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Masagana 99

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Masagana 99 was an agricultural program of then Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos to increase rice production among Filipino farmers. The program was launched in 1973 at a time the country was experiencing a rice supply shortage. By promoting high yield varieties, chemical fertilizers, and herbicides, the program initially allowed the Philippines to attain self-sufficiency in 1975–1976, and export rice to its neighboring Asian countries in 1977–1978. By 1980, however, problems with the credit scheme rendered the loans accessible only to rich landowners while leaving poor farmers in debt. The program was also noted to have become a vehicle of political patronage.