Sangatte
title: "Sangatte" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["communes-of-pas-de-calais", "calais-migrant-crisis-(1999–present)", "pale-of-calais", "populated-coastal-places-in-france"] topic_path: "geography/france" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangatte" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::data[format=table title="Infobox French commune"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | Sangatte |
| native name | Zandgat |
| commune status | Commune |
| image | Sangatte1.jpg |
| caption | A general view of Sangatte |
| image coat of arms | Blason Sangatte.svg |
| arrondissement | Calais |
| canton | Calais-1 |
| INSEE | 62774 |
| postal code | 62231 |
| mayor | Guy Allemand |
| term | 2020–2026 |
| intercommunality | CA Grand Calais Terres et Mers |
| coordinates | |
| elevation m | 4 |
| elevation min m | 0 |
| elevation max m | 151 |
| area km2 | 14.28 |
| population | |
| population date | |
| population footnotes | |
| :: |
|name = Sangatte |native name = Zandgat |commune status = Commune |image = Sangatte1.jpg |caption = A general view of Sangatte |image coat of arms = Blason Sangatte.svg |arrondissement = Calais |canton = Calais-1 |INSEE = 62774 |postal code = 62231 |mayor = Guy Allemand |term = 2020–2026 |intercommunality = CA Grand Calais Terres et Mers |coordinates = |elevation m = 4 |elevation min m = 0 |elevation max m = 151 |area km2 = 14.28 |population = |population date = |population footnotes =
Sangatte (; ) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department on the northern coast of France on the English Channel. The name is of Flemish origin, meaning hole or gap in the sand.
Engineering
Sangatte is the location for the Channel Tunnel's French cooling station, its British counterpart being at Samphire Hoe. In addition, it is the French end-point for the HVDC Cross-Channel, the connection between the UK and French electricity grids.
History
First underwater telegraph
Sangatte was the landing point of the world's first operational underwater telegraph cable, laid across the Channel by the Submarine Telegraph Company in 1851 between South Foreland and Sangatte.
Pioneering cross-Channel flight
'Blériot-Plage' is named to commemorate Louis Blériot who, on 25 July 1909, was the first person to fly across the English Channel. He flew from the beach at Sangatte to the White Cliffs of Dover, to claim the prize offered by the Daily Mail. The crossing took 37 minutes in his aeroplane, Blériot XI, built in collaboration with Raymond Saulnier. It was powered by a 3-cylinder 25 hp engine.
At the western end of the beach, a statue of the French aviator Hubert Latham overlooks the sea. Latham was another pioneering cross-channel pilot whose earlier attempt on 19 July had failed.
Spitfire
Sangatte is also the landing location of Supermarine Spitfire Mark 1a N3200 of No. 19 Squadron RAF, which was forced to land at the beach after receiving damage to its radiator from shots fired by a Messerschmitt Bf 109 of JG 2 during Operation Dynamo on 26 May 1940, having shot down a Junkers Ju 87 shortly beforehand to protect the evacuating soldiers at Dunkirk. The plane was recovered from the sand at Sangatte in 1986, and restoration work commenced in 2000, which continued until 2014 when works completed, the aircraft having been repaired to a fully airworthy state.
Refugee camp
Sangatte was the location of a refugee camp set up by the French Red Cross in 1999 as a result of an influx of migrants attempting to travel to the United Kingdom. They were mainly from Afghanistan, Iraq and Kosovo. Under pressure from the UK government, Nicolas Sarkozy (then Minister of the Interior), ordered its closure in 2002. There were riots in 2001 and 2002, the year the camp closed.
Population
| 1968|3340 | 1975|3332 | 1982|3199 | 1990|3326 | 1999|4046 | 2007|4549 | 2012|4719 | 2017|4820 | source = INSEE | percentages = pagr | align = none
Politics
Mayor List
::data[format=table]
| Period | Identity | Label | Qualifications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Empty data needs to be completed | |||
| v. 1959 | Jules Boulart | ||
| March 1971 | March 1983 | René Coucy | DVG |
| March 1983 | March 2001 | René Lapôtre | RPR |
| March 2001 | September 2006 | André Segard | PS |
| September 2006 | On Going | Guy Allemand | SE |
| :: |
Twin towns
- UK Sandgate, Kent, England, UK.
In popular culture
In the BBC Two show Top Gear, the three presenters Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond and James May crossed the Channel in an amphibious Nissan Navara and instead of finishing at Calais after leaving Dover, they ended up 8 km along the coast in Sangatte.
Personalities
- The airmen Hubert Latham and Louis Blériot.
- Fabrice Bourré (born in 1962), French footballer, was born in Blériot-Plage.
References
References
- (2 December 2020). "Répertoire national des élus: les maires".
- [https://www.insee.fr/fr/metadonnees/geographie/commune/62774-sangatte INSEE commune file]
- [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1951/1951%20-%200593.html ''Flight'' Magazine 30 March 1951 p.365: ''Portrait of a Pioneer'' by Colin Boyle]
- Ranter, Harro. "Incident Supermarine Spitfire Mk Ia N3200, 26 May 1940".
- "The Spitfire lost for almost 50 Years".
- (24 October 2016). "The history of the Calais 'Jungle' camp and how it's changed since 1999". BBC Newsbeat.
- Le Monde, 7 mai 2007: http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-823448,36-906438@51-823374@45-100,0.html
- (3 September 2014). "Calais mayor threatens to block port if UK fails to help deal with migrants".
- [https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-62774#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE
::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::