Panicum

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Genus of grasses

title: "Panicum" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["panicum", "poaceae-genera", "taxa-described-in-1753", "botanical-taxa-named-by-carl-linnaeus"] description: "Genus of grasses" topic_path: "general/panicum" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panicum" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Genus of grasses ::

|image = Panicum virgatum.jpg |image_caption = P. virgatum |display_parents = 4 |taxon = Panicum |authority = L. |synonyms_ref = |synonyms =

  • Aconisia J.R.Grande
  • Arthragrostis Lazarides
  • Chasea Nieuwl.
  • Eatonia Raf.
  • Eriolytrum Desv. ex Kunth, not validly publ.
  • Monachne P.Beauv.
  • Phanopyrum (Raf.) Nash
  • Polyneura Peter 1930, illegitimate homonym not Kylin 1924
  • Psilochloa Launert
  • Talasium Spreng.
  • Yakirra Lazarides & R.D.Webster

Panicum (panicgrass) is a large genus of about 250 species of grasses mostly native to tropical regions.

Description

The flowers are produced in a well-developed panicle often up to 60 cm in length with numerous seeds, which are 1 – long and 1 – broad. The fruits are developed from a two-flowered spikelet. Only the upper floret of each spikelet is fertile; the lower floret is sterile or staminate. Both glumes are present and well developed.

Taxonomy

Phylogenetic studies found the genus as previously circumscribed was polyphyletic, and several species have been reassigned to other genera. Most species in section Stolonifera of subgenus Phanopyrum were transferred to Ocellochloa, while P. venezuelae was placed in the new monotypic genus Drakkaria.

Well-known species include P. miliaceum (proso millet) and P. virgatum (switchgrass).

Selected species

Formerly placed here

Species formerly classified in genus Panicum include:

Distribution

The genus is native throughout the tropical regions of the world, with a few species extending into the northern temperate zone. They are often large, annual or perennial grasses, growing to 1 – tall.

Australia has 29 native and 9 introduced species of Panicum.

Gallery

File:Panicum capillare NPS-1.jpg|P. capillare File:Panicum lycopiodoides detail 2.JPG|P. lycopodioides File:Panicum miliaceum0.jpg|P. miliaceum (Proso) File:Panicum phragmitoides MS 1830.JPG|P. phragmitoides File:Starr 050902-4349 Panicum repens.jpg|P. repens File:Starr 050315-5135 Panicum torridum.jpg|P. torridum File:Starr 020112-0032 Panicum xerophilum.jpg|P. xerophyllum File:Naturalis Biodiversity Center - L.1295307 - Panicum trichoides Sw. - Gramineae - Plant type specimen.jpeg|P. trichoides|alt=P. trichoides, isotype herbarium sheet

References

References

  1. "''Panicum'' L.".
  2. {{PLANTS
  3. ''[[Flora of China]]'' [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=123762 Vol. 22 Page 504 黍属 shu shu ''Panicum'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 55. 1753. ]
  4. [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=123762 Flora of Pakistan]
  5. [http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/floraspecie.php?genere=Panicum Altervista Flora Italiana, genere ''Panicum''] includes photos and distribution maps of several species
  6. [http://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Panicum Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps]
  7. Valdés-Reyna, J., F. O. Zuloaga, O. Morrone & L. Aragón Melchor. 2009. [http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0366-21282009000100006 "El género ''Panicum'' (Poaceae: Panicoideae) en el noreste de México".] ''[[Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México]]'' 84: 59–82.
  8. Morrone, O., A. M. Antón & F. O. Zuloaga. 1995. "''Axonopus''". ''[[Flora Fanerogámica Argentina]]''. 19(1): 11–16
  9. Christian Silva, Júlia da Costa Hillmann, Juan Manuel Acosta, Reyjane Patrícia Oliveira, Fernando Omar Zuloaga, One more step into the resolution of ''Panicum'' (Poaceae) polyphyly: Drakkaria, a new segregate genus from neotropical Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests, ''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society'', Volume 207, Issue 3, March 2025, Pages 208–224, https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae044
  10. (1896). "An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions From Newfoundland to the Parallel of the Southern Boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean Westward to the 102d Meridian". [[Charles Scribner's Sons]].
  11. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9308504#page/169/mode/1up Freckmann, R. W. & M. G. Lelong. 2002. Nomenclatural changes and innovations in ''Panicum'' and ''Dichanthelium'' (Poaceae: Paniceae)]. ''[[Sida (journal). Sida]]'' 20(1): 161–174
  12. Valdes, B. & H. Scholz. 2006. "The Euro+Med treatment of Gramineae - a generic synopsis and some new names". ''[[Willdenowia (journal). Willdenowia]]'' 36(2): 657–669
  13. ''Grasses of the Tweed Valley of NSW: An introductory field guide to locally common grasses: native and introduced'', compiled by Penny Watsford, [[Nullum Publications]], 2004 {{ISBN. 0-9756823-0-X)
  14. [http://ausgrass2.myspecies.info/content/panicum-0 Ausgrass2, Grasses of Australia]
  15. "Atlas of Living Australia". [[Atlas of Living Australia]].

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panicumpoaceae-generataxa-described-in-1753botanical-taxa-named-by-carl-linnaeus