Sebezh

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Town in Pskov Oblast, Russia

title: "Sebezh" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["cities-and-towns-in-pskov-oblast"] description: "Town in Pskov Oblast, Russia" topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebezh" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Town in Pskov Oblast, Russia ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox Russian town"]

Field	Value
en_name	Sebezh
ru_name	Себеж
image_skyline	Sebezh.JPG
image_caption	Panorama of Sebezh
coordinates
map_label_position	right
image_coa	Coat of Arms of Sebezh.svg
federal_subject	Pskov Oblast
federal_subject_ref
adm_district_jur	Sebezhsky District
adm_district_jur_ref
adm_ctr_of	Sebezhsky District
adm_ctr_of_ref
inhabloc_cat	Town
inhabloc_cat_ref
mun_district_jur	Sebezhsky Municipal District
mun_district_jur_ref
urban_settlement_jur	Sebezh Urban Settlement
urban_settlement_jur_ref
mun_admctr_of1	Sebezhsky Municipal District
mun_admctr_of1_ref
mun_admctr_of2	Sebezh Urban Settlement
mun_admctr_of2_ref
pop_2010census	6375
pop_2010census_ref
established_date	1414
established_title	First mentioned
established_date_ref
current_cat_date	1772
current_cat_date_ref
postal_codes	182250, 182251, 182299
dialing_codes	81140
::

Sebezh () is a town and the administrative center of Sebezhsky District in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located in a picturesque setting between Lakes Sebezhskoye and Orono 189 km south of Pskov, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:

History

::quote

|title=Historical affiliations |fontsize=85% |quote=Alex K Grundwald flags 1410-03.svg Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1414–1535 Lob flag moskovskiy.svg Grand Duchy of Moscow 1535–1547 Flag of Oryol (variant).svg Tsardom of Russia 1547–1618 Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1618–1772 Russian Empire 1772–1917 Russia Russian Republic 1917 Flag of Russian SFSR (1918-1937).svg Soviet Russia 1917–1922 Soviet Union 1922–1991 Russian Federation 1991–present It was first mentioned in 1414 as a fortress protecting Pskov from the south, when Vytautas of Lithuania sacked it. In 1535 it was captured by Muscovy. Prince Ivan Shuysky built a wooden fortress there in 1535. In the 16th century, the fortress defended the Western approaches to the Grand Duchy of Moscow. In 1581, King Stephen Báthory of Poland demanded the restoration of Siebież from Muscovy to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, but to no avail, however Lithuanian and Polish troops recaptured it during the Polish–Muscovite War of 1605–1618 and held it until the First Partition of Poland. The fortifications of Sebezh, now dismantled, were reinforced at the behest of Peter the Great during the Great Northern War. The castle hill is still dominated by the Roman Catholic Church, built in 1625-1648 and reconsecrated as a Russian Orthodox Church in 1989. ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Siebiež,_Vialikaja._Себеж,Вялікая(1901-18).jpg" caption="Sebezh before 1918"] ::

From 1802 to 1924, Sebezh was the seat of Sebezhsky Uyezd of Vitebsk Governorate. In 1897, the ethnic make-up, by mother tongue, was 59.3% Jewish, 22.8% Belarusian, 14.3% Russian, and 2.8% Polish. On August 1, 1927, the uyezds and governorates were abolished and Sebezhsky District, with the administrative center in Sebezh, was established as a part of Velikiye Luki Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. It included parts of former Sebezhsky Uyezd. On June 3, 1929, Sebezhsky District was transferred to Western Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were also abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On January 29, 1935, Western Oblast was abolished and the district was transferred to Kalinin Oblast, and on February 5 of the same year, Sebezhsky District became a part of Velikiye Luki Okrug of Kalinin Oblast, one of the okrugs abutting the state boundaries of the Soviet Union. On May 4, 1938, the district was transferred to Opochka Okrug. On February 5, 1941, the okrug was abolished. Between July 9, 1941 and July 17, 1944, Sebezh was occupied by German troops. On August 22, 1944, the district was transferred to newly established Velikiye Luki Oblast. On October 2, 1957, Velikiye Luki Oblast was abolished and Sebezhsky District was transferred to Pskov Oblast.

According to the 1939 population census, there were 845 Jews living in Sebezh. The SS Division “Totenkopf” arrived in the town on July 7, 1941. Many Jews managed to escape during this period, . During the entire occupation, which lasted from July 1941 to July 1944, there was an Ortskommandantur in the town. There was an Ordnungsdienst, too. A ghetto was created in September 1941 and existed until March 1942. After that, it was liquidated. During the liquidation, more than 100 Jews were shot in pits. The perpetrators of the shooting were local Russian policemen.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Sebezh serves as the administrative center of Sebezhsky District, to which it is directly subordinated. As a municipal division, the town of Sebezh, together with sixty-eight rural localities, is incorporated within Sebezhsky Municipal District as Sebezh Urban Settlement.

Economy

Transportation

The M9 Highway, which connects Moscow and Riga, passes Sebezh. Another road connects Sebezh with Opochka. There are also local roads.

The railway connecting Moscow and Riga also passes Sebezh.

Culture and recreation

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Здание_Костела_(базилианский_костел_святой_Троицы).jpg" caption="Holy Trinity Church"] ::

Sebezh contains one cultural heritage monument of federal significance and additionally fifteen objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federally protected monument is the Trinity Church, a formerly Catholic church consecrated in 1648, when Sebezh was still part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It is probably the oldest baroque structure in Russia. As of 2013, the church is closed to the public because of reconstruction.

Sebezh is home to the Sebezh District Museum, founded in 1927 and displaying collections of local interest.

Notable people

Semyon Dimanstein, Jewish Soviet state activist, publisher
Zinovy Gerdt, Russian Soviet actor
Witold Rudziński, Polish composer

References

Notes

Sources

Архивный отдел Псковского облисполкома. Государственный архив Псковской области. "Административно-территориальное деление Псковской области (1917–1988 гг.). Справочник". (Administrative-Territorial Structure of Pskov Oblast (1917–1988). Reference.) Книга I. Лениздат, 1988

References

{{OKTMO reference. 58 654
(2003). "Энциклопедия Города России". Большая Российская Энциклопедия.
. (1889). "Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom X".
. (1903). "Первая Всеобщая перепись населения Российской империи, 1897 г.".
''Administrative-Territorial Structure of Pskov Oblast'', pp. 11–15
link. Справочник истории административно-территориального деления Ленинградской области
"Yahad - in Unum".
{{OKATO reference. 58 254
Law #833-oz stipulates that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. The Law #420-oz, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal districts, lists the town of Sebezh as a part of Sebezhsky District.
Law #420-oz
link. Себежский краеведческий музей

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