Minuscule 20

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title: "Minuscule 20" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["greek-new-testament-minuscules", "11th-century-biblical-manuscripts", "bibliothèque-nationale-de-france-collections"] topic_path: "geography/france" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuscule_20" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

| form = Minuscule | number = 20 | image = | isize = | caption= | name = | sign = | text = Gospels | script = Greek | date = 11th-century | found = 1669 | now at = National Library of France | cite = | size = | type = Byzantine text-type | cat = V | hand = carelessly written | note = marginalia

Minuscule 20 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), A138 (Soden). It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 11th-century.{{Cite book | last = Aland | first = K. | author-link = Kurt Aland | author2 = M. Welte |author3=B. Köster |author4=K. Junack | title = Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments | publisher = Walter de Gruyter | location = Berlin, New York | year = 1994 | edition = 2 | page = 48 | isbn = 3-11-011986-2}} The manuscript has complex contents and full marginalia. It was prepared for the church reading.

Description

The codex contains a complete text of the four Gospels on 274 thick parchment leaves (). The text is written in 1 column per page, biblical text in 36 lines per page, text of commentary in 51 lines per page. According to F. H. A. Scrivener it is carelessly written.

The text is divided according to the κεφαλαια (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their τιτλοι (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the Ammonian Sections, with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonian Section numbers).

It contains tables of the κεφαλαια (tables of contents) before each of the Gospels, lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), subscriptions at the end of each of the Gospels, numbers of στιχοι, pictures, and catenae. It has the commentaries of (Chrysostomos in Matthew, Luke, and John, Victorinus in Mark).{{Cite book | last = Scrivener | first = Frederick Henry Ambrose | author-link = Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener | author2 = Edward Miller | title = A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament | publisher = George Bell & Sons | year = 1894 | location = London | edition = 4 | volume = 1 | page = 193 It contains the famous Jerusalem Colophon.{{Cite book | last = Gregory | first = Caspar René | author-link = Caspar René Gregory | title = Textkritik des Neuen Testamentes | publisher = J.C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung | year = 1900 | location = Leipzig | volume = 1 | page = 133 | url = https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n145/mode/2up

The text of the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) is placed at the end Gospel of John, after 21:25.

Text

The Greek text of the codex according to Aland is a representative of the Byzantine text-type, but according to David Alan Black of the Alexandrian text-type. Aland placed it in Category V.{{Cite book | last = Aland | first = Kurt | author-link = Kurt Aland | last2 = Aland | first2 = Barbara | author-link2 = Barbara Aland | others = Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.) | title = The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism | publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | year = 1995 | location = Grand Rapids | page = 138 | url = https://archive.org/details/textnewtestament00kurt | url-access = limited | isbn = 978-0-8028-4098-1}}

It was not examined by using the Claremont Profile Method.{{Cite book | last = Wisse | first = Frederik | title = The Profile Method for the Classification and Evaluation of Manuscript Evidence, as Applied to the Continuous Greek Text of the Gospel of Luke | publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | year = 1982 | location = Grand Rapids | page = 53 | url = https://archive.org/details/profilemethodfor00wiss/page/53 | isbn = 0-8028-1918-4 | url-access = registration

History

The manuscript is dated by the INTF to the 11th-century.

The codex was brought from the East in 1669. It was added to the list of the New Testament manuscripts by J. J. Wettstein, who gave it the number 20. It was collated by Scholz and W. F. Rose. C. R. Gregory saw the manuscript in 1885.

It is currently housed at the Bibliothèque nationale de France (Gr. 188) at Paris.

References

References

  1. Gregory, Caspar René. (1908). "Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testament". J. C. Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung.
  2. "Liste Handschriften". Institute for New Testament Textual Research.
  3. [[David Alan Black]], ''New Testament Textual Criticism'', Baker Books, 2006, p. 64.
  4. Jean-Pierre-Paul Martin. (1883). "Description technique des manuscrits grecs, relatif au Nouveau Testament, conservé dans les bibliothèques des Paris".

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