Phuntsholing
title: "Phuntsholing" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["populated-places-in-bhutan", "bhutan–india-border-crossings", "chukha-district", "twin-cities", "divided-cities"] topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phuntsholing" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| official_name | Phuentsholing |
| other_name | Phuentsholing |
| native_name | ཕུན་ཚོགས་གླིང་ |
| settlement_type | Thromde |
| image_skyline | Phuentsoling-051215.JPG |
| imagesize | 300px |
| image_caption | Phuntsholing, Bhutan |
| dot_x | |
| pushpin_map | Bhutan |
| pushpin_label_position | bottom |
| pushpin_map_caption | Location in Bhutan |
| subdivision_type | Country |
| subdivision_name | Bhutan |
| subdivision_type1 | Dzongkhag |
| subdivision_name1 | Chukha District |
| subdivision_type2 | Gewog |
| subdivision_name2 | Phuentsholing, Sampheling |
| leader_title1 | |
| established_title | |
| established_title2 | |
| established_title3 | |
| area_total_km2 | 15.6 |
| area_land_km2 | |
| population_as_of | 2017 |
| population_total | 27658 |
| population_density_metro_km2 | auto |
| population_blank1_title | Ethnicities |
| population_blank2_title | Religions |
| timezone | BTT |
| utc_offset | +6 |
| coordinates | |
| elevation_footnotes | |
| elevation_m | 293 |
| postal_code_type | |
| website | |
| :: |
|official_name = Phuentsholing
|other_name = Phuentsholing
|native_name = ཕུན་ཚོགས་གླིང་
|nickname =
| settlement_type = Thromde
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|image_skyline = Phuentsoling-051215.JPG
|imagesize = 300px
|image_caption = Phuntsholing, Bhutan
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|pushpin_map = Bhutan
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|pushpin_map_caption =Location in Bhutan
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = Bhutan
|subdivision_type1 = Dzongkhag
|subdivision_name1 = Chukha District
|subdivision_type2 = Gewog
|subdivision_name2 = Phuentsholing, Sampheling
|subdivision_type3 =
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|area_total_km2 = 15.6
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|population_as_of =2017
|population_footnotes =
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|population_total =27658
|population_density_km2 =
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|population_density_metro_km2 =auto
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|population_blank1_title =Ethnicities
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|population_blank2_title =Religions
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|timezone = BTT
|utc_offset = +6
|timezone_DST =
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|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m = 293
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Phuntsholing, also spelled as Phuentsholing (), is a border town in southern Bhutan and is the administrative seat of Chukha District. The town occupies parts of both Phuentsholing Gewog and Sampheling Gewog.
Phuentsholing adjoins the Indian town of Jaigaon, and cross-border trade has resulted in a thriving local economy. The town previously hosted the headquarters of the Bank of Bhutan before they were shifted to Thimphu. In 2017, Phuentsholing had a population of 27,658.
History
On 5 April 1964, reformist Prime Minister Jigme Dorji was assassinated in Phuntsholing by monarchist cadres as the king lay ill in Switzerland. The Dorji family was subsequently put under close watch. It was 1958 when the first one-storeyed cottage was constructed to house a shop. The late Prime Minister, Jigme Dorji informed Phuentsholing residents that concrete houses could be constructed. Tashi group of companies constructed the first concrete house, followed by Tibetans and Indians. Some of the structures that exist to this day are the buildings housing Bhutan Enterprise, Jatan Prasad Lal Chand Prasad shop and a beauty parlour near Zantdopelri lhakhang. After the announcement, 18 shops were built around Zangdopelri area. The Zangdopelri area was a bus terminal, and on Saturday a market would be assembled. Apart from the cottages, there were several huts and Phuentsholing was beginning to grow.
Geography
Climate
Phuntsholing has a sultry tropical monsoon climate, strongly influenced by the South Asian monsoon. It has an average annual precipitation of 3953 mm. Summers are long, muggy and very rainy, while winters are short, very mild and dry. This climate is described by the Köppen climate classification as Am. On 27 August 1997, Phuntsholing recorded the highest temperature ever in Bhutan, at 40 C.
|location = Phuntsholing (1996–2017) |metric first = y |single line = y |Jan high C = 23.9 |Feb high C = 26.6 |Mar high C = 29.8 |Apr high C = 31.1 |May high C = 32.3 |Jun high C = 32.3 |Jul high C = 31.9 |Aug high C = 32.3 |Sep high C = 31.7 |Oct high C = 31.2 |Nov high C = 28.7 |Dec high C = 25.4 |year high C = |Jan mean C = 18.6 |Feb mean C = 21.5 |Mar mean C = 24.2 |Apr mean C = 25.6 |May mean C = 27.0 |Jun mean C = 27.7 |Jul mean C = 27.8 |Aug mean C = 28.1 |Sep mean C = 27.4 |Oct mean C = 26.2 |Nov mean C = 23.3 |Dec mean C = 20.2 |year mean C = |Jan low C = 13.4 |Feb low C = 16.3 |Mar low C = 18.5 |Apr low C = 20.1 |May low C = 21.7 |Jun low C = 23.1 |Jul low C = 23.7 |Aug low C = 23.8 |Sep low C = 23.1 |Oct low C = 21.1 |Nov low C = 17.9 |Dec low C = 15.0 |year low C = |Jan record high C = 33.0 |Feb record high C = 33.8 |Mar record high C = 38.0 |Apr record high C = 37.0 |May record high C = 39.0 |Jun record high C = 38.0 |Jul record high C = 39.0 |Aug record high C = 40.0 |Sep record high C = 39.0 |Oct record high C = 38.0 |Nov record high C = 36.9 |Dec record high C = 35.0 |Jan record low C = 5.0 |Feb record low C = 9.0 |Mar record low C = 12.0 |Apr record low C = 14.3 |May record low C = 15.1 |Jun record low C = 16.0 |Jul record low C = 17.0 |Aug record low C = 19.0 |Sep record low C = 17.0 |Oct record low C = 14.0 |Nov record low C = 10.0 |Dec record low C = 7.5 |Jan rain mm = 17.3 |Feb rain mm = 31.1 |Mar rain mm = 80.2 |Apr rain mm = 216.5 |May rain mm = 380.3 |Jun rain mm = 807.2 |Jul rain mm = 962.6 |Aug rain mm = 779.1 |Sep rain mm = 492.6 |Oct rain mm = 162.9 |Nov rain mm = 13.2 |Dec rain mm = 10.4 |rain colour = green |year rain mm = |Jan humidity = 72.4 |Feb humidity = 71.3 |Mar humidity = 70.0 |Apr humidity = 74.7 |May humidity = 80.1 |Jun humidity = 83.8 |Jul humidity = 88.5 |Aug humidity = 87.1 |Sep humidity = 84.4 |Oct humidity = 75.6 |Nov humidity = 70.7 |Dec humidity = 72.4 |source 1 = National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology{{cite web | url = https://www.nchm.gov.bt/attachment/ckfinder/userfiles/files/Climate%20Data%20Book%20of%20Bhutan%2C%202018.pdf | title = Climate Data Book of Bhutan, 2018 | publisher = National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology | accessdate = July 13, 2021 ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Palden_Tashi_Chholing_Shedra_01.jpg" caption="Palden Tashi Chholing Shedra"] ::
Architecture and culture
The India-Bhutan border separates two different urban areas. Jaigaon across the border is larger, bustling and loud, similar to many other West Bengal centres of commerce, albeit with many Bhutanese shoppers. Phuntsholing is uniquely more urban than other Bhutanese towns as it is the Bhutan financial, industrial and trading capital. It is more orderly than its neighbour.
Economy
The majority of goods traded into Bhutan transit through Phuntsholing, making the town the gateway to Bhutan for trade with India. The border with China is closed.
Indian border crossing
::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Bhutan_gate_in_Phuentsoling_0.jpg" caption="The ornate border gate between Bhutan and India, seen from Bhutan"] ::
::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Bhutan_gate_in_Phuentsholing_1.jpg" caption="Bhutan India"] ::
border seen from Jaigaon, India]] The border is separated by a long wall with a single Bhutanese gate. Locals can sometimes even cross without being asked for papers. Tourists from India, Bangladesh and Maldives do not need visa to enter Bhutan but have to show proof of identity such as a passport or voter ID card and apply for a permit at Phuntsholing to enter Bhutan. Other foreigners need a visa presented by a hired registered tour guide. The entry gate into the town is manned by the Sashastra Seema Bal and Bhutanese Army guards. The terrain inclines soon after the gate.
Transportation
::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Bhutan_highways_labeled_location_map.png" caption="Highways of Bhutan"] ::
The town is connected to the rest of the major cities via national highway. The town does not have airport facilities or a railway but Indian Railways has railway stations nearby. A 20 km railway track has been planned from the nearest railway stone Hasimara in North Bengal to Phuntsholing.
Siliguri is the nearest large city in India. New Jalpaiguri and New Alipurduar are the nearest large railway junctions. Buses are available from the towns in North Bengal. Buses are operated by both Indian based companies and Bhutanese government. Once at Phuntsholing, the Lateral Road gives travelers access to the rest of Bhutan.
From almost anywhere in the city, one can see the road to Thimphu snaking up the hillside, and in the evening it is easy to see the headlights of distant vehicles heading towards the capital. Opposite the big ground PSA is the road that connects the rest of the cities of Bhutan. The Lateral Road, Bhutan's main highway, begins in Phuntsholing and winds some 636 km to Trashigang in the east.
References
References
- Pelden, Sonam. (2010-05-07). "Cabinet Approves Thromdes". [[Bhutan Observer]] online.
- Dorji, Kezang. (2010-11-26). "LG Elections Finalized". [[Bhutan Observer]] online.
- (2011). "Chiwogs in Chukha". Election Commission, [[Government of Bhutan]].
- (July 2021). "Bhutan: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population". World Gazetteer}}{{dead link.
- Ram Rahul. (1997). "Royal Bhutan: a political history". [[Vikas Publishing.
- "Becoming the Gateway to Bhutan | KuenselOnline".
- "The heat has got to the Himalayas".
- "Directions from Phuentsholing to Trashigang". [[Google Maps]].
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