Manuha
title: "Manuha" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["burmese-monarchs", "thaton-dynasty", "burmese-mon-people"] topic_path: "general/burmese-monarchs" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuha" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::data[format=table title="Infobox royalty"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| type | monarch |
| name | Manuha |
| မကုတရာဇာ | |
| မနူဟာ | |
| image | Manuha and wife.jpg |
| caption | Manuha and Chief queen statue |
| reign | 1030s–1057 |
| succession | King of Thaton |
| predecessor | Udinna |
| suc-type | Successor |
| full name | [[File:Omx-ရာဇာဓိရာဇပရမေသွရက္ကသွရရာဇအဘေယမဟာရာဇဒေဝတိ.svg |
| house | Thaton dynasty |
| father | Udinna |
| birth_place | Thaton |
| death_place | Pagan |
| religion | Theravada Buddhism |
| :: |
| type = monarch | name = Manuha မကုတရာဇာ မနူဟာ | image = Manuha and wife.jpg | caption = Manuha and Chief queen statue | reign = 1030s–1057 | coronation = | succession = King of Thaton | predecessor = Udinna | successor = | suc-type = Successor | reg-type = | regent = | spouse = | issue = | issue-link = | full name = [[File:Omx-ရာဇာဓိရာဇပရမေသွရက္ကသွရရာဇအဘေယမဟာရာဇဒေဝတိ.svg|330x330px]][[File:Omx-ဒေဝဗဟုညာနသာဂရဂမ္ဘိရသြိယ်နိတ္တျဓရ်မ္မဓရစနေသွရသက.svg|350x350px]][[File:Omx-လတမ်ဗာဝိသေယကြေယ်လောကဝရ်မ္မ.svg|280x280px]] | house = Thaton dynasty | father = Udinna | mother = | birth_date = | birth_place = Thaton | death_date = | death_place = Pagan | date of burial = | place of burial = | religion = Theravada Buddhism | signature =
Manuha (; ; Old Mon[[File:Omx-မကုတရာဇာနာမ.svg|90x90px]] ), or Makuta, was the last king of Thaton Kingdom. Manuha ruled Thaton from 1030s until 1057 when he was defeated by King Anawrahta of Pagan Kingdom. According to the Mon tradition, Manuha was the 59th in the line of kings who supposedly founded Thaton during the time of the Buddha in the 6th century BCE.
Traditional Burmese and Mon reconstructions also hold that Anawrahta, a recent convert to Theravada Buddhism, asked for the Theravada Buddhist canon from Manuha. The Mon king reputedly rejected Anawrahta's request, saying that the uncultured Burmans of the north were not worthy of the religion. This refusal was used by Anawrahta as pretense to invade and conquer the Mon kingdom. Despite this account, it is more likely Anawrahta conquered Thaton in order to check the westward advance of Khmer Empire in the Tenasserim coast. Still according to traditional belief, Manuha and his family along with some 30,000 monks and artisans, were brought back to Pagan (Bagan). Between 1050 and about 1085, Mon craftsmen and artisans helped to build some two thousand monuments at Pagan, the remains of which today rival the splendors of Angkor Wat.
However, recent research—still a minority view—argues that Mon influence on the interior after Anawrahta's conquest is a greatly exaggerated post-Pagan legend, and that Lower Burma in fact lacked a substantial independent polity prior to Pagan's expansion. Historian Michael Aung-Thwin (Aung-Thwin 2005) argues that the existence of Thaton is not supported by contemporary evidence.
Manuha asked and was allowed to build the Manuha Temple in Pagan in 1059. Inside the temple three giant Buddha statues—two sitting, and one reclining—seem too large for their enclosures, and their cramped, uncomfortable positions are said to represent the stress and lack of comfort the 'captive king' had to endure.
References
Bibliography
References
- Spiro 1996: 113
- Coedès, George. (1968). "The Indianized States of Southeast Asia". University of Hawaii Press.
- Htin Aung 1967: 32–33
- South 2003: 67
- Lieberman 2003: 91
- Aung-Thwin 2005
- "Manuha Temple". AncientBagan.com.
::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::