NORBIT

Quality 0.50 · 4 views · Updated 2 months ago

Early form of digital logic developed by Philips

title: "NORBIT" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["logic-families", "digital-electronics", "solid-state-engineering", "industrial-automation", "control-engineering"] description: "Early form of digital logic developed by Philips" topic_path: "philosophy" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NORBIT" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Early form of digital logic developed by Philips ::

In electronics, the NORBIT family of modules is a very early form (since 1960) of digital logic developed by Philips (and also provided through and Mullard) that uses modules containing discrete components to build logic function blocks in resistor–transistor logic (RTL) or diode–transistor logic (DTL) technology. ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/TU60_vs_CMOS_IC.jpg" caption="The TU60 (timer circuit) part of 60-series NORBIT 2 family vs CMOS integrated circuit"] ::

Overview

The system was originally conceived as building blocks for solid-state hard-wired programmed logic controllers (the predecessors of programmable logic controllers (PLC)) to replace electro-mechanical relay logic in industrial control systems for process control and automation applications, similar to early Telefunken/AEG Logistat, Siemens Simatic, Brown, Boveri & Cie, ACEC Logacec or Estacord systems.

Each available logical function was recognizable by the color of its plastic container, black, blue, red, green, violet, etc. The most important circuit block contained a NOR gate (hence the name), but there were also blocks containing drivers, and a timer circuit similar to the later 555 timer IC.

The original Norbit modules of the YL 6000 series introduced in 1960 had potted single in-line packages with up to ten long flying leads arranged in two groups of up to five leads in a row. These modules were specified for frequencies of less than 1 kHz at ±24 V supply.

Also available in 1960 were so called Combi-Element modules in single-in line packages with ten evenly spaced stiff leads in a row (5.08 mm / 0.2-inch pitch) for mounting on a PCB. They were grouped in the 1-series (aka "100 kHz series") with ±6 V supply. The newer 10-series and 20-series had similarly sized packages, but came with an additional parallel row of nine staggered leads for a total of 19 leads. The 10-series uses germanium alloy transistors, whereas in the 20-series silicon planar transistors are used for a higher cut-off frequency of up to 1 MHz (vs. 30 kHz) and a higher allowed temperature range of +85 °C (vs. +55 °C).

In 1967, the Philips/Mullard NORBIT 2 aka Valvo NORBIT-S family of modules was introduced, first consisting of the 60-series for frequencies up to 10 kHz at a single supply voltage of 24 V, only. Later, the 61-series, containing thyristor trigger and control modules, was added. A 90-series became available in the mid-1970s as well. There were three basic types contained in a large (one by two inch-sized) 17 pins dual in-line package, with nine pins spaced 5.08 mm (0.2-inch) on one side and eight staggered pins on the other side.

Modules

Original Norbit family

;YL 6000 series:

  • YL6000 - NOR gate (red) ("NOR")
  • YL6001 - Emitter follower (yellow) ("EF")
  • YL6004 - High power output (Double-sized module) ("HP")
  • YL6005, YL6005/00 - Counter unit (triple binary) ("3C") (violet)
  • YL6005/05 - Single divide by 2 counter (violet) ("1C")
  • YL6006 - Timer (brown) ("TU")
  • YL6007 - Chassis ("CU")
  • YL6008 - Medium power output (orange) ("MP")
  • YL6009 - Low power output (white) ("LP")
  • YL6010 - Photo-electric detector head ("PD")
  • YL6011 - Photo-electric lamp head ("PL")
  • YL6012 - Twin 2-input NOR gate (black) ("2.2 NOR")

;YL 6100 series:

  • YL6101 - Rectifier unit, 3…39V 1A
  • YL6102 - Rectifier unit, 3…39V 5A
  • YL6103/00 - Regulator unit, 6…30V 250mA
  • YL6103/01 - Regulator unit, 1…6V 250mA
  • YL6104 - Longitudinal link for regulator unit
  • YL6105 - Regulator unit, 6V 150mA

;88930 Relay series:

Used to control relays using variable-length pulse sequences (as with telephone pulse dialing).

  • 88930/30 - Input/Output unit Filters an input pulse string and can drive two command circuits and two relay units Contains 1×/48, 2×/51, and 2×/57.
  • 88930/33 - Primary pulse counting unit (dual command) Can trigger two different signals via two different pulse sequences. The number of pulses that will trigger each command is configurable.
  • 88930/36 - Dual command unit Adds two additional commands to the /33.
  • 88930/37 - Quad command unit Adds four additional commands to the /33.
  • 88930/39 - Output unit Can drive two command circuits (in /36 or /37 command units) plus two /60 relay units. Contains 2×/51 and 2×/57.
  • 88930/42 - Empty unit For adding custom circuitry. Comprises an empty housing, connector, and blank circuit board.
  • 88930/48 - Pulse shaper unit for /33 (no housing)
  • 88930/51 - Command preparation unit (no housing) For providing input to command units.
  • 88930/54 - Reset unit
  • 88930/57 - Relay amplifier unit (no housing) For driving a low-impedance relay such as the /60 relay block unit.
  • 88930/60 - Relay block unit Double-pole, double throw 250V 2A relay. Accepts a /57 relay amplifier unit.
  • 88930/64 - Power supply unit Provides 280V 45mA, 150V 2mA, 24V 750mA, and 15V 120mA.

Combi-Element family

;1-series / B890000 series :

  • B893000, B164903 - Twin 3-input AND gates (orange) ("2.3A1", "2x3N1")
  • B893001, B164904 - Twin 2-input AND gates (orange) ("2.2A1", "2x2N1")
  • B893002, 2P72729 - Twin 3-input OR gates (orange) ("2.3O1", "23O1", "2x3P1")
  • B893003, 2P72730 - Twin 2-input OR gates (orange) ("2.2O1", "22O1", "2x2P1")
  • B894002, B164910 - Twin inverter amplifier (yellow) ("2IA1", "2.IA1", "2xIA1")
  • B894005, 2P72728 - Twin inverter amplifier (yellow) ("2IA2", "2xIA2")
  • B894001, B164909 - Twin emitter follower (yellow) ("2EF1", 2xEF1")
  • B894003, 2P72727 - Twin emitter follower (yellow) ("2EF2", "2xEF2")
  • B894000, B164907 - Emitter follower/inverter amplifier (yellow) ("EF1/IA1")
  • B895000, B164901 - Pulse shaper (Schmitt trigger + amplifier) (green) ("PS1")
  • B895001, B164908 - One-shot multivibrator ("OS1")
  • B895003 - One-shot multivibrator ("OS2")
  • B892000, B164902 - Flip-flop (red) ("FF1")
  • B892001, 2P72707 - Shift-register Flip-flop (red) ("FF2")
  • B892002 - Flip-flop (red) ("FF3")
  • B892003 - Flip-flop (red) ("FF4")
  • B893004, 2P72726 - Pulse logic (orange) ("PL1", "2xPL1")
  • B893007 - Pulse logic (orange) ("2xPL2")
  • B885000, B164911 - Decade counter ("DC1")
  • B890000 - Power amplifier ("PA1")
  • B896000 - Twin selector switch for core memories ("2SS1")
  • B893005 - Selection gate for core memories ("SG1")
  • 2P72732 - Pulse generator for core memories ("PG1")
  • 2P72731 - Read amplifier for core memories ("RA1")

;10-series:

  • 2P73701 - Flip-flop ("FF10")
  • 2P73702 - Flip-flop ("FF11")
  • 2P73703 - Flip-flop / Bistable multivibrator with built-in trigger gates and set-reset inputs (black) ("FF12")
  • Dual trigger gate ("2.TG13")
  • Dual trigger gate ("2.TG14")
  • Quadruple trigger gate ("4.TG15")
  • Dual positive gate inverter amplifier ("2.GI10")
  • Dual positive gate inverter amplifier ("2.GI11")
  • Dual positive gate inverter amplifier ("2.GI12")
  • Gate amplifier ("GA11")
  • One-shot multivibrator ("OS11")
  • Timer unit ("TU10")
  • Pulse driver ("PD11")
  • Relay driver ("RD10")
  • Relay driver ("RD11")
  • Power amplifier ("PA10")
  • Pulse shaper ("PS10")
  • Numerical indicator tube driver ("ID10")

;20-series:

  • 2P73710 - ("2.GI12", "2GI12")

Norbit 2 / Norbit-S family

; 60-series:

  • 2NOR60, 2.NOR60 - Twin NOR (black)
  • 4NOR60, 4.NOR60 - Quadruple NOR (black)
  • 2.IA60, 2IA60 - Twin inverter amplifier for low power output (blue)
  • LPA60 - Twin low power output
  • 2.LPA60, 2LPA60 - Twin low power output (blue)
  • PA60 - Medium power output (blue)
  • HPA60 - High power output (black)
  • 2.SF60, 2SF60 - Twin input switch filter (green)
  • TU60 - Timer (red)
  • FF60 - Flip-flop
  • GLD60 - Grounded load driver (black)

; 61-series:

  • TT61 - Trigger transformer
  • UPA61 - Universal power amplifier
  • RSA61 - Rectifier and synchroniser
  • DOA61 - Differential operational amplifier
  • 2NOR61, 2.NOR61 - Twin NOR

; 90-series:

  • PS90 - Pulse shaper (green)
  • FF90 - Flip-flop (red)
  • 2TG90, 2.TG90 - Twin trigger gate (red)

; Accessories:

  • PSU61 - Power supply
  • PCB60 - Printed wiring board
  • MC60 - Mounting chassis
  • UMC60 - Universal mounting chassis
  • MB60 - Mounting bar

Photo gallery

Image:The 60-series NORBIT 2 family 02.jpg|Top view Image:The 60-series NORBIT 2 family 01.jpg|Bottom view

Image:S4793 front 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S7167 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S7167 front 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S7165 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S7165 front 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S7073 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S7073 front 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S4779 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S4779 front 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S4911 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S4911 front 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S4766 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S4766 front 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S4844 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg| Image:S4844 front 60-series NORBIT 2 family.jpg|

Notes

References

https://web.archive.org/web/20180619105935/http://www.radiocollection.be/images/mble_img/mble_auto10.jpg https://web.archive.org/web/20180619105944/http://www.radiocollection.be/images/mble_img/mble_auto11.jpg https://web.archive.org/web/20180619110132/http://www.radiocollection.be/images/mble_img/mble_auto12.jpg https://web.archive.org/web/20180619110140/http://www.radiocollection.be/images/mble_img/mble_auto13.jpg https://web.archive.org/web/20180619110249/http://www.radiocollection.be/images/mble_img/mble_auto14.jpg https://web.archive.org/web/20180619110302/http://www.radiocollection.be/images/mble_img/mble_auto15.jpg https://web.archive.org/web/20180619110254/http://www.radiocollection.be/images/mble_img/mble_auto16.jpg |editor-first1=Fritz |editor-last1=Pohl |editor-first2=Rudolf |editor-last2=Reindl |edition=softcover reprint of 15th hardcover |publisher=Springer-Verlag |date=2013 |orig-year=1967, 1960, 1939 |isbn=978-3-64288368-2 |id=0512 |lccn=67-23459 |doi=10.1007/978-3-642-88367-5 |page=135 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_zymBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA135}}

References

  1. (September 2007). "Retronics - Philips 60-series NORbits (1968)". [[Elektor Electronics]].
  2. (2009). "Packaged circuits".
  3. "Schakelen met NORBITs". [[Philips]].
  4. "Schakelen met de 60-serie NORBITs". [[Philips]].
  5. (May 1968). "Control system design manual for 60-series NORbits: A Guide to the application of electronic logic circuits in industry". [[N.V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken]], Electronic Components and Materials Division (Elcoma), Technical Publications Department<!--.
  6. Stan. (March 1974). "NORBIT 2 and 61 SERIES - Solid state control elements - Data sheets". [[Mullard Limited]].
  7. (April 1969). "Norbit-S-Kompendium". [[:de:Valvo.
  8. (2013-03-07). "Digitale Schaltungstechnik". [[Springer-Verlag]].
  9. TipFox. (1964}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20180619103036/http://galerie.ig-ftf.de/data/media/158/Norbit01.png] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180619103255/http://galerie.ig-ftf.de/data/media/158/Norbit02.png] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180619103355/http://galerie.ig-ftf.de/data/media/158/Norbit03.png] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180619103506/http://galerie.ig-ftf.de/data/media/158/Norbit04.png] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180619102206/http://galerie.ig-ftf.de/data/media/158/Norbit05.png] (NB. An English version of this book was also available as Valvo Pocketbook.)<!-- {{cite web). "Valvo-Taschenbuch". [[:de:Valvo.
  10. (2018-02-24). "Circuit Blocks".
  11. (December 1960). "INTERKAMA 1960 - Dusseldorf Exhibition of Automation and Instruments". [[Wireless World]].
  12. (). "Estacord - Das universelle Bausteinsystem für kontaktlose Steuerungen". {{ill.
  13. (1965). "A new system of digital circuit blocks for industrial measuring and control equipment". [[Philips]].
  14. (1967). "Digital circuit blocks". [[Philips]].
  15. (2003-03-26). "Judicial Greffe - Trademarks Database - Individual Record - NORBITS - TM 2671 - Mullard Limited".
  16. (2003-03-26). "Judicial Greffe - Trademarks Database - Individual Record - NORBIT - TM 2672 - Mullard Limited".
  17. (October 1980). "Semiconductors - Part 5 - Field-effect transistors". [[Philips]].
  18. (1967). "NORBIT 2 - Low Priced Static Switches". [[Philips]].
  19. Philips Nederland n.v.. (June 1967). "Kijk: Norbit 2 is er! Statisch schakelen is nu óók goedkoop schakelen". [[Elektuur]].
  20. (2012-09-08). "The Programmable Logic Controller: its prehistory, emergence and application". [[The Open University]].
  21. (November 1962). "Guide to Circuit Blocks (Combi-Elements) and their use in Digital Systems and Equipment - Part IV". [[Mullard Equipment Limited]].
  22. (February 1962). "Norbit Sub-Assemblies YL 6000 Series". [[Mullard Equipment Limited]].
  23. (1963). "Mullard Combi Elements". [[Mullard]].
  24. (January–February 1973). "Trends in semiconductor digital circuits". IET.
  25. (August 1960). "Prefabricated Electronic Bricks". [[Wireless World]].
  26. (September 1970). "Components and materials - Part 1: Circuit blocks, Input/Output devices". [[Philips]].
  27. (1973-06-18). "Digital Electronics". [[The Macmillan Press Ltd.]] / [[N. V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken]].
  28. (1975). "Digitale Elektronik in der Meßtechnik und Datenverarbeitung: Theoretische Grundlagen und Schaltungstechnik". [[Deutsche Philips GmbH]].

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

logic-familiesdigital-electronicssolid-state-engineeringindustrial-automationcontrol-engineering