Magnesium iodide

Quality 0.50 · 3 views · Updated 2 months ago

title: "Magnesium iodide" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["iodides", "magnesium-compounds", "alkaline-earth-metal-halides", "deliquescent-materials"] topic_path: "general/iodides" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_iodide" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

| Verifiedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 432125534 | ImageFileL1 = Magnesium-iodide-unit-cell-3D-balls.png | ImageSizeL1 = | ImageFileR1 = Magnesium-iodide-xtal-3D-ionic.png | ImageSizeR1 = 150 | ImageFileL2 = Magnesium-iodide-xtal-layer-stacking-3D-balls-A.png | ImageSizeL2 = | ImageFileR2 = Magnesium-iodide-xtal-single-layer-3D-balls.png | ImageSizeR2 = 150 | IUPACName = Magnesium iodide | SystematicName = | OtherNames = |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | Abbreviations = | CASNo_Ref = | CASNo = 10377-58-9 | CASNo_Comment = (anhydrous) | CASNo2_Ref = | CASNo2 = 75535-11-4 | CASNo2_Comment = (hexahydrate) | CASNo3_Ref = | CASNo3 = 7790-31-0 | CASNo3_Comment = (octahydrate) | UNII_Ref = | UNII = W74QE3H320 | UNII_Comment = (anhydrous) | UNII3_Ref = | UNII3 = 72I5H6SWMT | UNII3_Comment = (octahydrate) | EINECS = 233-825-1 | PubChem = 66322 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = | ChemSpiderID = 59700 | SMILES = I[Mg]I | SMILES2 = [Mg+2].[I-].[I-] | InChI = 1/2HI.Mg/h21H;/q;;+2/p-2 | InChIKey = BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-NUQVWONBAV | StdInChI_Ref = | StdInChI = 1S/2HI.Mg/h21H;/q;;+2/p-2 | StdInChIKey_Ref = | StdInChIKey = BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L | RTECS = | MeSHName = | ChEBI_Ref = | ChEBI = | KEGG_Ref = | KEGG = |Section2={{Chembox Properties | Formula = {{ubl| (anhydrous)| (hexahydrate)| (octahydrate) | last1 = Perry | first1 =Dale L. | last2 = Phillips | first2 =Sidney L. | year =1995 | title =Handbook of Inorganic Compounds | publisher =CRC Press | isbn =0-8493-8671-3 | pages = 240 | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=0fT4wfhF1AsC&q=%22magnesium+iodide%22&pg=PA240 | access-date =2007-12-09 | MolarMass = | Appearance = white crystalline solid | Odor = odorless | Density = | MeltingPtC = 637 | MeltingPt_notes = (anhydrous, decomposes) 41 °C (octahydrate, decomposes) | BoilingPt = | BoilingPt_notes = | Solubility = | SolubleOther = soluble in ether, alcohol and ammonia | Solvent = | LogP = | VaporPressure = | AtmosphericOHRateConstant = | pKa = | pKb = | MagSus = −111.0·10−6 cm3/mol |Section3={{Chembox Structure | CrystalStruct = | Coordination = | MolShape = }} |Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry | DeltaHf = −364 kJ/mol | DeltaHc = | DeltaGf = | Entropy = 134 J/(mol·K) | HeatCapacity = 74 J/(mol·K) |Section7={{Chembox Hazards | GHSPictograms = | GHSSignalWord = Warning | HPhrases = | PPhrases = | MainHazards = | NFPA-H = 3 | NFPA-F = 1 | NFPA-R = 1 | NFPA-S = COR |Section8={{Chembox Related | OtherAnions = | OtherCations = | OtherFunction = | OtherFunction_label = | OtherCompounds =

Magnesium iodide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula . It forms various hydrates . Magnesium iodide is a salt of magnesium and hydrogen iodide. These salts are typical ionic halides, being highly soluble in water.

Uses

Magnesium iodide has few commercial uses, but can be used to prepare compounds for organic synthesis.

Preparation

Magnesium iodide can be prepared from magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, and magnesium carbonate by treatment with hydroiodic acid: | last = Patnaik | first =Pradyot | year =2003 | title =Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals | publisher =McGraw-Hill Professional | isbn =0-07-049439-8 | pages = 527–528 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Xqj-TTzkvTEC&q=%22magnesium+iodide%22&pg=RA1-PA527 | access-date =2007-12-09 : : :

Reactions

Magnesium iodide is stable at high heat under a hydrogen atmosphere, but decomposes in air at normal temperatures, turning brown from the release of elemental iodine. When heated in air, it decomposes completely to magnesium oxide. | first = N. T. M. | last = Wilsmore | year = 1891 | title = Note on Magnesium Iodide | book-title = Report of the Third Meeting of the Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science | editor = James Hector | publisher = The Association | location = Sydney | pages = 116 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ktw4AAAAMAAJ&q=%22magnesium+iodide%22&pg=PA116 | access-date = 2007-12-09

Another method to prepare is mixing powdered elemental iodine and magnesium metal. In order to obtain anhydrous , the reaction should be conducted in a strictly anhydrous atmosphere; dry-diethyl ether can be used as a solvent.

Usage of magnesium iodide in the Baylis-Hillman reaction tends to give (Z)-vinyl compounds. | last1 = Tietze | first1 =Lutz-Friedjan | last2 = Brasche | first2 =Gordon | last3 = Gericke | first3 =Kersten | year =2006 | title =Domino Reactions in Organic Synthesis | journal =Chemical Reviews | volume =96 | issue =1 | publisher =Wiley-VCH | isbn =3-527-29060-5 | pages = 115–136 | doi =10.1021/cr950027e | pmid =11848746 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=qijhLyZ6SokC&q=%22magnesium+iodide%22+reactions&pg=PA59 | access-date =2007-12-09 | url-access =subscription

Demethylation of certain aromatic methyl ethers can be afforded using magnesium iodide in diethyl ether.

Hydrates

Two hydrates are known, the octahydrate and the nonahydrate, both verified by X-ray crystallography These hydrates feature [Mg(H2O)6]2+ ions.

References

References

  1. [http://www.alfa-chemcat.com/daten_msds/GB/14283_-Magnesium_iodide(GB).pdf ''Magnesium Iodide MSDS at AlfaAesar'']{{dead link. (January 2018)
  2. (October 1999). "Regioselective demethylation of 2,6-dimethoxybenzaldehydes with magnesium iodide etherate". Tetrahedron Letters.
  3. (2013). "Crystal Structures of Hydrates of Simple Inorganic Salts. I. Water-Rich Magnesium Halide Hydrates MgCl2·8H2O, MgCl2·12H2O, MgBr2·6H2O, MgBr2·9H2O, MgI2·8H2O and MgI2·9H2O". Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications.

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

iodidesmagnesium-compoundsalkaline-earth-metal-halidesdeliquescent-materials