Pezinok

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title: "Pezinok" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["cities-and-towns-in-slovakia", "villages-and-municipalities-in-pezinok-district"] topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pezinok" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox Slovak place"]

FieldValue
namePezinok
other_nameBazin
settlement_typeMunicipality
nicknamesPezinek, Pavúci
image_skylineZamok Pezinok.jpg
image_captionPezinok castle
image_flagPezinok-pezinok-flag.svg
image_shieldCoat of Arms of Pezinok.svg
subdivision_type1Region
subdivision_name1Bratislava Region
subdivision_type2District
subdivision_name2Pezinok District
pushpin_mapSlovakia Bratislava Region#Slovakia
pushpin_relief1
pushpin_map_captionLocation of Pezinok in the Bratislava Region##Location of Pezinok in Slovakia
coordinates
leader_titleMayor
leader_nameRoman Mács
established_titleFirst mentioned
established_date1208
elevation_footnotes
elevation_m151
postal_code_typePostal code
postal_code902 01
area_code+421 33
registration_platePK
website
::

| name = Pezinok | other_name = Bazin | settlement_type = Municipality | nicknames = Pezinek, Pavúci | image_skyline = Zamok Pezinok.jpg | image_caption = Pezinok castle | image_flag = Pezinok-pezinok-flag.svg | image_shield = Coat of Arms of Pezinok.svg | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Bratislava Region | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = Pezinok District | pushpin_map = Slovakia Bratislava Region#Slovakia | pushpin_relief = 1 | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Pezinok in the Bratislava Region##Location of Pezinok in Slovakia | coordinates = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Roman Mács | leader_party = | established_title = First mentioned | established_date = 1208 | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 151 | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 902 01 | area_code = +421 33 |registration_plate = PK | website = ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Kermesite-Calcite-280586.jpg" caption="abbr=on}}. long, on [[calcite]]-covered massive [[sulfide]] matrix. The Pezinok [[antimony]] deposits are known for world-class kermesite specimens.[http://www.mindat.org/loc-29147.html Pezinok antimony deposits] at [[Mindat.org]]"] ::

Pezinok (; in the local dialect Pezinek; ; ; ) is a town in southwestern Slovakia. It is roughly 20 km northeast of Bratislava and, as of December 2023, had a population of 24,443.

Pezinok lies near the Little Carpathians and thrives mainly on viticulture and agriculture, as well as on brick-making and ceramic(s) production.

History

From the second half of the 10th century until 1918, it was part of the Kingdom of Hungary. Pezinok, or at least its surroundings, was mentioned in writing for the first time in 1208 under the name "terra Bozin". During the next few centuries, the town changed from a mining settlement to a vineyard town. It gained the status of a free royal town on 14 June 1647. Pezinok had its most glorious era of wealth and prosperity in the 17th and 18th centuries when it was also one of the richest towns in the Kingdom of Hungary. Its wealth was based on the production of quality wines. In the 19th century, the town slowly began to industrialize: the first sulphuric acid factory in Hungary or the known brickworks were established here. It boomed further after it was connected to the railway. After the breakup of Austria-Hungary in 1918/1920, the town became part of the newly created Czechoslovakia. In the first half of the 20th century, it was declining, vineyard production was declining, forcing many inhabitants to emigrate. It is growing again after the end of World War II.

Jewish History of the Town

Jews were granted permission to live in Pezinok in 1450.

In 1529 The local counts, Counts Wolfang and George von Pezinok and St. George, began to imprison local Jews, due to the fact that they owed money to the Jewish community. Matters deteriorated further when the mutilated body of a local 9-year-old boy was found in the area, leading to a blood libel, an accusation that Jews had murdered Christians for religious rituals. The already imprisoned Jews were brought to the town square and tortured until they confessed to the murder and to additional crimes. On May 21, 1529, 30 Jewish men, women and children were burned at the stake. Children under the age of 10 were the only ones to receive a pardon, and they were forcibly converted to Christianity. After that point Jews were forbidden to reside in Pezinok, and even to spend a night there. In 1540 the Protestant reformer Andreas Osiander published a booklet condemning the 1529 blood libel. The booklet incriminated the Counts who started the whole thing.

Jews were allowed to return in 1609, but only to the lands of the Palffy family and in Cajla (Zeile). The rest of Pezinok remained forbidden until 1840. During that time period the Jewish community flourished in their allowed areas, building a synagogue and living in their communal lifestyle. Even with that, they were subject to an additional tax that other residents were not required to pay - a "toleration tax." In 1781 the census of the Palffy lands lists 88 Jews, while in 1840 there were 271. By 1930 there were 425 Jews living in Pezinok.

On March 14, 1939 Slovakia declared independence from Czechoslovakia. German SS troops entered the city soon after, and on May 18, 1939, the Hlinka Guard (the Slovak Storm Troopers) assembled the Jewish men of the city at the synagogue and forced them to destroy it and the holy books kept there. Jews were attacked in the streets and taken from their homes. At this point many of the Jews in the town fled, never to return. By 1940, there were 235 Jews left in Pezinok. The property of the Jews was legally taken by the non Jewish residents of the town and their homes were seized. In the Summer of 1942 the remaining Jews were deported to Auschwitz. The Jewish cemetery was blown up by the Germans, and the tombstones were used to pave roads. Few Jews returned after the Holocaust. There were 45 Jews listed in 1947, and after 1948–49, almost no Jews were left. There are currently no Jews listed as living in Pezinok.

Geography and tourism

It is located in the Danubian Lowland at the foothills of the Little Carpathians, around 20 km north-east of Bratislava. Another major city, Trnava, is located around 25 km to the east.

A ski resort is situated on the Baba mountain. The neighbouring Little Carpathians offer numerous hiking paths. All of the city forests are part of the Little Carpathians Protected Landscape Area.

The Little Carpathians Museum (Malokarpatské múzeum), which is in a typical wine merchant's house in the centre of the town, was undergoing a major renovation in 2008 and promises to be one of the best small museums in Slovakia.

It has the biggest collection of wine presses in central Europe, some of them gigantic wooden affairs dating from the early seventeenth century; the atmospheric old cellars of the building are partly given over to an exhibition of them.

But Martin Hrubala, the deputy director of the museum, is keen to make the museum not just about the old but also the new: the entrance fee includes a wine tasting, accompanied by a sommelier. And the museum promises interactivity at a level unusual for Slovak museums. Visitors, for instance, as well as tasting wine will also get the opportunity to make their own.

Pezinok seems to have been investing heavily in public facilities lately: the city museum, in a building opposite the Little Carpathians Museum, opened in 2003. It features a range of attractively presented local archaeological finds and a selection of stonework salvaged from nearby churches; labelling, however, is in Slovak only.

And at the northern end of the city centre, next to a park which once formed its landscaped grounds, is Pezinok Castle. Originally a moated fortress which was later turned into a chateau for the aristocratic Pálffy family, the cellars of the castle are now home to the National Wine Salon.

Little Carpathians Museum (Malokarpatské múzeum) is situated in Pezinok.

File:Bazini-kastelycivertanlegi1.jpg File:Bazini-kastelycivertanlegi2.jpg

Town suburbs

  • Grinava historical suburb
  • Town center
  • Cajla historical suburb
  • Sídliská:
    • Sever ()
    • Juh ()
    • Muškát
    • Záhradná (originally Stred)
    • Za hradbami and 1. mája (originally Stred II.)
    • Moyzesova (originally Prednádražie)
    • Starý dvor ()
    • Sahara
  • Unigal
  • Panholec
  • Glejovka
  • Čikošňa
  • Turie brehy ()
  • Talihov dvor (; originally Nataliin majer)
  • Recreation areas
    • Kučišdorfská dolina ()
    • Leitne
    • Reisinger
    • Slnečné údolie ()
    • Stupy

Traditional Events

February

Ethnofestival

March

Selection of the Queen of wine

PAFF – alternative (amateur) film festival in House of Culture

April

Wine markets - international competition, exhibition and wine tasting

May

Ad Una Corda - International church choir festival {every even year}

Sponsorship march in support if UNICEF

June

Cibulák - theater festival

Competition of ancient cars

July

Slovakia Matador - competition of cars driving in The mountain {to the hill of Baba}

July - August

Promenade concerts take place as a part of Cultural sumer {every Sunday late afternoon}

Flamenco Verano summer flamenco school in Pezinok

August

Pezinský Permoník - Small Carpathian exhibition and bourse of minerals, fossils and precious stones connected with gold washing on the streets

Dychovky v preši - International festival of brass music

September

Vinobranie - celebrations of wine including rich cultural program and tasting of regional specialties{food and wine} in the streets of the city center

October

Pezinský strapec - International competition in ballroom dancing

November

St. Martin's blessings of wine includes tasting of young wine

Day of Open Cellars regional promotional wine tasting in private cellars

December

Christmas Inspirations - sell of Christmas goods Including cultural program on Radničné square and at Old Town hall

Gastronomy

Typical dishes

Source:

In the past, the daily diet of local peasant families mainly included dishes based on flour such as knofle, osúchy, dolky, podlisníky, šiflíky, and potato mixture such as lokše, šuferle, gerheň, and scískance. The classic thick soups prepared mainly with beans or bean pods, lentils, peas, chickpeas or the integral horseradish soup were known and dill, pumpkin, potato, tomato or mushroom sauces or prívarky. At the time of pig slaughter, the so-called obarová polievka in which bread pieces were placed. At Easter, sourdough záviny filled with tvaroh, walnuts and poppy seeds, and veľkonočný baranček ("Easter lamb") were served. At Christmas, a vianočka and pupáky were served.

The traditional dish, lokše with goose or duck lard is shared with the nearby Slovenský Grob, and also part of the husacie or kačacie hody ("goose" or "duck festivals" – lokše with lard, roasted goose or duck and steamed red cabbage with strudel).

In the past, all hostince in the town offered mascený chleba s cibulou (in the Slovak literary language mastný chlieb s cibuľou, ).

In the second half of August, since 2003, the fyzulnačka (in the Slovak literary language fazuľovica or fazuľová polievka, ) cooking competition has been organized in the Town Hall Square ().

Typical drinks

The typical drink of the town is wine. In September, a burčiak is sold in Grinava and also during the Pezinok Grape Harvest Festival ().

Population

It has a population of  people (31 December ).

Ethnicity

Religion

Most numerous town surnames (data from March 2001)

As of 31 December 2000, the town had 21,865 inhabitants, of which the most numerous surnames in Pezinok were:

  • Krasňanský or Krasňanská (137 inhabitants)
  • Guštafík(ová) (134 inhabitants)
  • Horváth(ová) (118 inhabitants)
  • Demovič(ová) (116 obyvateľov)
  • Klamo(vá) (103 inhabitants)
  • Hanúsek or Hanúsková (102 inhabitants)
  • Slimák(ová) (101 inhabitants)
  • Slezák(ová) (96 inhabitants)
  • Čech(ová) (94 inhabitants)

People

Climate

Pezinok has a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfb).

| width = auto | location = Pezinok

| metric first = yes | single line = yes | Jan mean C = 0.2 | Feb mean C = 2.4 | Mar mean C = 6.2 | Apr mean C = 11.3 | May mean C = 15.9 | Jun mean C = 20.0 | Jul mean C = 21.7 | Aug mean C = 21.2 | Sep mean C = 16.2 | Oct mean C = 11.0 | Nov mean C = 6.1 | Dec mean C = 1.3 | year mean C = | Jan high C = 2.7 | Feb high C = 5.7 | Mar high C = 10.7 | Apr high C = 16.5 | May high C = 20.8 | Jun high C = 25.1 | Jul high C = 27.1 | Aug high C = 26.7 | Sep high C = 21.2 | Oct high C = 15.3 | Nov high C = 9.0 | Dec high C = 3.6 | year high C = | Jan low C = -2.5 | Feb low C = -0.8 | Mar low C = 1.8 | Apr low C = 6.1 | May low C = 10.7 | Jun low C = 14.6 | Jul low C = 16.3 | Aug low C = 15.9 | Sep low C = 11.6 | Oct low C = 7.3 | Nov low C = 3.4 | Dec low C = -1.0 | year low C = | Jan precipitation mm = 39.6 | Feb precipitation mm = 37.1 | Mar precipitation mm = 40.5 | Apr precipitation mm = 42.9 | May precipitation mm = 73.9 | Jun precipitation mm = 73.5 | Jul precipitation mm = 69.6 | Aug precipitation mm = 73.5 | Sep precipitation mm = 76.0 | Oct precipitation mm = 51.4 | Nov precipitation mm = 46.4 | Dec precipitation mm = 42.6 | year precipitation mm = | source 1 = Weather.Directory |title= Pezinok Weather & Climate Guide |access-date= 15 Jun 2025 |website= Weather.Directory}}

Twin towns — sister cities

Pezinok is twinned with:

References

References

  1. (2015-04-17). "Základná charakteristika". Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic.
  2. [http://www.mindat.org/loc-29147.html Pezinok antimony deposits] at [[Mindat.org]]
  3. "Pezinok".
  4. Ron, Nathan. (2023-10-03). "Johannes Reuchlin (1455–1522): A Unique Philosemitic Public Intellectual". The European Legacy.
  5. "Gastronómia".
  6. "Statistical lexikon of municipalities 1970-2011".
  7. (2021-01-01). "Census 2021 - Population - Basic results". Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic.
  8. (March 2003). "Najviac je Krasňanských". Mesto Pezinok.
  9. "Partnerské mestá". Pezinok.

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