Ngaju language
Austronesian language spoken in Kalimantan, Indonesia
title: "Ngaju language" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["west-barito-languages", "languages-of-indonesia"] description: "Austronesian language spoken in Kalimantan, Indonesia" topic_path: "linguistics" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngaju_language" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary Austronesian language spoken in Kalimantan, Indonesia ::
::data[format=table title="Infobox language"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | Ngaju |
| states | Indonesia |
| region | Kalimantan |
| ethnicity | Ngaju |
| speakers | 890,000 |
| date | 2003 |
| ref | e18 |
| familycolor | Austronesian |
| fam2 | Malayo-Polynesian |
| fam3 | West Barito |
| fam4 | South |
| iso3 | nij |
| glotto | ngaj1237 |
| glottorefname | Ngaju |
| notice | IPA |
| image | Larangan Membakar Lahan dalam Bahasa Ngaju 160524001.JPG |
| imagesize | 300px |
| imagecaption | Warning sign prohibiting land burning in Ngaju language |
| map | Southwest_Barito_languages_id.svg |
| mapcaption | Map showing distribution of Ngaju language (green) |
| :: |
| name = Ngaju | states = Indonesia | region = Kalimantan | ethnicity = Ngaju | speakers = 890,000 | date = 2003 | ref = e18 | familycolor = Austronesian | fam2 = Malayo-Polynesian | fam3 = West Barito | fam4 = South | iso3 = nij | glotto = ngaj1237 | glottorefname = Ngaju | notice = IPA | image = Larangan Membakar Lahan dalam Bahasa Ngaju 160524001.JPG | imagesize = 300px | imagecaption = Warning sign prohibiting land burning in Ngaju language |map= Southwest_Barito_languages_id.svg |mapcaption= Map showing distribution of Ngaju language (green)
Ngaju (also Ngaju Dayak or Dayak Ngaju) is an Austronesian language spoken along the Kapuas, Kahayan, Katingan, and Mentaya Rivers in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is closely related to the Bakumpai language. There are three dialects—Pulau Petak (Pulopetak), Ba'amang, and Mantangai.
Phonology
Consonants
Ngaju has the following consonants. ::data[format=table title="Ngaju consonants{{harvp|Mihing|Stokhof|1977}}"] | Biabial | Coronal | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | Nasal | Stop | Fricative | Approximant (Lateral) | Trill | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ::
Vowels
Ngaju has the following vowels. All vowels except can be long. ::data[format=table title="Ngaju vowels"] | Front | Central | Back rounded | High | Mid | Low | |---|---|---|---|---|---| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ::
Orthography
Vowels and diphthongs
- a –
- e –
- i –
- o –
- u –
- ai –
- au –
- ei –
Consonants
- b –
- c –
- d –
- g –
- h –
- j –
- k –
- l –
- m –
- n –
- ng –
- ny –
- p –
- r –
- s –
- t –
- w –
- y –
Vocabulary
Vocabulary comparison between Bakumpai, Ngaju, Indonesian and English languages.
::data[format=table]
| Bakumpai | Ngaju | Indonesian | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jida | Dia | Tidak | No |
| Beken | Beken | Bukan | Not |
| Pai | Pai | Kaki | Foot/Leg |
| Kueh | Kueh | Mana | Which/Where |
| Si-kueh | Bara-kueh | Dari mana | Where from |
| Hituh | Hetuh | Sini | Here |
| Si-hituh | Intu-hetuh | Di sini | Here |
| Bara | Bara | Dari | From |
| Kejaw | Kejaw | Jauh | Far |
| Tukep/Parak | Tukep | Dekat | Near |
| Kuman | Kuman | Makan | Eat |
| Mihup | Mihop | Minum | Drink |
| Lebu | Lewu | Kampung | Village |
| Batatapas | Bapukan | Mencuci pakaian | To wash clothes |
| :: |
Notes
References
References
- Gordon, Raymond G. Jr.. (2005). "Ethnologue: Languages of the World". Summer Institute of Linguistics.
- {{harvp. Mihing. Stokhof. 1977
- "Ngaju language".
::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::