Minuscule 475

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title: "Minuscule 475" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["greek-new-testament-minuscules", "11th-century-biblical-manuscripts"] topic_path: "general/greek-new-testament-minuscules" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuscule_475" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

| form = Minuscule | number = 475 | image = | isize = | caption= | name = | sign = | text = Gospels | script = Greek | date = 11th century | found = | now at = Lambeth Palace | cite = | size = | type = Byzantine text-type | cat = V | hand = beautifully written | note = marginalia

Minuscule 475 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 138 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. Scrivener labelled it number 515. It has full marginalia.

Description

The codex contains the text of the Gospels on 272 parchment leaves (size ),{{Cite book | last = Aland | first = Kurt | author-link = Kurt Aland |author2=M. Welte |author3=B. Köster |author4=K. Junack | title = Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments | publisher = Walter de Gruyter | year = 1994 | location = Berlin, New York | page = 75 | isbn = 3-11-011986-2 }} with some lacunae (John 16:8-22). Other lacunae (Mark 3:6-21; Luke 12:48-12:2; John 18:27-21:25) were supplied on coarse cotton paper by a rude and later hand,{{Cite book | last = Gregory | first = Caspar René | author-link = Caspar René Gregory | title = Textkritik des Neuen Testaments | publisher = Hinrichs | year = 1900 | location = Leipzig | volume = 1 | page = 193 | url = https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n205/mode/2up

The text is divided according to the κεφαλαια (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and the τιτλοι (titles of chapters) at the margin. There is also a division according to the Ammonian Sections (in Mark 233 Sections – the last section 16:8), with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonian section numbers).

The capital letters and Ammonian Section numbers are in red, references to the Eusebian Canons in blue or green.

It contains tables of the κεφαλαια (tables of contents) before three of the Gospels (those of Matthew were lost), lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), versification, and pictures.{{Cite book | last = Scrivener | first = Frederick Henry Ambrose | author-link = Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener |author2=Edward Miller | title = A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament | publisher = George Bell & Sons | year = 1894 | location = London | volume = 1 | page = 249 It is beautifully written but tampered by a later hand.

There is no iota subscriptum, but iota adscriptum occurs 21 times. In Luke 19:39 and Luke 22:70 occurs grammar form ειπαν. Fragments supplied by a later hand contain more itacisms than the manuscript itself. It has N ephelkystikon.

Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Kx. Aland placed it in Category V.{{Cite book | last = Aland | first = Kurt | author-link = Kurt Aland | last2 = Aland | first2 = Barbara | author-link2 = Barbara Aland | others = Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.) | title = The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism | publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | year = 1995 | location = Grand Rapids | page = 139 | url = https://archive.org/details/textnewtestament00kurt | url-access = limited | isbn = 978-0-8028-4098-1}}

According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx in Luke 1. In Luke 10 and Luke 20 it belongs to the textual cluster 475.{{Cite book | last = Wisse | first = Frederik | title = The Profile Method for the Classification and Evaluation of Manuscript Evidence, as Applied to the Continuous Greek Text of the Gospel of Luke | publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | year = 1982 | location = Grand Rapids | page = 61 | url = https://archive.org/details/profilemethodfor00wiss/page/61 | isbn = 0-8028-1918-4 | url-access = registration

In Luke 19-20 it has very good text, very close to the codex Sangallensis, and other old Uncials.

It has some rare readings in Matthew 1:20; 27:33; Mark 10:17; 15:7; Luke 1:34; 14:12.22.27; 15:7; 16:2; 18:6.39; 19:2.46; 20:3.4.12.24.25.28.31.38.47; 21:22.27; 22:17.46.47.56.68; 23:27.38.53; John 6:58.70; 10:23.

History

F. H. A. Scrivener dated the manuscript to the 13th century, C. R. Gregory dated it to the 11th century. Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 11th century.

The manuscript was once in Constantinople. It was brought from the East to England by Carlyle (1759-1804), professor of Arabic, from Syria, along with the manuscripts 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 488.

The manuscript was examined by J. Farrer in 1804, Bloomfield, Scrivener, and Gregory. Scrivener collated and published its text in 1852. The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener (515) and Gregory (475). Gregory saw it in 1883.

It is currently housed at the Lambeth Palace (1192) in London.

References

References

  1. Gregory, Caspar René. (1908). "Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testament". J. C. Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung.
  2. F. H. A. Scrivener, [https://archive.org/stream/MN41408ucmf_5#page/n37/mode/2up ''A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels''] (Cambridge and London, 1852), p. XXXV.
  3. F. H. A. Scrivener, [https://archive.org/stream/MN41408ucmf_5#page/n37/mode/2up ''A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels''] (Cambridge and London, 1852), pp. XXXV-XXXVI. (as f)

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greek-new-testament-minuscules11th-century-biblical-manuscripts