Nazran

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Former capital city in Ingushetia, Russia

title: "Nazran" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["nazran", "cities-and-towns-in-ingushetia"] description: "Former capital city in Ingushetia, Russia" topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazran" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Former capital city in Ingushetia, Russia ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox Russian inhabited locality"]

Field	Value
en_name	Nazran
ru_name	Назрань
loc_name1	Наьсаре
loc_lang1	Ingush
total_width	280
border	infobox
perrow	1/3/2/2/2
caption_align	center
image1	Nazran.jpg
caption1	Skyline of the town from the side of the Nazran pond
image2	Memorial of memory and glory in Nazran.jpg
caption2	Memorial of memory and glory
image4	Жд вокзал Назрань.jpg
caption4	Nazran Train Station
image5	Matt-loam.jpg
caption5	A view of the Matt-loam from the side of Nazran
image6	Заводской район города Назрань.jpg
caption6	The Zavodskoy raion of Nazran
image7	Gamurzievo 1.jpg
caption7	Gamurzievo
coordinates
image_flag	Flag of Nazran.svg
image_coa	Coat_of_Arms_of_Nazran_(2016,SVG).svg
federal_subject	Republic of Ingushetia
federal_subject_ref
adm_inhabloc_jur	city of republic significance of Nazran
adm_inhabloc_jur_ref
adm_ctr_of1	Nazranovsky District
adm_ctr_of2	city of republic significance of Nazran
adm_ctr_of2_ref
inhabloc_cat	City
inhabloc_cat_ref
urban_okrug_jur	Nazran Urban Okrug
urban_okrug_jur_ref
mun_admctr_of1	Nazran Urban Okrug
mun_admctr_of1_ref
mun_admctr_of2	Nazranovsky Municipal District
mun_admctr_of2_ref
area_km2	80
pop_2010census	93335
pop_2010census_rank	183rd
pop_2010census_ref
established_date	1781
established_date_ref
current_cat_date	1967
current_cat_date_ref
postal_codes	386100–386106, 386700, 386899
dialing_codes	87322
website	http://www.nazrangrad.ru/
::

| en_name = Nazran | ru_name = Назрань | loc_name1 = Наьсаре | loc_lang1 = Ingush | loc_name2 = | loc_lang2 = | loc_name3 = | loc_lang3 = | loc_name4 = | loc_lang4 = | other_name = | other_lang = | image_skyline = | total_width = 280 | border = infobox | perrow = 1/3/2/2/2 | caption_align = center | image1 = Nazran.jpg | alt1 = | caption1 = Skyline of the town from the side of the Nazran pond | image2 = Memorial of memory and glory in Nazran.jpg | alt2 = | caption2 = Memorial of memory and glory | image3 = | alt3 = | caption3 = | image4 = Жд вокзал Назрань.jpg | alt4 = | caption4 = Nazran Train Station | image5 = Matt-loam.jpg | alt5 = | caption5 = A view of the Matt-loam from the side of Nazran | image6 = Заводской район города Назрань.jpg | alt6 = | caption6 = The Zavodskoy raion of Nazran | image7 = Gamurzievo 1.jpg | alt7 = | caption7 = Gamurzievo | image_caption = | image_map = | map_caption = | coordinates = | image_flag = Flag of Nazran.svg | image_coa = Coat_of_Arms_of_Nazran_(2016,SVG).svg | anthem = | anthem_ref = | holiday = | holiday_ref = | federal_subject = Republic of Ingushetia | federal_subject_ref = | adm_district_jur = | adm_district_jur_ref = | adm_inhabloc_jur = city of republic significance of Nazran | adm_inhabloc_jur_ref = | adm_citydistrict_jur = | adm_citydistrict_type = | adm_citydistrict_jur_ref = | adm_selsoviet_jur = | adm_selsoviet_type = | adm_selsoviet_jur_ref = | capital_of = | capital_of_ref = | adm_ctr_of1 = Nazranovsky District | adm_ctr_of1_ref = | adm_ctr_of2 = city of republic significance of Nazran | adm_ctr_of2_ref = | inhabloc_cat = City | inhabloc_cat_ref = | inhabloc_type = | inhabloc_type_ref = | mun_district_jur = | mun_district_jur_ref = | urban_okrug_jur = Nazran Urban Okrug | urban_okrug_jur_ref = | urban_settlement_jur = | urban_settlement_jur_ref = | rural_settlement_jur = | rural_settlement_jur_ref = | inter_settlement_territory = | inter_settlement_territory_ref = | mun_admctr_of1 = Nazran Urban Okrug | mun_admctr_of1_ref = | mun_admctr_of2 = Nazranovsky Municipal District | mun_admctr_of2_ref = | leader_title = | leader_title_ref = | leader_name = | leader_name_ref = | representative_body = | representative_body_ref = | elevation_m = | area_km2 = 80 | area_km2_ref = | pop_2010census = 93335 | pop_2010census_rank = 183rd | pop_2010census_ref = | pop_latest = | pop_latest_date = | pop_latest_ref = | population_demonym = | established_date = 1781 | established_title = | established_date_ref = | current_cat_date = 1967 | current_cat_date_ref = | abolished_date = | abolished_date_ref = | postal_codes = 386100–386106, 386700, 386899 | postal_codes_ref = | dialing_codes = 87322 | dialing_codes_ref = | website = http://www.nazrangrad.ru/ Nazran (; {{langx|inh|Наьсаре |Näsare}}) is the largest city in Ingushetia, Russia. It served as the republic's capital from 1991 to 2000, until it was replaced by Magas, which was built for this purpose. It is the most populous city in the republic, with a population of 122,350 in the 2021 census.

Etymology

The name of the town, possibly, derives from the name of the legendary first settler Nyasar (, also referred as Närt-Näsar ).

The town is associated by with the Arabic word "al nasaraa" (النصارى), meaning "Christian", because supposedly Christianity held on for longer in Nazran than in other neighboring places in Ingushetia. Lavrov said that Muslims were already present here in 1405–1406. Vladimir Markovin also stated that the name of Nazran has an Arabic origin while quoting Lavrov.

History

18th–20th centuries

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Nasranova.jpg" caption="''Nasranova'' (Nazran) on the Map "Carte de la partie septentrionale de l'empire otoman" made by Giovanni Antonio Rizzi Zannoni in 1774."] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Memorial_of_memory_and_glory_in_Nazran_2.jpg" caption="Memorial of Memory and Glory"] ::

The aul of Nazran was founded in the late 18th century, with the official date of the foundation being considered 1781. This is based on the report of L. L. Shteder, who during his expedition to Caucasus in 1781, noticed Ingush outposts on the river of . After becoming a military fortress in 1817, Nazran saw large numbers of Ingush population moving into it. It was granted town status in 1967.

During the Russian Empire, the settlement was the administrative capital of the Nazranovsky Okrug of the Terek Oblast. During the Soviet period, Nazran was the administrative center of Nazranovsky District within the Chechen–Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. After the Republic of Ingushetia and the Chechen Republic were separated in 1991, the town became the republic's capital. This brought about a sharp increase in population: while counting 18,246 inhabitants according to the 1989 Census, during the 2002 Census Nazran had as many as 125,056 inhabitants.

21st century

2004 rebel raid on Nazran

Main article: 2004 Nazran raid

In 2004, a group of Chechen and Ingush militants carried out a large-scale raid on Ingushetia, led by Shamil Basayev. The overnight attacks targeted fifteen official buildings in Nazran, and at least three towns and villages located on the Baku-Rostov highway that crosses the republic from east to west.

The raid lasted nearly five hours, and the assailants – said to number 200 to 300 – withdrew almost unscathed; the raiders apparently lost only two men during the attacks. The rebels killed 67 members of security forces, including the republic's Interior Minister Abukar Kostoyev, his deputy Zyaudin Kotiev, top prosecutors, and other officials; they also captured and looted the MVD's armory and police depots. 25 civilians, including a local United Nations worker, were killed in the crossfire.

Federal Interior Minister Rashid Nurgaliyev met with General Vyacheslav Tikhomirov, the commander of Russia's Interior Ministry forces, and blamed them for the high number of deaths. Tikhomirov decided to resign after the meeting.

2008 protests

Widespread protests erupted in January 2008, with a strong government response. The disturbances appear to have been fueled by heavy-handed government and para-military activity, including abductions, arrests and murders. Protesters demanded the resignation of President Zyazikov.

2009 bombing

Main article: 2009 Nazran bombing

In August 2009, a suicide bomber drove a truck filled with explosives into the Nazran police headquarters. Russian news agencies reported that 25 were killed in the attack, and roughly 140 were wounded. It is believed that more bodies may still be in the rubble, yet to be found. The police headquarters was completely destroyed in the attack, including up to 30 police vehicles and munition stores.

Geography

Location

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Matt-loam.jpg" caption="View of Nazran"] ::

Nazran is located in the western area of Ingushetia, at the borders with Prigorodny Raion of North Ossetia-Alania. It also borders the raion of Nazranovsky; and the nearest settlements are Ekazhevo, the new town of Magas, and Barsuki. It is 27 km from the North Ossetian-Alanian capital city, Vladikavkaz, 19 from Karabulak and 54 from Malgobek.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Nazran serves as the administrative center of Nazranovsky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the city of republic significance of Nazran—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the city of republic significance of Nazran is incorporated as Nazran Urban Okrug.

Climate

Nazran has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfb). | width = auto | metric first = yes | single line = yes | location = Nazran

| source ={{cite web |url= https://en.climate-data.org/location/848/ |title= Climate: Nazran |publisher= Climate-Data.org |access-date=December 27, 2017}}

Transportation

Nazran is located on the M29 federal highway and has a railway station on the Rostov-on-Don–Baku line. Magas Airport serves the city and the near town of Magas.

Sport

FC Angusht Nazran is the city's association football club. Its home ground is the Rashid Aushev Central Stadium.

Twin cities

Russia Kislovodsk, Russia.

Gallery

|title= |width=160 | height=140 |align=center |footer= ||View from the city pond |File:Memorial-Nazran.jpg|Memorial for the memory of victims of political oppressions in Nazran |File:Nazran2015.jpg|Panoramic view |File:Nazran (station; 01).png|Railway station building |File:Кинотеатр Матрица.jpg|Cinema "Matritsa"

Notes

References

Bibliography

German sources

Russian sources

Documents

References

{{ru-pop-ref. 2010Census
"General Information". Irkutsk Oblast.
{{ru-pop-ref. 1989Census
{{ru-pop-ref. 2002Census
(December 17, 2019). "Ежедневная деловая газета РБК 227-2014". Litres.
[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7211046.stm "Clashes erupt at Ingushetia rally"] ([[BBC News]], January 26, 2008)
[http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-ingushetia-bomb18-2009aug18,0,5539599.story "Bombing kills 20 in Russian republic of Ingushetia"] (''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', August 18, 2009)
Law #5-RZ
"Nazran".

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