People left their homes sometime in 1760 and settled in a new location between two small rivers, Matagoy and Panaogao. A paloisades or estacada (Spanish for "palisade" or "stockade") was constructed to protect the populace from Moro raiders. The place is now known as Sitio Estaca, its name derived from the Spanish word estacada.

In 1760, Silay was recognized as a town being referred to in a letter from Governor Juan Jose de Mijares (1772–1775) mentioning Silay as a leading town in the north. In 1776, the bishop of Cebu considered Silay as the center of the parish. In 1760, it became a pueblo or town. By 1896, it had become a leading sugar-producing area because of the Horno Economico (sugar mill) built in 1846 by a Frenchman who became a permanent resident of Silay, Yves Leopold Germain Gaston.

Negros Revolution

Main article: Negros Revolution

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Balay_Negrense.JPG" caption="[[Balay Negrense]] on Cinco de Noviembre Street"] ::

With the outbreak of the Revolution of 1896 came a division between the sugarcane planters of Silay and the clergy. Some planters and clergy supported the rebels while others were against the revolution. On November 5, 1898, at about 2:00 in the afternoon, residents of Silay gathered in the street corner now known as Cinco de Noviembre Street and from there they proceeded to the Spanish garrison near the Catholic Church. The encounter was bloodless. The Spanish civil guard commander, Lt. Maximiano Correa, refused to surrender. After negotiations with the revolutionaries mediated by Juan Viaplana, a local Spaniard, the Spanish garrison did surrender. A Philippine flag was raised for the first time at the Silay plaza later that afternoon. Aniceto Lacson became president after the signing of the terms of surrender. Timoteo Unson and the group of Silay residents then marched south to join forces with some residents of Talisay for an attack on Bacolod, the capital.

World War II

On the slopes of Mt. Silay lies Patag, the site of Imperial Japan's last stand in Negros during World War II. In 1945, U.S. military forces landed in the island. The occupying forces of the Nagano Detachment of the Imperial Japanese Army retreated to Silay and proceeded up Mt. Silay to Patag. There, they established a defensive position. Military forces of the Philippine Commonwealth and soldiers of the U.S. 40th Infantry Division proceeded up the slopes of Mt. Silay with help from Filipino soldiers of the 7th, 72nd and 75th Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and Negrense guerrilla fighters and defeated the Japanese defenders. Today, the site is marked by a monument dedicated to the efforts which led to the liberation of the island of Negros.

Post-World War II

Cityhood

Main article: Cities of the Philippines

On June 12, 1957, Silay was converted into a city, by virtue of Republic Act 1621.

Culture

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Maria_Ledesma_Golez_Heritage_House_Front_view.jpg" caption="Golez Heritage House"] ::

Silay City had been known in the past as the "Paris of Negros" and the "cultural and intellectual hub of Negros" due to the residents' love for knowledge and works of art, and its collection of heritage mansions built during the height of the Philippine sugar industry's success, of which Negros was the very center. Most notable among these houses is Balay Negrense, the mansion of the son of the first Negrense sugar baron, Yves Leopold Germain Gaston and the Hofileña Ancestral House built by Manuel Severino Hofileña for his wife, former Miss Silay Gilda Ledesma Hojilla.

On June 7, 2003, Silay City became the first local government unit in the Republic of the Philippines to hold a referendum through a People's Initiative approving the 2003 annual executive budget.

Today, Silay City is listed by the Department of Tourism as one of its 25 tourist destinations in the Philippines. It is considered the seat of arts, culture and ecotourism in the Negros Island Region.

Kabataang Silay Ensemble Rondalla

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/KSE_Rondalla.jpg" caption="KSE Rondalla"] ::

The Kabataang Silay Ensemble Rondalla (KSE) is a rondalla group based in Silay. Through its more than 20-year history, KSE has won several regional and national musical competitions and has represented the Philippines in a number of international music festivals. Over the years, it has expanded its repertoire from folk and traditional music to classical, contemporary, pop and modern under the able leadership of conductor Jegger C. Anjao.

Hugyaw Kansilay Festival

Every 12th day of June, the city celebrates their annual festival called Hugyaw Kansilay Festival. The theme is derived from the story of Kansilay, which is also the origin of the city's name. The festival reflects the growth of Silay; from a lowly pueblo to a city that can hold its own among the country's best. The city's festival dance depicts the setting, characters, plot, sub-plots, conflict, climax and the story of the Legend of Kansilay.

Geography

Silay is part of the metropolitan area called Metro Bacolod, which includes the cities of Bacolod (the metropolitan center) and Talisay. It has a sizable commercial and fishing port and is the site of the new Bacolod–Silay International Airport, which replaced the old Bacolod City Domestic Airport. It is 14 km from Bacolod.

Barangays

Silay is politically subdivided into 16 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

  • Barangay I (Poblacion) (Urban Division)
  • Barangay II (Poblacion) (Urban Division)
  • Barangay III (cinco de Noviembre) (Poblacion) (Urban Division)
  • Barangay IV (Poblacion) (Urban Division)
  • Barangay V (Poblacion) (Urban Division)
  • Barangay VI (Poblacion) (Hawaiian) (Rural Division)
  • Eustaquio Lopez (Rural Division)
  • Guimbala-on (Rural Division)
  • Guinhalaran (Urban Division)
  • Kapitan Ramon (Rural Division)
  • Lantad (Rural Division)
  • Mambulac (Urban Division)
  • Rizal (Urban Division)
  • Bagtic (Rural Division)
  • Patag (Rural Division)
  • Balaring (Rural Division)

Climate

| location = Silay | width = auto | metric first = Yes | single line = Yes | Jan high C = 28 | Jan low C = 23 | Feb high C = 29 | Feb low C = 23 | Mar high C = 30 | Mar low C = 23 | Apr high C = 32 | Apr low C = 24 | May high C = 32 | May low C = 25 | Jun high C = 31 | Jun low C = 25 | Jul high C = 30 | Jul low C = 25 | Aug high C = 29 | Aug low C = 24 | Sep high C = 29 | Sep low C = 24 | Oct high C = 29 | Oct low C = 24 | Nov high C = 29 | Nov low C = 24 | Dec high C = 28 | Dec low C = 23 | Jan precipitation mm = 57 | Feb precipitation mm = 37 | Mar precipitation mm = 41 | Apr precipitation mm = 42 | May precipitation mm = 98 | Jun precipitation mm = 155 | Jul precipitation mm = 187 | Aug precipitation mm = 162 | Sep precipitation mm = 179 | Oct precipitation mm = 188 | Nov precipitation mm = 114 | Dec precipitation mm = 78 | Jan rain days = 12.0 | Feb rain days = 7.7 | Mar rain days = 9.2 | Apr rain days = 10.2 | May rain days = 19.5 | Jun rain days = 24.6 | Jul rain days = 26.9 | Aug rain days = 25.1 | Sep rain days = 25.5 | Oct rain days = 25.2 | Nov rain days = 18.0 | Dec rain days = 13.0 | source 1 = Meteoblue | url = https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/historyclimate/climatemodelled/silay_philippines_1686501 | title = Silay: Average Temperatures and Rainfall | publisher = Meteoblue | access-date = May 7, 2020 }} | date = May 7, 2020 }}

Demographics

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Food_Hall_Magikland.jpg" caption="[[Magikland]], the first outdoor theme park in the Visayas"] ::

| align= none | title= Population census of | 1903 = | 1918 = | 1939 = | 1948 = | 1960 = | 1970 = | 1975 = | 1980 = | 1990 = | 1995 = | 2000 = | 2007 = | 2010 = | 2015 = | 2020 = | 2024 = | 2030 = | footnote= Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

Economy

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Silay_sugar_plantation_from_air_(Silay,_Negros_Occidental;_11-01-2022).jpg" caption="Sugar plantation in Silay"] ::

Negros Occidental Convention Center

Eugenio Jose Lacson led the groundbreaking of the 2-story multipurpose PHP1.03 billion Negros Occidental Convention Center in Silay. It was Mayor Albee Benitez who initiated the project near the Bacolod-Silay Airport. His brother 3rd District Rep. Jose Francisco Benitez certified the center as green building for conferences, cultural events, and social gatherings.

Transportation

Airports

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Bacolod-Silay_Airport_(Silay,_Negros_Occidental;_11-01-2022).jpg" caption="The [[Bacolod–Silay International Airport]] terminal building"] ::

Main article: Bacolod–Silay International Airport

The Bacolod–Silay International Airport, serves the whole Metro Bacolod area and surrounding places. The P4.37-billion airport is capable of handling all-weather and night-landing operations. Its 2,000-meter (6,600 ft.) long and 45-meter (148 ft.) wide primary runway, and 678-meter by 23-meter taxiways can accommodate Airbus A320 family-size aircraft, and the Boeing 737, while the apron can hold five aircraft at any one time. The runway runs in a direction of 03°/21°. Provisions for a 500 m expansion of the present runway in order to accommodate even larger airplanes like the Airbus A330, Airbus A340 and Boeing 747 are now in place. The airport is expected to be the primary entrance by air to Negros Island Region.

Silay is 50 minutes by air from Manila, 30 minutes by air from Cebu, 1 hour by air from Cagayan de Oro and 37.2 minutes by air from General Santos. Commercial airlines operating in the Bacolod–Silay International Airport are Philippine Airlines, Cebu Pacific Air, PAL Express, and Philippines AirAsia.

Education

In Silay City, there are 31 schools that are officially listed by the city's Department of Education.

Public schools

Elementary

  • Silay South Elementary School
  • Silay North Elementary School
  • Governor Emilio Gaston Memorial Elementary School
  • Barangay Mambulac Elementary School
  • Guinhalaran Integrated School
  • Balaring Elementary School
  • Don Estaquio Hofileña Memorial School
  • Villa Miranda Elementary School
  • Estaquio Lopez Elementary School
  • Don Homero Hilado Tanpinco Elementary School
  • Patag Elementary School
  • Silay SPED Center (Elementary)
  • Salvacion Elementary School
  • Emiliano Lizares Elementary School
  • Hinicayan Elementary School
  • Hawaiian-Philippine Company Elementary School
  • Santo Rosario Elementary School
  • La Purisima Concepcion Elementary School

High schools

  • Doña Montserrat Lopez Memorial High School
  • Barangay E Lopez National High School
  • Barangay Guimbalaon National High School
  • Don Felix T. Lacson Memorial National High School
  • Doña Montserrat Lopez Memorial High School HPCO Extension
  • Doña Montserrat Lopez Memorial High School Patag Extension
  • Doña Montserrat Lopez Memorial High School Santo Rosario Extension
  • Don Albino and Doña Dolores Jison Integrated School
  • Lantawan Integrated School
  • Don Serafin L. Golez Memorial Integrated School
  • Napilas Integrated School
  • Sibato Integrated School
  • Violeta Integrated School
  • Silay SPED Center
  • Guinhalaran Integrated School

Private schools

  • St. Theresita's Academy
  • Silay Institute
  • Cinco De Noviembre Learning Center
  • Faith Christian Academy-Silay Incorporated
  • St. Francis of Assisi of Silay Foundation Inc.
  • San Diego Study Center
  • Silay Hope Baptist Academy
  • L'ecole Silay

Gallery

File:7-11 Silay City.JPG|The Josefina T. Lacson Ancestral House, renowned for the 7/11 leasing underneath the clan residence. File:Hofilena Museum.JPG|The Hofileña Ancestral House is the first museum in the city to open in public. File:Dr. Jose Corteza Locsin Heritage House.jpg|Dr. Jose Corteza Locsin Ancestral House is one of the ancestral houses in the city. It was the domicile of the late Sen. Jose C. Locsin. File:Bernandino Jalandoni Ancestral House, Silay City, Negros Occidental.JPG|The Bernandino Jalandoni Ancestral House or also known as the "pink house, is one of the museums in the city. File:JoseRizalStatue.jpeg|A Dr. Jose Rizal statue is located at the Silay City Public Plaza. File:Smallest Doll In The World.jpeg|The smallest doll in the world can be found in Hofileña Ancestral House. File:Balay Negrense.JPG|The Balay Negrense is the most visited museum in the city. File:San Diego Pro-Cathedral, Silay, Negros Occidental.jpg|The San Diego Pro-Cathedral is the only church in the province that has a dome. File:Angel Ledesma House aka Green House in October 2024.jpg|Angel Ledesma House, one of the hundred-year-old houses in Silay City File:Alejandro Amechazura Ancestral House.jpg|The Alejandro Amechazura Residence

Sister cities

Silay City has been twinned with the following cities:

Local

International

Notable people

Main article: List of people from Negros Occidental

References

References

  1. {{DILG detail
  2. "Silay City – Negros Occidental Provincial Government".
  3. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (July 1990). "Declaring a Portion of Silay City, Negros Occidental, A National Historical Landmark".
  4. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (October 30, 1990). "Amending Resolution No. 2, s. 1990, Dated July 1990, Declaring a Portion of Silay City, Negros Occidental, A National Historical Landmark".
  5. Pacete, Severino. (June 9, 2015). "Silaynons who made Silay". SunStar.
  6. Sa-onoy, Modesto. (2006). "Parroquia de San Diego". Today Printers and Publishers.
  7. (2015-05-27). "Kabataang Silay Rondalla Ensemble and Marsiling Chinese Orchestra Share the Stage in “Love Across the Ocean II” in Singapore - Embassy of the Philippines in Singapore".
  8. Ver. F. Pacete. (June 4, 2016). "Kansilay Festival Dance". Sunstar.
  9. "Building Globally Competitive Metro Areas in the Philippines".
  10. (July 12, 2024). "NegOcc poised to become convention hub with landmark facility". [[Philippine News Agency]].
  11. (July 13, 2024). "P1-B convention center to rise in Silay City". [[The Manila Times]].
  12. (September 2, 2008). "Silay City celebrates Tourism Month". Philippine Information Services.

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silaycities-in-negros-occidentalmetro-bacolodpopulated-places-established-in-17601760-establishments-in-the-philippinescomponent-cities-in-the-philippines