Phleum

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title: "Phleum" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["pooideae", "poaceae-genera", "botanical-taxa-named-by-carl-linnaeus"] description: "Genus of grasses" topic_path: "general/pooideae" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phleum" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Genus of grasses ::

::callout[type=note] the genus of grasses ::

|image = Timothee_(Phleum_pratense_subsp._pratense).jpg |image_upright = 0.8 |image_caption = Phleum pratense |display_parents = 4 |parent_authority = Dumort. |taxon = Phleum |authority = L. |type_species = Phleum pratense |type_species_authority = L. |synonyms_ref = |synonyms =

• Stelephuros Adans.
• Plantinia Bubani
• Achnodonton P.Beauv.
• Chilochloa P.Beauv.
• Achnodon Link
• Maillea Parl.
• Pseudophleum Dogan

Phleum (common name timothy) is a genus of annual and perennial plants in the grass family. The genus is native to Europe, Asia and north Africa, with one species (P. alpinum) also in North and South America.

They are tufted grasses growing to 20–150 cm tall, with cylindrical, spike-like panicles containing many densely packed spikelets.

; Species

• Phleum alpinum – subarctic and mountainous areas in Eurasia, the Americas, South Georgia, etc.
• Phleum arenarium – western + southern Europe; Mediterranean
• Phleum bertolonii - Europe, Middle East
• Phleum boissieri - southwest Asia
• Phleum × brueggeri - France, Switzerland
• Phleum crypsoides - Sardinia, Greece, Cyprus
• Phleum echinatum - Italy, Greece, Balkans, Crimea
• Phleum exaratum - from Italy to Uzbekistan
• Phleum gibbum - Turkey
• Phleum himalaicum - Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kashmir
• Phleum hirsutum - central Europe, Balkans, Ukraine, Caucasus
• Phleum iranicum - Iran
• Phleum montanum - from Balkans to Iran
• Phleum paniculatum - from Spain to Japan
• Phleum phleoides – from Portugal + Morocco to eastern Siberia
• Phleum pratense – Timothy – from Portugal + Morocco to central Asia; naturalized in East Asia, the Americas, etc.
• Phleum subulatum - from Portugal to Pakistan
• Phleum × viniklarii - Dalmatia ; Formerly included Numerous species now considered better suited to other genera: Aegilops, Alopecurus, Beckmannia, Crypsis, Cynodon, Cynosurus, Digitaria, Elytrophorus, Ischaemum, Mnesithea, Muhlenbergia, Pennisetum, Pentameris, Phalaris, Polypogon, Polytrias, Sesleria, Tribolium

Cultivation and uses

Several species are important for cattle feed and as hay for horses and other domestic animals.

References

References

1. lectotype designated by Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 119. 1929
2. "Tropicos - Name - Phleum L.".
3. "Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families".
4. Linné, Carl von. (1753). "Caroli Linnaei ... Species plantarum :exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas...". Impensis Laurentii Salvii.
5. "Species in GRIN for genus".
6. "Phleum in Flora of China @ efloras.org".
7. "Search results — The Plant List".
8. "Generi della flora italiana: Phleum".
9. "Flora Europaea Search Results".
10. {{Cite PLANTS

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::