Salekhard

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title: "Salekhard" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["salekhard", "populated-places-established-in-1595", "populated-places-of-arctic-russia", "populated-places-on-the-ob-river"] topic_path: "geography/russia" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salekhard" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox Russian inhabited locality"]

Field	Value
en_name	Salekhard
ru_name	Салехард
loc_name1	Саляʼ харад
loc_lang1	Nenets
loc_name2	Пуӆңават
loc_lang2	Khanty
image_skyline	Polar circle monument (08).jpg
image_caption	Polar circle monument in Salekhard
coordinates
image_flag	Flag of Salekhard (Yamal Nenetsia).svg
image_coa	Coat of Arms of Salekhard (Yamal Nenetsia).png
federal_subject	Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
federal_subject_ref
adm_inhabloc_jur	town of okrug significance of Salekhard
adm_inhabloc_jur_ref
adm_ctr_of1	Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
adm_ctr_of1_ref
adm_ctr_of2	town of okrug significance of Salekhard
adm_ctr_of2_ref
inhabloc_cat	Town
inhabloc_cat_ref
urban_okrug_jur	Salekhard Urban Okrug
urban_okrug_jur_ref
mun_admctr_of1	Salekhard Urban Okrug
mun_admctr_of1_ref
leader_title	Mayor
leader_name
area_km2	84.50
pop_2010census	42544
pop_2010census_ref
pop_latest	49214
pop_latest_date	2018
established_date	1595
current_cat_date	1938
postal_codes	629000
dialing_codes	34922
dialing_codes_ref
website	http://www.salekhard.org/
::

History

The settlement of Obdorsk (Обдорск) was founded in 1595, in the place of a Khanty settlement called Polnovat-Vozh (Полноват-вож), by Russian settlers after the conquest of Siberia. It was situated on the Ob River, and its name supposedly derives from that. The land around Obdorsk was referred to as Obdorsky krai, or Obdoriya.

The town was often used as a place of exile during the Tsarist and Soviet periods. Among notable people who spent time here were the Doukhobor spiritual leader Pyotr Verigin and Leon Trotsky. At the port of Salekhard, approximately 1,500 prisoners were used as slave labor, loading and unloading goods at the dock, or mining metal ore. About 5,000 prisoners in two camps near Salekhard were forced to polish diamonds mined from Mir mine.

The nearest railway station is at Labytnangi on the opposite side of the river Ob. From 1949 to 1953, the Salekhard-Igarka Railway project made an unsuccessful attempt to extend the line to Igarka, claiming the lives of thousands of Gulag prisoners. The section of railway from Salekhard to Nadym was completed and remained in use for some time in the Soviet era, although it was later abandoned. It is currently being rebuilt, along with a long-awaited bridge across the Ob between Labytnangi and Salekhard.

Salekhard was the host city for the 2006 Arctic Council Ministerial Meeting in October 2006.

In April 2014, Rostelecom, a Russian Internet service provider, completed the final stretch of the Nadym-Salekhard optical Internet line, which stretches for almost 3,500 km.

In the Summer of 2016, temperatures as high as 95 F thawed anthrax-infected corpses that had been frozen since the soviet era near Salekhard, causing anthrax spores to infect reindeer herds and herders.

Administrative and municipal status

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Городская_администрация_(Салехард)_-_panoramio.jpg" caption="Administrative unit of Salekhard"] ::

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with one rural locality, incorporated as the town of okrug significance of Salekhard—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of okrug significance of Salekhard is incorporated as Salekhard Urban Okrug.

Demographics

As of 2021, the ethnic composition of Salekhard was:

Russians – 66.3%
Tatars – 7.1%
Khanty – 3.8%
Ukrainians – 3.7%
Nenets – 3.7%
Komi – 2.0%
Kyrgyz – 1.4%
Others – 12%

Economy

Супермаркет_«Стерх»,Салехард-panoramio.jpg|Sterh Supermarket Building_under_construction_of_the_representative_office_of_PAO_Gazprom_in_Salekhard(1).jpg|Building of the representative office of Gazprom Рынок_«Дары_Ямала»,Салехард-panoramio.jpg|Gifts of Yamal Supermarket Headquarters_of"Yamalneftegaz".jpg|Headquarters of Yamalneftegaz Shopping_center_"Sezam"at_Yamalskaya_Street(3).jpg|Sezam Shopping center Yamal_Airlines_Headquarters.jpg|Yamal Airlines Headquarters Нефтебаза.Салехард-panoramio.jpg|Oil depot Рыболовно-охотничий_магазин«Сармик».Салехард-_panoramio.jpg|Sarmik Fishing and hunting shop Yamal Airlines has its head office in Salekhard. Most of residents are employed in reindeer herding, fishing and the services sector.

By 2015, about 3 km from the airport, near the Arctic Circle, authorities plan to build a large polar resort "Center of the Arctic tourism".

Transportation

Salekhard is located in the Ob river valley and is an important river port of the Russian Far North. The unfinished Salekhard–Igarka Railway was set to provide a rail connection between the Ob river port of Salekhard and the Yenisei river port of Igarka. Currently, the nearest railway is at Labytnangi, 20 km northwest on the opposite side of the river Ob. The project Northern Latitudinal Railway will provide Salekhard access to Russian railway and will further connect Salekhard to the Konosha–Vorkuta railway and other parts of European Russia. The Salekhard Bridge project, a combined railway-road bridge over Ob river, is the main component of Northern Latitudinal Railway that will connect Labytnangi and Salekhard is to be constructed with the cost of 60 billion rubles. Nadym–Salekhard road, a 344 km long road, was inaugurated in December 2020 to the 90th anniversary of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, it will facilitate the construction of a railway between the two cities and connects the eastern and western parts of Yamal Okrug. For 9–10 months each year, the Ob river is frozen and cars and trucks can drive across the river ice. In the summer a ferry operates, however during the floating of ice, generally shortly before the start and shortly after the end of summer, Salekhard is effectively isolated from the outside world, regarding freight. During these periods, only helicopters are able to reach Salekhard in case of emergency. Native people, mainly the Nenets and Khanty people, always build up stocks of food at home, in the shops, and in the markets during this period, but they still suffer from seasonal inflation. The city is also served by the Salekhard Airport, which is 7 km north of the main city.

Салехард.Паром_через_Обь-panoramio.jpg|Ferry across the Ob river Салехард, аэропорт - panoramio.jpg|Salekhard Airport Salehardobriver.jpg|Salekhard port on Ob river Brodneva Street (03).jpg|Bus transport Паромная переправа. Салехард - panoramio.jpg|Ferry service station Мост«Факел»,Салехард-_panoramio.jpg|Fakel (Torch) Bridge over Poluy river

Climate

Salekhard has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc) with short, mild summers and severely cold winters. Precipitation is moderate, and is significantly greater in summer than in winter. The "midnight sun" is above the horizon from 7 June to 6 July (30 days).

|location = Salekhard (1991–2020, extremes 1882–present) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 3.5 |Feb record high C = 3.3 |Mar record high C = 7.3 |Apr record high C = 15.5 |May record high C = 28.4 |Jun record high C = 31.6 |Jul record high C = 32.9 |Aug record high C = 30.4 |Sep record high C = 24.8 |Oct record high C = 18.2 |Nov record high C = 7.0 |Dec record high C = 4.1 |year record high C = 32.9 |Jan high C = −18.8 |Feb high C = −17.7 |Mar high C = −9.2 |Apr high C = −2.3 |May high C = 4.7 |Jun high C = 15.2 |Jul high C = 20.0 |Aug high C = 15.9 |Sep high C = 9.3 |Oct high C = 0.2 |Nov high C = −10.5 |Dec high C = −15.6 |year high C = -0.7 |Jan mean C = -23.1 |Feb mean C = −22.0 |Mar mean C = −14.2 |Apr mean C = −7.3 |May mean C = 0.4 |Jun mean C = 10.3 |Jul mean C = 15.0 |Aug mean C = 11.6 |Sep mean C = 5.7 |Oct mean C = -2.7 |Nov mean C = −14.5 |Dec mean C = −19.9 |year mean C = -5.1 |Jan low C = −27.7 |Feb low C = −26.6 |Mar low C = −19.3 |Apr low C = −12.1 |May low C = −3.5 |Jun low C = 5.8 |Jul low C = 9.9 |Aug low C = 7.3 |Sep low C = 2.4 |Oct low C = −5.8 |Nov low C = −18.9 |Dec low C = −24.3 |year low C = -9.4 |Jan record low C = −51.9 |Feb record low C = −53.7 |Mar record low C = −47.4 |Apr record low C = −38.7 |May record low C = −30.8 |Jun record low C = −11.0 |Jul record low C = −1.0 |Aug record low C = −5.5 |Sep record low C = −10.0 |Oct record low C = −35.7 |Nov record low C = −47.1 |Dec record low C = −51.5 |year record low C = -53.7 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 24 |Feb precipitation mm = 21 |Mar precipitation mm = 23 |Apr precipitation mm = 28 |May precipitation mm = 44 |Jun precipitation mm = 57 |Jul precipitation mm = 61 |Aug precipitation mm = 67 |Sep precipitation mm = 46 |Oct precipitation mm = 48 |Nov precipitation mm = 31 |Dec precipitation mm = 26 |year precipitation mm = 476 |Jan snow depth cm = 36 |Feb snow depth cm = 40 |Mar snow depth cm = 45 |Apr snow depth cm = 36 |May snow depth cm = 17 |Jun snow depth cm = 0 |Jul snow depth cm = 0 |Aug snow depth cm = 0 |Sep snow depth cm = 0 |Oct snow depth cm = 5 |Nov snow depth cm = 20 |Dec snow depth cm = 30 |year snow depth cm = 45 |Jan rain days = 0 |Feb rain days = 0 |Mar rain days = 1 |Apr rain days = 3 |May rain days = 10 |Jun rain days = 17 |Jul rain days = 18 |Aug rain days = 20 |Sep rain days = 20 |Oct rain days = 9 |Nov rain days = 1 |Dec rain days = 0 |year rain days = 99 |Jan snow days = 26 |Feb snow days = 25 |Mar snow days = 23 |Apr snow days = 18 |May snow days = 17 |Jun snow days = 4 |Jul snow days = 0.03 |Aug snow days = 0.2 |Sep snow days = 5 |Oct snow days = 21 |Nov snow days = 25 |Dec snow days = 27 |year snow days = 191 |Jan humidity = 83 |Feb humidity = 82 |Mar humidity = 81 |Apr humidity = 78 |May humidity = 77 |Jun humidity = 70 |Jul humidity = 72 |Aug humidity = 79 |Sep humidity = 82 |Oct humidity = 86 |Nov humidity = 85 |Dec humidity = 83 |year humidity = 80 |Jan sun = 4 |Feb sun = 48 |Mar sun = 135 |Apr sun = 209 |May sun = 233 |Jun sun = 270 |Jul sun = 307 |Aug sun = 185 |Sep sun = 96 |Oct sun = 57 |Nov sun = 18 |Dec sun = 0 |year sun = 1562 |source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net{{cite web | url = http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/23330.htm | title = Pogoda.ru.net - Climate Data for Salekhard | access-date = 8 November 2021 | language = ru}} |source 2 = NOAA (sun only, 1961-1990){{cite web | url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/TABLES/REG_II/RA/23330.TXT | title = Salekhard Climate Normals 1961-1990 | publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | access-date = 7 November 2021}}

Gallery

Salekhard_-Mammoth.JPG|Mammoth monument in Salekhard Salekhard-_Mammoth_2.JPG|Mammoth monument Памятник северному оленю. Салехард - panoramio.jpg|Reindeer monument in Salekhard Мечеть, Салехард - panoramio.jpg|Mosque in Salekhard Ледовый дворец .Салехард - panoramio.jpg|Ice Palace of Salekhard Развлекательный центр «Полярис», Салехард - panoramio.jpg|Polyaris Entertainment center Дворец бракосочетания, Салехард, ул. Некрасова, 4 - panoramio.jpg|Wedding Palace North Outskirts of Salekhard (02).jpg|Northern outskirts of Salekhard Город Мастеров, Салехард - panoramio.jpg|"Craftsmen Village" Гостиница «Арктика»,Салехард, ул. Республики, 38 - panoramio.jpg|Arctic Hotel Спортивный комплекс «Студенческий». Салехард - panoramio.jpg|Students sports complex

International relations

Twin Town & Sister City

Salekhard is twinned with:

Azov, Rostov Oblast, Russia

Notable people

Ion-Georgy Kostev (born 1990), professional ice hockey player

References

Notes

Sources

References

{{ru-pop-ref. 2010Census
[http://www.btk-online.ru/phcode/1358.html Телефонные коды городов] (in Russian). Retrieved 2010-09-24.
Gonzales, Daria. (7 June 2012). "A living city among dead roads". [[RBTH]].
(October 2006). "Arctic Council Salekhard Ministerial Declaration".
"Rostelecom to expand network in Yamal".
(August 1, 2016). "Anthrax outbreak triggered by climate change kills boy in Arctic Circle Seventy-two nomadic herders, including 41 children, were hospitalised in far north Russia after the region began experiencing abnormally high temperatures". The Guardian.
Law #42-ZAO
Law #26-ZAO
"Национальный состав населения в муниципальных образованиях".
[http://www.yamal.aero/ Yamal Airlines]. Retrieved on February 27, 2012.
(February 2, 2021). "What is life like in the world's only city built on the Arctic Circle?".
Ямальская дорога в зеркале мнений — Парламентская газета «Тюменские известия». old.t-i.ru.
"С крымского моста – на Ямал: строительство Северного широтного хода".
(November 20, 2020). "Дорогу Надым – Салехард официально откроют 9 декабря".
(December 10, 2020). "На Ямале открылся круглогодичный проезд по дороге Надым — Салехард".
(December 18, 2020). "New Arctic Road Connects East & West Yamal in Asian Russia".

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