Paksat-1

Quality 0.50 · 2 views · Updated 2 months ago

Pakistan communications satellite

title: "Paksat-1" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["spacecraft-launched-in-1996", "communications-satellites-in-geostationary-orbit", "suparco-satellites", "history-of-science-and-technology-in-pakistan", "communications-satellites-of-pakistan"] description: "Pakistan communications satellite" topic_path: "history" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paksat-1" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Pakistan communications satellite ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox spaceflight"]

FieldValue
namePaksat-1
names_listPalapa-C1
HGS-3
Anatolia-1
image_upright1.0
mission_typeCommunications
operatorSATELINDO (1996-1998)
Insurers (1998-1999)
Hughes Space and Communications (1999-2011) and leased to:
Kalitel (2000-2002)
SUPARCO (2002-2011)
COSPAR_ID1996-006A
SATCAT23779
websitehttps://indosatooredoo.com/
mission_duration15 years (planned)
15 years (achieved)
spacecraftPaksat-1
spacecraft_typeBoeing 601
spacecraft_busHS-601
manufacturerHughes Space and Communications Company
launch_mass3000 kg
dry_mass1740 kg
dimensionsSpan: 21 m
power3730 watts
launch_date1 February 1996, 01:15:01 UTC
launch_rocketAtlas IIAS (AC-126)
launch_siteCape Canaveral, LC-36B
launch_contractorLockheed Martin
entered_service20 December 2002
disposal_typeGraveyard orbit
deactivated2011
orbit_referenceGeocentric orbit
orbit_regimeGeostationary orbit
orbit_longitude113° East (1996-1998)
38° East (2002-2016)
apsisgee
trans_band34 transponders:
30 C-band
4 Ku-band
trans_bandwidth36 MHz (C-band),
72 MHz (Ku-band)
trans_coveragePakistan, Europe, Africa, Middle East, South Asia, Central Asia
programmePaksat constellation
next_missionPaksat-1R
::

| name = Paksat-1 | names_list = Palapa-C1 HGS-3 Anatolia-1 | image = | image_caption = | image_upright = 1.0 | mission_type = Communications | operator = SATELINDO (1996-1998) Insurers (1998-1999) Hughes Space and Communications (1999-2011) and leased to: Kalitel (2000-2002) SUPARCO (2002-2011) | COSPAR_ID = 1996-006A | SATCAT = 23779 | website = https://indosatooredoo.com/ | mission_duration = 15 years (planned) 15 years (achieved) | spacecraft = Paksat-1 | spacecraft_type = Boeing 601 | spacecraft_bus = HS-601 | manufacturer = Hughes Space and Communications Company | launch_mass = 3000 kg | dry_mass = 1740 kg | dimensions = Span: 21 m | power = 3730 watts | launch_date = 1 February 1996, 01:15:01 UTC | launch_rocket = Atlas IIAS (AC-126) | launch_site = Cape Canaveral, LC-36B | launch_contractor = Lockheed Martin | entered_service = 20 December 2002 | disposal_type = Graveyard orbit | deactivated = 2011 | last_contact = | orbit_reference = Geocentric orbit | orbit_regime = Geostationary orbit | orbit_longitude = 113° East (1996-1998) 38° East (2002-2016) | apsis = gee | trans_band = 34 transponders: 30 C-band 4 Ku-band | trans_frequency = | trans_bandwidth = 36 MHz (C-band), 72 MHz (Ku-band) | trans_capacity = | trans_coverage = Pakistan, Europe, Africa, Middle East, South Asia, Central Asia | programme = Paksat constellation | previous_mission = | next_mission = Paksat-1R

Paksat-1, (other former designation as Palapa-C1, HGS-3 and Anatolia-1), was a geosynchronous and communications satellite built and owned by the Boeing Company, leased to Pakistan's Space & Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) and renamed Paksat-1. It was successfully put into orbit on 1 February 1996 as Palapa-C1 for Indonesia as its original customer. But, after the technical problems, the satellite was leased to SUPARCO at an orbital location of 38° East longitude in December 2002. Paksat-1 offers the C-band and Ku-band coverage in over 75 countries across Europe, Africa, Middle East, South and Central Asia. Its customers included government organizations, television broadcasters, telecommunications companies, data and broadband internet service providers.

History

Palapa-C1

PT Satelit Palapa Indonesia (SATELINDO) chose Hughes in April 1993. It was built by Hughes Space and Communications Company for Indonesian telecommunications provider PT Satelit Palapa Indonesia (SATELINDO). It was based on the HS-601 satellite bus. Construction was done at El Segundo, California. Hughes also augmented the new master control station at Daan Mogot City near Jakarta. It had 30 C-band transponders and 4 Ku-band transponders. It was due to be located in geosynchronous orbit at 113° East above the equator.

Launch

Palapa-C1 was launched by an Atlas IIAS launch vehicle on 1 February 1996 at 01:15:01 UTC. The satellites were launched from Cape Canaveral in Florida. The liquid apogee engine of the satellite then raises it to geostationary orbit.

Later Indonesia declared the satellite unusable after an electric power anomaly. The insurance claims were paid and the title was transferred to Hughes Space and Communications Company, and renamed HGS-3, and was then acquired by Pakistan from Hughes Global Services on "Full Time Leasing" and relocated to Pakistan's reserved orbital position at 38° East.

HGS-3

Hughes Global Services purchased the satellite and renamed HGS-3.

Anatolia-1

The satellite was renamed Anatolia-1.

Paksat-1

Pakistan's government approved the acquisition on 3 July 2002 and the leasing with Hughes Global Services was agreed on 6 August 2002. The satellite started moving to its new orbital position on 5 December 2002 and it went through a name change from Anatolia-1 to Paksat-1 on 18 December 2002. After a series of orbital maneuvers, the satellite was stabilized at its final location on 20 December 2002 with 0° inclination. The satellite is in position at the Pakistani-licensed orbital location, 38° East longitude. The satellite was acquired for a cost of around five million dollars.

Mission

The services include satellite communications in both C-band and Ku-band to customers in Pakistan, Africa and the Middle East. Paksat-1's 30 C-band transponders and 4 Ku-band transponders provide total range of satellite communication capabilities.

Payload characteristics

30 C-band transponders and 4 Ku-band transponders provide the total range of satellite communications capabilities. The satellite is in a geostationary orbit at 38° East Longitude, and carries high power payloads in both bands.

Payload characteristics of PAKSAT-1 are as below:

::data[format=table]

C-Band Payload CharacteristicsNumber of transpondersRedundancyChannel bandwidthUplink frequency bandDownlink frequencyBeamsBeam connectivityPolarizationEIRP (at peak of beam)G/T (at peak of beam)
24 in standard C-band
6 in extended C-band
All redundancy available
36 MHz
5925 MHz – 6665 MHz
band 3400 MHz – 4200 MHz
Southern regions
Northern regions
All transponders can be switched independently to downlink in the southern beam. Many transponders can downlink in the northern beam. All transponders can be switched independently to uplink from either beam
Linear crosspol
38 dBW
+2 dB/K
::

::data[format=table]

Ku-band Payload CharacteristicsNumber of transpondersRedundancyChannel bandwidthUplink frequency bandDownlink frequency bandBeamsBeam connectivityPolarizationEIRP (at peak of beam)G/T (at peak of beam)
4
All redundancy available
72 MHz
13754 MHz – 14486 MHz
10954 MHz – 11686 MHz
Southern regions, Northern regions
All transponders can be switched independently to uplink or downlink in either beam
Linear colpol
52 dBW
+5 dB/K
::

Applications

  • Internet backbone extension
  • Point-to-point data services
  • Remote Internet access
  • Broadcast services (video and data)
  • Business VSAT networks
  • Direct-to-home
  • Thin route telephony support
  • Shipboard communications

Channels

Paksat footprints

Paksat-1 has two beams each in both C-band and Ku-bands, i.e. C1, C2 and K1, K2, respectively. In C-band, C1 (Southern Beam) covers mainly African Continent and Middle East. The C2 (Northern Beam) covers South Asia, Middle East, African Continent, Central Asian States and Southern Europe. In Ku-band, K1 (Southern Beam) covers mainly Middle East and Eastern Africa. K2 (Northern Beam) covers South Asia, Middle East and Central Asian States.

::data[format=table] | C1 - Southern Beam EIRP Contours||C1 - Southern Beam G/T Contours | C2 - Northern Beam EIRP Contours|| C2 - Northern Beam G/T Contours | K1 - Southern Beam EIRP Contours|| K1 - Southern Beam G/T Contours | K2- Northern Beam EIRP Contours|| K2- Northern Beam G/T Contours | |---|---|---|---| ::

Future projects

Telesat, one of the world's leading satellite operators, announced on 13 March 2007, that it had signed a consulting contract with the Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO), Pakistan's national space agency. Under the agreement, Telesat will assist SUPARCO in the procurement and launch of the Paksat-1R satellite, which will replace the existing Paksat-1 in 2010.

References

References

  1. "SatCat". Jonathan's Space Page.
  2. (19 December 2009). "Pakistan's Space Programme". SUPARCO Media Research Directorate.
  3. (28 October 2021). "Display: PALAPA-C1 1996-006A". NASA.
  4. (21 July 2021). "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Report.
  5. (11 December 2017). "Palapa-C1 / HGS-3 / Anatolia-1 / Paksat-1". Gunter's Space Page.
  6. (11 December 2017). "Palapa-C1, -C2 / HGS-3 / Anatolia-1 / Paksat-1". Gunter's Space Page.
  7. (5 July 2002). "Pak opts to buy 'defective satellite' to cut costs". Times of India.
  8. "Hughes Global Services to Provide Satellite to Pakistan -- re> EL SEGUNDO, Calif., Aug. 6 /PRNewswire/ --".
  9. "Daily Times - Site Edition".
  10. (18 December 2002). "Transponder Monitor". Satellite Today.
  11. Siddiqui, Salman. (1 August 2012). "Lagging behind: 2040 - Pakistan's space od[d]yssey". The Express Tribune.
  12. "Paksat-1R".

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

spacecraft-launched-in-1996communications-satellites-in-geostationary-orbitsuparco-satelliteshistory-of-science-and-technology-in-pakistancommunications-satellites-of-pakistan