Melun

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title: "Melun" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["melun", "communes-of-seine-et-marne", "prefectures-in-france", "senones"] topic_path: "geography/france" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melun" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox French commune"]

FieldValue
nameMelun
commune statusPrefecture and commune
map size270px
adjustable mapMelun_map.png
map captionLocation (in red) within Paris inner and outer suburbs
imageMelun - Hôtel de ville - 20051111.jpg
captionThe Hôtel de Ville
coordinates
arrondissementMelun
cantonMelun
INSEE77288
image coat of armsBlason ville fr Melun (SeineMarne).png
postal code77000
partyHorizons
mayorKadir Mebarek
term2023–2026
intercommunalityCA Melun Val de Seine
elevation m54
elevation min m37
elevation max m102
area km28.04
population
population date
population footnotes
::

|name = Melun |commune status = Prefecture and commune |map size = 270px |adjustable map = Melun_map.png |map caption = Location (in red) within Paris inner and outer suburbs |image = Melun - Hôtel de ville - 20051111.jpg |caption = The Hôtel de Ville |coordinates = |arrondissement = Melun |canton = Melun |INSEE = 77288 |image coat of arms = Blason ville fr Melun (SeineMarne).png |postal code = 77000 |party = Horizons |mayor = Kadir Mebarek |term = 2023–2026 |intercommunality = CA Melun Val de Seine |elevation m = 54 |elevation min m = 37 |elevation max m = 102 |area km2 = 8.04 |population = |population date = |population footnotes =

Melun () is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region, north-central France. It is located on the southeastern outskirts of Paris, about 41 km from the centre of the capital. Melun is the prefecture of Seine-et-Marne, and the seat of one of its arrondissements. Its inhabitants are called Melunais.

History

Meledunum began as a Gaulish town; Caesar noted Melun as "a town of the Senones, situated on an island in the Seine"; at the island there was a wooden bridge, which his men repaired. Roman Meledunum was a mutatio where fresh horses were kept available for official couriers on the Roman road south-southeast of Paris, where it forded the Seine. Around 500 A.D, Clovis I granted Melun to a Gallo-Roman magnate, Aurelianus, who had fought for Clovis several times and apparently influenced his conversion to Christianity.

The Normans sacked it in 845. The castle of Melun became a royal residence of the Capetian kings. Hugh Capet (See also: House of Capet) gave Melun to Bouchard, his favorite. In the reign of Hugh's son, Robert II of France, Eudes, the count of Champagne, bought the city, but the king took it back for Bouchard in 999. The chatelain Gautier and his wife, who had sold the city, were hanged; Eudes escaped. Robert died there in July 1031.

Robert of Melun (c. 1100 – 27 February 1167) was an English scholastic Christian theologian who taught in France, and later became Bishop of Hereford in England. He studied under Peter Abelard in Paris before teaching there and at Melun, which gave him his surname.

In July 1415, Melun was besieged by King Henry V of England, who had recently signed the Treaty of Troyes with King Charles VI of France. The town was in the hands of the Dauphin, later Charles VII of France, who had been dispossessed by the treaty. The defenders were led by Arnaud Guillaume, seigneur de Barbazan, and fought off the besiegers for fourteen weeks before capitulating. The town was liberated by Joan of Arc on 17 April 1430.

The Hôtel de Ville was completed in 1848.

Counts of Melun

Viscounts of Melun

The early viscounts of Melun were listed by 17th and 18th century genealogists, notably Père Anselme. Based on closer reading of the original documents, Adolphe Duchalais constructed this list of viscounts in 1844:

  • Salo (c. 993; possibly legendary)
  • Joscelin I (c. 998)
  • William (possibly c. 1000)
  • Ursio (c. 1067–1085)
  • William the Carpenter (c. 1094)
  • Hilduin, Garin, Ursio II, Jean (unknown dates, possibly not viscounts)
  • Adam (c. 1138–1141; married Mahaut, daughter of his predecessor)
  • Joscelin II (c. 1156)

The title eventually became an honorary peerage. Such viscounts include Honoré Armand de Villars and Claude Louis Hector de Villars. ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/France-melun1095.JPG" caption="Watercolor postcard showing Melun in the 1920s and circa 1095."] ::

Population

| align = none | cols = 2 | percentages = pagr | source = EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) | graph-pos = bottom |1793 |5500 |1800 |6111 |1806 |6818 |1821 |6992 |1831 |6622 |1836 |6846 |1841 |8950 |1846 |9151 |1851 |10395 |1856 |10312 |1861 |11170 |1866 |11408 |1872 |11130 |1876 |11241 |1881 |12145 |1886 |12564 |1891 |12792 |1896 |13641 |1901 |13059 |1906 |13908 |1911 |14861 |1921 |14657 |1926 |15928 |1931 |16356 |1936 |17499 |1946 |17573 |1954 |20219 |1962 |26873 |1968 |34518 |1975 |37712 |1982 |35005 |1990 |35319 |1999 |35695 |2007 |37835 |2012 |40503 |2017 |40032

Climate

|metric first=y |single line=y |collapsed = Y |location = Melun (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1947–present) |Jan record high C = 16.9 |Feb record high C = 21.2 |Mar record high C = 25.6 |Apr record high C = 29.5 |May record high C = 31.6 |Jun record high C = 36.8 |Jul record high C = 41.9 |Aug record high C = 38.9 |Sep record high C = 34.4 |Oct record high C = 29.4 |Nov record high C = 22.1 |Dec record high C = 17.6 |Jan record low C = -19.8 |Feb record low C = -19.7 |Mar record low C = -10.3 |Apr record low C = -4.6 |May record low C = -2.1 |Jun record low C = 1.6 |Jul record low C = 4.0 |Aug record low C = 3.5 |Sep record low C = 0.4 |Oct record low C = -4.8 |Nov record low C = -9.3 |Dec record low C = -14.8 |Jan high C = 6.9 |Feb high C = 8.3 |Mar high C = 12.5 |Apr high C = 16.2 |May high C = 19.7 |Jun high C = 23.0 |Jul high C = 25.6 |Aug high C = 25.5 |Sep high C = 21.4 |Oct high C = 16.3 |Nov high C = 10.6 |Dec high C = 7.3 | year high C = 16.1 |Jan mean C = 4.2 |Feb mean C = 4.9 |Mar mean C = 7.9 |Apr mean C = 10.8 |May mean C = 14.3 |Jun mean C = 17.5 |Jul mean C = 19.8 |Aug mean C = 19.6 |Sep mean C = 16.0 |Oct mean C = 12.2 |Nov mean C = 7.6 |Dec mean C = 4.7 | year mean C = 11.6 |Jan low C = 1.6 |Feb low C = 1.4 |Mar low C = 3.4 |Apr low C = 5.4 |May low C = 9.0 |Jun low C = 12.1 |Jul low C = 13.9 |Aug low C = 13.7 |Sep low C = 10.7 |Oct low C = 8.1 |Nov low C = 4.5 |Dec low C = 2.2 | year low C = 7.2 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 50.9 |Feb precipitation mm = 46.0 |Mar precipitation mm = 46.6 |Apr precipitation mm = 48.8 |May precipitation mm = 61.9 |Jun precipitation mm = 58.1 |Jul precipitation mm = 59.4 |Aug precipitation mm = 54.2 |Sep precipitation mm = 54.0 |Oct precipitation mm = 58.5 |Nov precipitation mm = 56.3 |Dec precipitation mm = 63.2 |year precipitation mm = 657.9 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm | Jan precipitation days = 10.7 | Feb precipitation days = 9.8 | Mar precipitation days = 9.1 | Apr precipitation days = 9.0 | May precipitation days = 9.8 | Jun precipitation days = 8.9 | Jul precipitation days = 7.7 | Aug precipitation days = 7.9 | Sep precipitation days = 7.9 | Oct precipitation days = 9.5 | Nov precipitation days = 10.6 | Dec precipitation days = 11.7 | year precipitation days =112.6 |Jan humidity = 88 |Feb humidity = 83 |Mar humidity = 79 |Apr humidity = 73 |May humidity = 75 |Jun humidity = 74 |Jul humidity = 73 |Aug humidity = 74 |Sep humidity = 78 |Oct humidity = 85 |Nov humidity = 88 |Dec humidity = 89 |year humidity = 79.9 |Jan sun = 59.5 |Feb sun = 82.9 |Mar sun = 142.9 |Apr sun = 188.2 |May sun = 216.3 |Jun sun = 226.1 |Jul sun = 234.7 |Aug sun = 225.3 |Sep sun = 180.4 |Oct sun = 118.5 |Nov sun = 68.4 |Dec sun = 54.4 |year sun = 1797.5 |source 1 = Meteociel{{cite web |url=https://www.meteociel.fr/obs/clim/normales_records.php?code=77306001 |title=Normales et records pour Melun (77) |publisher=Meteociel |access-date=21 November 2024}} |source 2 = Infoclimat.fr (humidity, 1961–1990){{cite web | url = http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie-07153-melun-villaroche.html | title = Normes et records 1961-1990: Melun - Villaroche (77) - altitude 91m | language = fr | publisher = Infoclimat | access-date = 5 January 2016}}

Transport

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/MelunSHIELD.jpg" caption="Melun Shield dating from the 15th century – "Melun (Seine-et-Marne): Azure on a semy-de-lys or a castle with three towers argent. Melun was one of the original strongholds of the royal domain. Motto: fida muris usque ad mures, recalling the siege of 1420 when inhabitants had to eat rats." http://www.heraldica.org/topics/france/frcitdep.htm"] ::

Melun is served by the Gare de Melun, which is an interchange station on Paris RER line D, on the Transilien R suburban rail line, and on several national rail lines.

Main sights

The Collegiate Church of Notre-Dame, Melun was the original home of the Melun Diptych.

The nearby château of Vaux-le-Vicomte is considered a smaller predecessor of Palace of Versailles.

The officers' school of the French Gendarmerie is located in Melun.

Notable people

Melun is the birthplace of:

Education

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Lycée_Jacques_Amyot.jpg" caption="[[Lycée Jacques-Amyot"] ::

A campus of the École nationale de l'aviation civile (French civil aviation university) is located in Melun.

Public high schools/sixth form colleges:

There is one private high school/sixth form college:

Twin towns – sister cities

Melun is twinned with:

References

Sources

  • Initial text from the "Carpenters' Encyclopedia of Carpenters 2001" Compiled by John R. Carpenter.
  • The Viscounts and Counts of Melun are listed in Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln, Neue Folge, Volume VII, Tafels 55 & 56.

References

  1. (30 November 2023). "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises.
  2. ''[[Gallic War]]'' vii. 58, 60.
  3. Meledunum appears in the [[Antonine Itinerary]] almost halfway between [[Lutetia]] (Paris) and [[Rennes. Condate (Rennes)]] ([http://www.sc.edu/ltantsoc/mele0296.htm 'Meledunum"]).
  4. (1972). "Merovingian Military Organization, 481-751". U of Minnesota Press.
  5. (1801). "The Field of Mars: Being an Alphabetical Digestion of the Principal Naval and Military Engagements, in Europe, Asia, Africa, and America". J. Macgowan.
  6. "Melun Town Hall". Structurae.
  7. Adolphe Duchalais, "Charte inedité de l’an 1138, relative à l’histoire des viscomtes de Melun" (Bibliothèque de l’école des chartes vol. 6 no. 6, 1845).
  8. {{Cassini-Ehess. 21914. Melun
  9. [https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-77288#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE
  10. "[http://www.ville-melun.fr/partager-eduquer/scolarite/111-liste-des-etablissements-scolaires Liste des établissements scolaires ] {{webarchive. link. (21 September 2016 ." Melun. Consulté le 29 août 2016.)
  11. "Jumelage". Melun.

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