Minuscule 109

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title: "Minuscule 109" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["greek-new-testament-minuscules", "14th-century-biblical-manuscripts"] topic_path: "general/greek-new-testament-minuscules" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuscule_109" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

| form = Minuscule | number = 109 | image = | isize = | caption= | name = Codex Neapolitanus | sign = | text = Gospels | script = Greek | date = 1326 | found = | now at = British Library | cite = | size = | type = Byzantine text-type | cat = V | hand = | note = marginalia

Minuscule 109 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 431 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1326. The manuscript has complex contents.

Description

The codex contains a complete text of the four Gospels with a commentary on 225 parchment leaves (). The text is written in one column per page, 24-31 lines per page. The initial letters in red.{{Cite book | last = Gregory | first = Caspar René | author-link = Caspar René Gregory | title = Textkritik des Neuen Testaments | publisher = Hinrichs | year = 1900 | location = Leipzig | volume = 1 | pages = 152–153 | url = https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n165/mode/2up

The text is divided according to κεφαλαια (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, the τιτλοι (titles) at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the Ammonian Sections. I has no references to the Eusebian Canons.

It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum, prolegomena, lists of the κεφαλαια (lists of contents) before each Gospel, Eusebian Tables, synaxaria, Menologion, lectionary markings at the margin, subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, and numbers of στιχοι.{{Cite book | last = Scrivener | first = Frederick Henry Ambrose | author-link = Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener |author2=Edward Miller | title = A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament | publisher = George Bell & Sons | year = 1894 | location = London | edition = 4 | pages = 209 | volume = 1

Text of Luke 3:23-38 (Genealogy of Jesus) was rewritten from a two-column text. In the process of copying, the columns were confused, and instead of copying them vertically in proper succession, the scribe copied the genealogy as though the two columns were one, following the lines across both columns. As a result, almost everyone is made the son of the wrong father. (For instance, God is made the son of Aram and Phares is made creator of the world. See also Minuscule 80.)

Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Aland placed it in Category V. It belongs to the textual family Family Kx. It is close to Minuscule 54.

According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents Kx in Luke 1. In Luke 10 and Luke 20 it has mixture of the Byzantine families.{{Cite book | last = Wisse | first = Frederik | title = The Profile Method for the Classification and Evaluation of Manuscript Evidence, as Applied to the Continuous Greek Text of the Gospel of Luke | publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | year = 1982 | location = Grand Rapids | page = 54 | url = https://archive.org/details/profilemethodfor00wiss/page/54 | isbn = 0-8028-1918-4 | url-access = registration

It does not contain the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11), but it was added by a later hand.

History

It once belonged to Richard Mead, then to Askew. Richard Mead showed it for Wettstein in 1746. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1883.

It is housed at the British Library (Add MS 5117) in London.

References

References

  1. Gregory, Caspar René. (1908). "Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testament". J. C. Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung.
  2. K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, "Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments", ''[[Walter de Gruyter]]'', Berlin, New York 1994, p. 53.
  3. The source manuscript was possibly written in one column but the genealogy in two.
  4. Kurt Aland, and [[Barbara Aland]], "The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism", trans. Erroll F. Rhodes, ''[[William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company]]'', Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1995, p. 138.
  5. F. Wisse, ''The profile method for the classification and evaluation of manuscript evidence'', ''[[William B. Eerdmans Publishing]]'', 1982, p. 54.

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