Shōrō
Bell towers in Japan
title: "Shōrō" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["japanese-architectural-features", "japanese-buddhist-architecture", "bell-towers", "shinto-architecture", "traditional-east-asian-architecture"] description: "Bell towers in Japan" topic_path: "arts" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shōrō" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary Bell towers in Japan ::
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The two main types of bell tower in Japan The shōrō, shurō or kanetsuki-dō is the bell tower of a Buddhist temple in Japan, housing the temple's bonshō. It can also be found at some Shinto shrines which used to function as temples (see article Shinbutsu shūgō), as for example Nikkō Tōshō-gū. Two main types exist, the older hakamagoshi, which has walls, and the more recent fukihanachi or fukinuki, which does not.
History
During the Nara period (710–794), immediately after the arrival of Buddhism in Japan bell towers were 3 x 2 bay, 2 storied buildings. A typical temple garan had normally two, one to the left and one to the right of the kyōzō (or kyō-dō), the sūtra repository. An extant example of this style is Hōryū-ji's Sai-in Shōrō in Nara (see photo in the gallery).
During the following Heian period (794–1185) was developed a new style called hakamagoshi which consisted of a two storied, hourglass-shaped building with the bell hanging from the second story. The earliest extant example is Hōryū-ji's Tō-in Shōrō (see photo in the gallery).
Finally, during the 13th century the fukihanachi type was created at Tōdai-ji by making all structural parts visible. The bell tower in this case usually consists of a 1-ken wide, 1-ken high structure with no walls and having the bell at its center (see photo above). Sometimes the four pillars have an inward inclination called uchikorobi. After the Nara period, in which temple layout was rigidly prescribed after the Chinese fashion, the position of the bell tower stopped being prescribed and began to change temple by temple. Roofs are either gabled or hip-and-gable.
Gallery
Chion-in bell 1 by MShades in Kyoto.jpg|Great Bell at Chion-in Gousyouzi 11.jpg|Goshoji-Temple Horyuji-L0337.jpg|Hōryū-ji's Sai-in Shōrō, an example of Nara period bell tower Horyu-ji37s3200.jpg|Hōryū-ji's Tō-in Shōrō, a typical hakamagoshi type Takidani-hudoumyououji-syourou.jpg|Takidani-hudōmyōō-ji Shōrō Todaiji shoro.jpg|Tōdai-ji's bell tower, an example of the fukihanachi type, although much larger than the average Komyoji01s3200.jpg|Sometimes the bell is installed in the rōmon. 崇福寺 (岐阜市)-鐘楼soufukuji007.jpg| Taipei City Tone-Wa Tample Bell tower.jpg|shōrō in Taipei, Taiwan. 臨濟護國禪寺舊鐘樓山門.jpg|shōrō in Taipei, Taiwan.
References
References
- (April 10, 1990). "Nihon Kenchiku-shi". Shōwa-dō.
- "Shourou". JAANUS.
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