Peak Cavern

Quality 0.50 · 1 view · Updated 2 months ago

Show cave in Derbyshire, England

title: "Peak Cavern" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["castleton,-derbyshire", "caves-of-derbyshire", "show-caves-in-the-united-kingdom", "tourist-attractions-in-derbyshire", "tourist-attractions-of-the-peak-district"] description: "Show cave in Derbyshire, England" topic_path: "geography/united-kingdom" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_Cavern" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Show cave in Derbyshire, England ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox Cave"]

Field	Value
name	Peak Cavern
photo	Peak Cavern 2015 05.jpg
photo_caption	Peak Cavern entrance
location	Castleton, Derbyshire, UK
geology	Limestone
::

The Peak Cavern, also known as the Devil's Arse, is one of the four show caves in Castleton, Derbyshire, England. Peakshole Water flows through and out of the cave, which has the largest natural cave entrance in Britain.

Overview

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/PlanOfPeakCavern,1834.PNG" caption="A plan of the Peak Cavern from 1834"] ::

Unlike the other show caves in the area, Peak Cavern is almost entirely natural; the only artificial part of the cave was blasted to bypass a low tunnel that was only accessible by lying down on a boat. The cave system is the largest in the Peak District, and the main entrance is the largest cave entrance in Britain. Until 1915, the cave was home to some of Britain's lastThe cave-houses at Kinver Edge near Kidderminster were populated until the 1950s. troglodytes, who lived in houses built inside the cave mouth and made a living from rope making, while the depths of the cave were known as a haven for bandits. In legend, it was where thieves' cant was created by a meeting between Cock Lorel, leader of the rogues, and Giles Hather, the King of the Gypsies.Rid, Samuel (1610). Martin Markall, the Beadle of Bridewell. as quoted in {{cite book |title=Becoming Criminal: Transversal Performance and Cultural Dissidence in Early Modern England (Google e-Book) |first=Bryan |last=Reynolds |page=unnumbered |publisher=JHU Press |date=1 April 2003}}

Several passages lead from the entrance, known as "The Vestibule". The only one open to the public is "Lumbago Walk", named as traversing it requires most adults to stoop. The route continues through two main caverns, "The Great Cave" and "Roger Rain's House", and into a passage, "Pluto's Dining Room" – This is now the furthest point currently open to the public, but before 1990 the show cave extended almost twice its current length; down "The Devil's Staircase" to "Halfway House" along a raised bank path which crossed an underground stream known as "Inner Styx" via a series of four wooden bridges, under "Five Arches" to the junction of Buxton Water Sump. This section often floods in winter, and occasionally summer, which required regular clearing of debris and mending of the safety fences at the start of the tourist season in April (cave tours were not an all-year event until 1997). In the mid-1980s, there was a worldwide scare over the possible dangers of radon, a gas found to be present in this lower part of the cave and a potential issue for tour guides frequently exposed to it. This, along with the maintenance required, led to the Five Arches part of the tour being closed to the public in 1989, the same year that the BBC filmed The Chronicles of Narnia at this location. It can, however, still be accessed by cavers, and a ventilation system here expels cave air to surface at Cave Dale. There have since been efforts to return this area of cave to a more natural state by removing features from its show-cave past, including the wooden bridges which had served generations of paying visitors.

From Five Arches, several routes are open to cavers. The main path, to the right, leads beneath "Victoria Aven", a sizeable natural shaft approximately 100 m high, and on to "Far Sump", through which lies the Far Sump Extension. This area was first explored in 1980, but difficult access limited discoveries until routes through from Speedwell Cavern and James Hall's Over Engine Mine were opened in 1996. This permitted further exploration, and in 1999 Titan Shaft was discovered, at 141.5 m the deepest pitch in Britain.

Name

Historically the cave was known as the Devil's Arse, under which name it is described in William Camden's Britannia of 1586:

The cavern was declared to be one of the Seven Wonders of the Peak by philosopher Thomas Hobbes in his 1636 book De Mirabilibus Pecci: Being The Wonders of the Peak in Darby-shire, Commonly called The Devil's Arse of Peak.

Daniel Defoe uses the same name in his A tour thro' the whole island of Great Britain (1724–26):

and also mentions the shepherd story recorded by Gervase of Tilbury.

The name of the cave was thought to have been changed to "Peak Cavern" in order not to cause offence to Queen Victoria during an 1842 visit, but the Queen herself later asserted that she had never visited the cavern. More recently the cave has been promoted using its older, more vulgar name.{{cite news |url = https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2006/aug/05/weekend7.weekend |title = Richard Hawley in Yorkshire and Derbyshire |access-date = 28 January 2014 |first = Richard |last = Hawley |author-link = Richard Hawley |date = 5 August 2006 |newspaper = The Guardian The name may have arisen because of the flatulent-sounding noises from inside the cave when flood water is draining away.

Events

The cavern has hosted concerts by Jarvis Cocker, Richard Hawley and The Vaccines. In 2013 the operators began promoting more concerts and events as a way to secure new streams of income. It was transformed into a cinema during Sheffield Doc/Fest in 2013 for a screening of The Summit attended by 500 people. The success of this event led to screenings every night during Doc/Fest 2014, including Happiness and Cave of Forgotten Dreams.

In May 2022, John Shuttleworth had to abandon a performance in the Peak Cavern, Derbyshire, due to fears of rocks falling down the cliff face. An operation by the Edale Mountain Rescue ensued to reach a walker who had fallen down the side of the cavern and was clinging to a tree above a 100 ft (30 m) drop.

Notes

References

"Welcome to Peak and Speedwell Caverns". Peak Caverns (official website).
"When did Five Arches get closed to the paying public?". PeakSpeedwell.Info.
"Micro Guide: Peak Cavern, Castleton". Peak District Caving.
"Filming locations for ''The Silver Chair''". Internet Movie Database.
Sheldon, Wayne. (2000). "Conservation Work Undertaken in Peak". Technical Speleological Group.
Camden, William. (1610). "Britain, or, a Chorographicall Description of the most flourishing Kingdomes, England, Scotland, and Ireland".
"De Mirabilibus Pecci: Being the Wonders of the Peak in Darby-shire".
Defoe, Daniel. (1724–26). "A tour thro' the whole island of Great Britain, divided into circuits or journies".
''Derbyshire Courier'', 25 November 1905, page 5
Kay, Peter. (30 May 2013). "String of concerts will help raise famous natural venue to new peak". Sheffield Telegraph.
(30 May 2013). "'Once in a lifetime chance' to see films". Sheffield Star.
[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-27323501 ''Martin Scorsese premiere for Sheffield Doc/Fest''], BBC News, 8 May 2014, retrieved 4 August 2014
Pidd, Helen. (8 June 2014). "Pulp to Scorsese: down-to-earth Sheffield Doc/Fest reaches for the stars". The Guardian.
(2022-05-20). "John Shuttleworth cave concert abandoned due to cliff rescue". BBC News.

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::