Oiapoque

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Municipality in Amapá, Brazil

title: "Oiapoque" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["populated-places-established-in-1945", "populated-places-in-amapá", "municipalities-in-amapá", "extreme-points-of-brazil"] description: "Municipality in Amapá, Brazil" topic_path: "geography/brazil" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oiapoque" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Municipality in Amapá, Brazil ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

Field	Value
name	Oiapoque
settlement_type	Municipality
official_name	Município de Oiapoque
image_skyline	Oiapoque2.jpg
imagesize	250px
image_caption	A street in Oiapoque
image_flag	Bandeira_de_Oiapoque_AP.svg
image_seal	Brasão_Oiapoque.jpg
image_map	Amapa Municip Oiapoque.svg
mapsize	250px
map_caption	Location of Oiapoque in the State of Amapá
image_map1	Brazil State Amapa.svg
subdivision_type	Country
subdivision_type1	Region
subdivision_type2	State
subdivision_name	Brazil
subdivision_name1	North
subdivision_name2	[[Image:Bandeira do Amapá.svg
leader_title	Mayor
leader_name	Breno Lima de Almeida (PRTB)
established_title	Founded
established_date	1945
area_total_km2	22625
population_note
population_as_of	2020
population_total	27,906
population_density_km2	auto
timezone	BRT
utc_offset	−3
coordinates
elevation_ft	10
blank_name	HDI (2000)
blank_info	0.738 – medium
website	oiapoque.com.br
::

Lying on the northern coast of Brazil, Oiapoque is popularly considered the northernmost point of Brazil. The phrase do Oiapoque ao Chuí ("from Oiapoque to Chuí") means "all of Brazil." However, there are more northerly points in Roraima state such as the municipality of Uiramutã. Oiapoque remains the northernmost coastal city of Brazil, and the northernmost city of Amapá. It occupies more than half of the north border of the state.

Early history

The Oiapoque River was visited by Europeans in the first years of the 16th century. The first European was the pirate Vicente Yáñez Pinzón. It has been called Japoc, Yapoc, Iapoco, and even Vicente Pinzón River. The name Oiapoque was officially used from 1900, when a territorial dispute between Brazil and France was resolved through Swiss diplomatic arbitration.

Clevelândia

Main article: Clevelândia do Norte

At the beginning of the 20th century, the village of Oiapoque hosted a political and criminal concentration camp called Clevelândia. In 1922 an agricultural outpost called the Núcleo Colonial Cleveland was transformed into a camp during the presidency of Artur Bernardes (1922–1926). Many Brazilian anarchist militants were sentenced to hard labour here. Of the 946 prisoners interned at Clevelândia between 1924 and 1927, 491 died. Many of the survivors returned to São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro permanently sickened with malaria.

Geography

Oiapoque is bordered to the west by its long frontier with French Guiana. It is bordered to the north by the Atlantic Ocean. On its eastern and southern sides it borders the municipalities of Calçoene, Serra do Navio, Pedra Branca do Amapari, and Laranjal do Jari.

The municipality contains 24.15% of the 2369400 ha Amapá State Forest, a sustainable use conservation unit established in 2006.{{citation|ref=|language=pt |title=FES do Amapá|publisher=ISA: Instituto Socioambiental |url=https://uc.socioambiental.org/uc/430|access-date=2016-07-06}} The Cape Orange National Park is located on the coast of the municipality, and covers 6573 km2 of rainforest on the coast line.

Oiapoque can be accessed by air via the Oiapoque Airport.

Climate

|rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 395 |Feb rain mm = 345 |Mar rain mm = 396 |Apr rain mm = 450 |May rain mm = 537 |Jun rain mm = 370 |Jul rain mm = 193 |Aug rain mm = 102 |Sep rain mm = 48 |Oct rain mm = 44 |Nov rain mm = 116 |Dec rain mm = 313 |source 1 = Climate-Data.org{{cite web |url = https://en.climate-data.org/location/33757/ |title = Climate: Oiapoque |publisher=Climate-Data.org |access-date = August 14, 2020}}

Kuahí Museum

The Kuahí Museum was opened in 2007 by the four indigenous groups living the municipality: the Palikur, the Galibi Marwono, the Galibi do Oiapoque, and the Karipuna do Amapá. The museum contains more than 400 objects used by the Amerindians. The project was conceived in the 1990s to promote and transmit the knowledge of the indigenous community. The museum is a public not-for-profit entity linked to the Amapá State Secretariat of Culture.

Subdivisions

The municipality of Oiapoque contains three districts: ::data[format=table]

Name / Main settlement	Other settlements
The town of Oiapoque
Clevelândia do Norte	Ilha Bela, Vila Brasil
Vila Velha
::

There are four indigenous tribes in the municipality located in indigenous territories: ::data[format=table]

Tribe	Main settlement	Other settlements
Galibi Marwono	Kumarumã
Galibi do Oiapoque	São José dos Galibi
Karipuna do Amapá	Manga	Espírito Santo, Santa Isabel
Palikur	Kumenê	Flecha, Kamuywa
::

Gallery

File:Oiapoque (43843036234).jpg File:Oiapoque (29623139247).jpg File:Oiapoque (30690801488).jpg File:Oiapoque (29623544497).jpg

References

[https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/ap/oiapoque/panorama IBGE 2020]
"Unidade de Conservação: PARQUE NACIONAL DO CABO ORANGE".
"Aeroporto / OIAPOQUE".
"Kuahí Museum of the Indigenous Peoples of Oiapoque".
Lux Vidal. (2013). "Kuahí The Indians of the Lower Oiapoque and their museum". Cultural Heritage and Museums.
"Histórico".
(2003). "Oiapoque". Amapá Digital.
[http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/estimativa2008/POP2008_DOU.pdf ESTIMATIVAS DAS POPULAÇÕES RESIDENTES, EM 1o DE JULHO DE 2008, SEGUNDO OS MUNICÍPIOS]
Pacheco, John. (2014). "Oiapoque/Brazil". Lonely Planet.
Pacheco, John. (2014). "Tráfego na ponte binacional em Oiapoque terá limitação de horários". G1 Amapá.
[http://www.pnud.org.br/atlas/ranking/IDH-M%2091%2000%20Ranking%20decrescente%20(pelos%20dados%20de%202000).htm] {{Webarchive. link. (2013-07-28 [[UNDP]])
Romani, Carlo. "Clevelândia (Oiapoque): colônia penal ou campo de concentração?". Núcleo de Sociabilidade Libertária do Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Ciências Sociais da PUC-SP.

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