Narnaul

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title: "Narnaul" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["cities-and-towns-in-mahendragarh-district"] topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narnaul" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
nameNarnaul
native_name
native_name_langUnsourced
settlement_typeCity
image_skylineFile:Jal Mahal of Narnaul,Haryana, India..JPG
image_altJal Mahal of Narnaul, Mahendragarh district, Haryana, India
image_captionJal Mahal of Narnaul, Haryana
map_captionLocation of Narnaul in Mahendragarh district, Haryana, India
pushpin_mapIndia Haryana#India3
pushpin_label_positionleft
coordinates
subdivision_typeCountry
subdivision_nameIndia
subdivision_type1State
subdivision_name1Haryana
subdivision_type2District
subdivision_name2Mahendragarh
seatGovernment of Haryana
unit_prefMetric
area_urban_footnotes--
area_rural_footnotes--
area_metro_footnotes--
area_magnitude--
area_blank2_title
area_blank2_km2
elevation_m318
population_total1,45,897
population_as_of2011
timezone1IST
utc_offset1+05:30
postal_code_typePostal code of India
postal_code123001
area_code01282
iso_codeIN-HR
demographics_type1Languages
demographics1_title1Official
demographics1_info1Hindi, Haryanvi & English
registration_plateHR-35 xxxx (for non-commercial vehicles)
HR-66 xxxx (for commercial vehicles)
blank1_name_sec1Sex ratio
blank1_info_sec1901 ♂/♀
blank1_name_sec2Climate
blank1_info_sec2Cw (Köppen)
blank2_name_sec2Precipitation
blank2_info_sec2570 mm
blank3_name_sec2Avg. summer temperature
blank3_info_sec238 °C
blank4_name_sec2Avg. winter temperature
blank4_info_sec204 °C
website
::

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Narnaul is a city, a Municipal Council, and location of headquarters of the Mahendragarh district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is located in the National Capital Region of India.

Etymology

Etymology ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Chor_Gumbad_at_Narnaul.jpg" caption="Chor Gumbad at Narnaul which was made by Afghan Noble Jamal after impressed by Rao Ranmal Singh of Narnaul."] ::

During the early Vedic period of Rigveda, this area was called the Nandigram where rishi Chyavana lived in his ashram. During the later Vedic period of Mahabharta, this area was called the Nara Rashtra which later became corrupted to Narnaul.

History

History

Vedic period

During the Mahabharta period, the Nara Rashtra, on the Hastinapur to Chambal route, was conquered by the youngest Pandava brother Sahdev.

Narnaul is built on a prominent tell, but the tell has never been excavated so the site's earliest history is unknown. The Muslim invader Shah Wilayat came to Narnaul in 1137 CE with sword and jewels (bribes), and he was killed here by the native Nuniwal in the battle — over half a century before the Muslim conquest of Delhi. The dargah built for him has a coffered roof similar to early monuments at Ajmer and Bayana and may have been built during this early period. Some architecture from the time of the Delhi Sultanate survives in Narnaul; the earlier phases are mostly concentrated in and around the dargah complex of Shah Wilayat, while many buildings from the Lodi dynasty are found both in Narnaul itself and on the road to Delhi. These buildings are typically undated.

Medieval period

During medieval period, the native Nuniwal Kshatriyas(Ahir Clan) ruled the area. In 1137 CE, foreign-origin Muslim invader Hazrat Turkman, also known as Shah Wilayat, was killed by the native Nuniwal.

Narnaul is likely the birthplace of the emperor Sher Shah Suri's grandfather Ibrahim Khan Suri; his family is known to have had ties here for multiple generations before him. After his defeat of Humayun in 1540, Sher Shah built a monumental tomb for his grandfather, Ibrahim Khan Suri, inside the dargah complex at Narnaul. This tomb is built in the Lodi architectural style. Later buildings from the Mughal Empire include the Jal Mahal and the octagonal tomb of Shah Quli Khan. An ornate haveli, the Chhata Rai Bal Mukund Das, reflects the "Bengali" architectural style that was spread to northern India at the time of Shah Jahan and was later popular under the Rao Kings of Ahirwal.

Maratha Ahir period

In the 1700s, Narnaul variously came under Maratha and Ahir clans control. The Muslim Nawab of Narnaul took part in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and, after its suppression, the British confiscated his lands and gave them to the Maharaja of Patiala, who had sided with them during the war.

British raj

Battle of Narnaul

Battle of Nasibpur

The Battle of Narnaul (also called Battle of Nasibpur) was fought on 16 November 1857, between the British Raj and Aheer forces during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. In 1857, Aheer leader Pran Sukh Yadav of Behror along with Rao Tula Ram, the King of Rewari and Rao Dhan Singh of Charkhi Dadri fought with the British at Nasibpur village near Narnaul. The battle was one of the most ferocious battles of the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

During the Battle of Narnaul at Nasibpur on 16 November 1857, British lost 2000 British soldiers and their commanders Colonel Gerrard and Captain Wallace, 5000 British soldiers and officers Captain Craige, Captain Kennedy and Captain Pearse were wounded. Colonel Gerrard died after getting mortally wounded in a military engagement against Rao Kishan Singh. When Pran Sukh Yadav took aim at the Colonel Gerrard wearing a red coat whose rest of the soldiers were in khaki uniform, he missed his aim the first time but hit it right the second time and Colonel Gerard was killed in Narnaul. Now mostly population are of Ahirs.

Rao Krishan Gopal, from Nangal Pathani village of Gurgaon district was the Kotwal of Meerut, who had played a prominent part in collaboration with Raja Nahar Singh of Ballabhgarh State, Nawab of Jhajjar, and Khanzada Rajput Raja Salamat Khan of Mewat, by organising the patriotic forces and participating in several battles against the British troops. He and his younger brother, Rao Ram Lal, were killed in this battle of Nasibpur.

Monuments

Forts

Fort

  • Nivajpur Fort, built by Mughal jagirdar Nivaj Ali at Nivajpur village 10 km from Narnaul, has 3 ft wide and 20 ft high stone walls. It had a system of wells, warehouses, stables and a 42 ft wide gateway, all of which now lie in ruins.
  • Islampur Fort, situated in the fields on a hillock between two villages Islampura and Sareli, has enclosing walls. It lies in northwest forested corner of Islampura, 20 km south of Narnaul bus stand and 17 km west of Nangal Chaudhary. In 2025, Haryana government announced a INR 95 crore restoration plan for upgrade of 20 monuments across the state including the Islampur Fort. ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Gopal_Sagar.jpg" caption="Gopal Sagar Narnaul."] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Chatta_Rai_Bal_Mukund_Das_of_Narnaul,_Haryana,_India.JPG" caption="Chatta Rai Bal Mukund Das of Narnaul."] ::

Stepwells and waterbodies

Baoli

  • Nagpurian Baoli or Mirza Alijan baoli, an 18th-century three tier stepwell next to the Chotta Bada Talab and Shiv Temple, is a protected archaeological monument which was built by the local people of trading community who had migrated to Nagpur.
  • Baba Kheta Nath Baoli, at the campus of Baba Kheta Nath Government Polytechnic College.
  • Mukundpura Baoli, 10 km south of Narnaul in Mukundpura.
  • Jal Mahal in southern suburbs of Narnaul. The palace was built in the middle of an artificial lake, and is adorned with art and carvings. One such carving was done in such a way as to praise Shah Quli Khan's victory over Hemu.
  • Shobha Sarovar, south of Narnaul on Narnaul-Behror Road.
  • Dhosi Hill: velconic hill and ashram of vedic period rishis, such as Chyavana Rishi who formulated Chyavanprash.

Other monuments

Other

  • Chatta Rai Balmukund Das (Birbal ka Chatta), built by the Diwan of Narnaul during the reign of Shah Jahan, is a five-storey building with several halls and pillars.
  • Chor Gumbad,
  • Tomb and mosque of Peer Turkman, 12th century foreign-origin Turkmen Muslim invader known as Hazrat Turkman and Shah Wilayat, was killed in 1137 CE by the native Hindu Nuniwal people of Narnaul. His tomb is built in Tughluq architectural style.
  • Tomb of Ibrahim Shah Suri (died 1567-68) of Sur Empire, situated close to the tomb of Pir Turkman. Sher Shah Suri in the memory of his grandfather, who was a ruler of Bengal. The tomb was designed and built by the Sher Shah’s architect, Sheikh Ahmad Niyazi.
  • Shah Quli Khan's Tomb, 16th century the governor of Narnaul Shah Quli Khan during the reign of Akbar, is built in Mughal architecture in Narnaul. Shah Quli Khan commissioned the two-storeyed octagonal tomb on a raised plinth with black and yellow marble and red sandstone during his lifetime. During the pivotal Second Battle of Panipat in 1556, Shah Quli fought against and wounded last Hindu King of Delhi Hemu.
  • Islam Quli Khan's tomb, Islam Quli Khan was a brother of Shah Quli Khan. Islam Quli Khan's brock tomb is situated at a small distance northeast of Shah Quli Khan's Tomb.
  • Tripolia Gateway, lies west of Shah Quli Khan's Tomb.

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Grand_Commander_Sri_Guru_Ajanubahu_Rao_Dhan_singh_ji_Brahman_Rao_of_Charkhi_Dadri.jpj.jpg" caption="Ajanubahu Rao Dhan Singh, a [[Brahman]] Rao of Charkhi Dadri."] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Rao_Kishan_Singh_(KrishanGopal).jpg" caption="Rao Kishan Singh who defeated British contingent at Nasibpur in 1857 and wounded Col Gerrad in direct conflict."] ::

Geography

Narnaul is located at . It has an average elevation of 300 meters (977 feet). The district is rich in mineral resources such as iron ore, copper ore, beryl, tourmaline, muscovite, biotite, albite, calcite, and quartz.

Climate

In winters, the temperature can reach a low of 3 °C. In summer the highest temperature is 48.5 °C, on 28 May 2024.

| location = Narnaul (1991–2020, extremes 1965–present) | metric first = Y | single line = Y | width = auto | Jan record high C = 30.6 | Feb record high C = 35.0 | Mar record high C = 41.0 | Apr record high C = 44.0 | May record high C = 48.5 | Jun record high C = 48.4 | Jul record high C = 45.0 | Aug record high C = 43.0 | Sep record high C = 41.0 | Oct record high C = 40.5 | Nov record high C = 37.6 | Dec record high C = 30.6 | year record high C = 48.5 | Jan high C = 20.5 | Feb high C = 24.3 | Mar high C = 31.2 | Apr high C = 37.8 | May high C = 41.5 | Jun high C = 41.5 | Jul high C = 36.8 | Aug high C = 34.3 | Sep high C = 35.3 | Oct high C = 33.6 | Nov high C = 29.6 | Dec high C = 24.0 | year high C = 32.4 | Jan mean C = 12.9 | Feb mean C = 16.3 | Mar mean C = 22.2 | Apr mean C = 28.8 | May mean C = 33.1 | Jun mean C = 33.5 | Jul mean C = 31.2 | Aug mean C = 29.9 | Sep mean C = 29.4 | Oct mean C = 25.5 | Nov mean C = 20.8 | Dec mean C = 15.5 | year mean C = 24.5 | Jan low C = 5.3 | Feb low C = 8.2 | Mar low C = 13.2 | Apr low C = 19.7 | May low C = 24.6 | Jun low C = 25.5 | Jul low C = 25.5 | Aug low C = 25.4 | Sep low C = 23.5 | Oct low C = 17.3 | Nov low C = 12.0 | Dec low C = 6.9 | year low C = 16.6 | Jan record low C = 0.0 | Feb record low C = 0.1 | Mar record low C = 2.0 | Apr record low C = 9.8 | May record low C = 11.5 | Jun record low C = 11.0 | Jul record low C = 17.0 | Aug record low C = 18.6 | Sep record low C = 14.3 | Oct record low C = 9.3 | Nov record low C = 0.1 | Dec record low C = -0.9 | year record low C = -0.9 | rain colour = green | Jan rain mm = 13.6 | Feb rain mm = 15.3 | Mar rain mm = 5.1 | Apr rain mm = 5.8 | May rain mm = 35.2 | Jun rain mm = 54.7 | Jul rain mm = 151.8 | Aug rain mm = 138.0 | Sep rain mm = 52.3 | Oct rain mm = 10.9 | Nov rain mm = 4.4 | Dec rain mm = 4.0 | year rain mm = 491.0 | Jan rain days = 0.7 | Feb rain days = 1.4 | Mar rain days = 0.5 | Apr rain days = 0.4 | May rain days = 2.2 | Jun rain days = 3.1 | Jul rain days = 5.5 | Aug rain days = 5.4 | Sep rain days = 3.0 | Oct rain days = 0.8 | Nov rain days = 0.2 | Dec rain days = 0.3 | year rain days = 23.5 |time day = 17:30 IST | Jan humidity = 58 | Feb humidity = 58 | Mar humidity = 40 | Apr humidity = 36 | May humidity = 43 | Jun humidity = 47 | Jul humidity = 62 | Aug humidity = 74 | Sep humidity = 61 | Oct humidity = 62 | Nov humidity = 56 | Dec humidity = 61 |year humidity = 55 |source 1 = India Meteorological Department{{cite web | url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf | title = Climatological Tables of Observatories in India 1991-2020 | publisher = India Meteorological Department | access-date = April 8, 2024 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf | archive-date = 5 February 2020 | url = http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf | title = Station: Narnaul Climatological Table 1981–2010 | work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010 | publisher = India Meteorological Department | date = January 2015 | pages = 541–542 | access-date = 1 March 2020}} | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf | archive-date = 5 February 2020 | url = http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf | title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012) | publisher = India Meteorological Department | date = December 2016 | page = M66 | access-date = 1 March 2020}}

Demographics

India census, Narnaul had a population of 74,581. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Narnaul has an average literacy rate of 68%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 76%, and female literacy is 58%. Narnaul having more than 70% majority as Rao Sahab also called Yadavs. In Narnaul, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Hindi, Haryanvi and Ahirwati are the languages majorly spoken in Narnaul.

References

References

  1. "Haryanvi".
  2. Monuments & Sites in Haryana, Archaeological Survey Of India, page 35.
  3. (1993). "The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. VII (MIF-NAZ)". Brill.
  4. (3 December 2007). "Tribune India".
  5. "The Central India Campaign".
  6. Dr Malti Malik, [https://books.google.com/books?id=bMg-DAAAQBAJ&dq=nahar+singh+ballabhgarh&pg=PA356 History of India], p. 356.
  7. "Product Details".
  8. 1981, [https://books.google.com/books?id=sDtazHR4ls4C ''Haryana Review''], Volume 15, p. 29.
  9. Sohan Singh Khattar and Reena Kar, 2021, [https://books.google.com/books?id=M60zEAAAQBAJ&dq=history+of+loharu+fort&pg=PA308 Know Your State Haryana], Arihant Publications, pp 308.
  10. [https://haryanatourism.gov.in/places_of_interest/fortress-of-islampur/ Fortress of Islampur], Haryana Tourism, accessed 17 Oct 2025.
  11. [https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/20-protected-heritage-sites-to-be-restored-beautified-in-state/ 20 protected heritage sites to be restored, beautified in state], The Tribune, 19 Sept 2025.
  12. [https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/18th-century-nagpurian-baoli-in-narnaul-now-a-protected-monument/ 18th-century Nagpurian Baoli in Narnaul now a protected monument], The Tribune, 10 Aug 2025.
  13. 9781598843378.
  14. Manu Smriti, Translated by Pt. Tulsi Ram Swami, published by 'Sarvdeshic Arya Sabha' New Delhi, Chapter 2, Shalok No. 17, page 74.
  15. Bhargava, Sudhir (20–22 November 2009). Location of Brahmavarta and Drishadwati river is important to find earliest alignment of Saraswati river. Saraswati river – a perspective. organised by: Saraswati Nadi Shodh Sansthan, Haryana. Kurukshetra: Kurukshetra University. pp. 114–117
  16. Asher, Catherine B.. (1992-09-24). "Architecture of Mughal India". Cambridge University Press.
  17. "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Narnaul, India".
  18. "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2011 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India.

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