M94 Group
Galaxy cluster in the constellations Coma Berenices and Canes Venatici
title: "M94 Group" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["m94-group", "galaxy-clusters", "virgo-supercluster", "canes-venatici", "coma-berenices"] description: "Galaxy cluster in the constellations Coma Berenices and Canes Venatici" topic_path: "general/m94-group" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M94_Group" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary Galaxy cluster in the constellations Coma Berenices and Canes Venatici ::
| name = M94 Group | image = |caption = Messier 94, the brightest galaxy in the M94 Group. | epoch=J2000 | ra ={{cite journal | author=A. Garcia | title=General study of group membership. II – Determination of nearby groups | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement | date=1993 | volume=100 | pages=47–90 | bibcode=1993A&AS..100...47G}}{{cite journal |author1=G. Giuricin |author2=C. Marinoni |author3=L. Ceriani |author4=A. Pisani | title=Nearby Optical Galaxies: Selection of the Sample and Identification of Groups | journal=Astrophysical Journal | date=2000 | volume=543 | issue=1 | pages=178–194 | bibcode=2000ApJ...543..178G | doi=10.1086/317070|arxiv = astro-ph/0001140 |s2cid=9618325 }} | dec= | constellation = Canes Venatici & Coma Berenices | member_no = 16–24 | brightest_member = M94, M106, | other_names = NGC 4736 Group,{{cite simbad | title=NAME CVn I Group | access-date=2006-10-30}} Canes Venatici I Group, Canes Venatici Cloud, LGG 291, NOGG H 617, NOGG P1 636, NOGG P2 647}}
The M94 Group (Canes I Group or Canes Venatici I Group) is a loose, extended group of galaxies located about 13 million light-years away{{cite journal | author=I. D. Karachentsev | title=The Local Group and Other Neighboring Galaxy Groups | journal=Astronomical Journal | date=2005 | volume=129 | issue=1 | pages=178–188 | bibcode=2005AJ....129..178K | doi=10.1086/426368|arxiv = astro-ph/0410065 | s2cid=119385141 | author= R. B. Tully | title=The Local Supercluster | journal=Astrophysical Journal | date=1982 | volume=257 | pages=389–422 | bibcode=1982ApJ...257..389T | doi=10.1086/159999| doi-access=free
Although the galaxies in this cluster appear to be from a single large cloud-like structure, many of the galaxies within the group are only weakly gravitationally bound, and some have not yet formed stable orbits around the center of this group. Instead, most of the galaxies in this group appear to be moving with the expansion of the universe.{{cite journal |author1=I. D. Karachentsev |author2=M. E. Sharina |author3=A. E. Dolphin |author4=E. K. Grebel |author5=D. Geisler |author6=P. Guhathakurta |author7=P. W. Hodge |author8=V. E. Karachentseva |author9=A. Sarajedini |author10=P. Seitzer | title=Galaxy flow in the Canes Venatici I cloud | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | date=2003 | volume=398 | issue=2 | pages=467–477 | bibcode=2003A&A...398..467K | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20021598|arxiv = astro-ph/0210414 |s2cid=6310283 }}
Members
The table below lists galaxies that have been consistently identified as group members in the Nearby Galaxies Catalog,{{cite book | author=R. B. Tully | date=1988 | title=Nearby Galaxies Catalog | publisher=Cambridge University Press | location=Cambridge | isbn=0-521-35299-1}} the Lyons Groups of Galaxies (LGG) Catalog, and the three group lists created from the Nearby Optical Galaxy sample of Giuricin et al.
::data[format=table title="'''Members of the M94 Group'''"]
| Name | Type{{cite web | R.A. (J2000) | Dec. (J2000) | Redshift (km/s) | Apparent Magnitude |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| title=NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database | work=Results for various galaxies | url=http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/ | access-date=2006-11-06}} | ||
| IC 3687 | IAB(s)m | 354 ± 1 | 13.7 | ||
| IC 4182 | SA(s)m | 321 ± 1 | 13.0 | ||
| M94 | (R)SA(r)ab | 308 ± 1 | 9.0 | ||
| NGC 4144 | SAB(s)cd | 265 ± 1 | 12.1 | ||
| NGC 4190 | Im pec | 228 ± 1 | 13.4 | ||
| NGC 4214 | IAB(s)m | 291 ± 3 | 10.2 | ||
| NGC 4244 | SA(s)cd | 244 | 10.9 | ||
| NGC 4395 | SA(s)m | 319 ± 1 | 10.6 | ||
| NGC 4449 | IBm | 207 ± 4 | 10.0 | ||
| UGC 6817 | Im | 242 ± 1 | 13.4 | ||
| UGC 7559 | IBm | 218 ± 5 | 14.2 | ||
| UGC 7577 | Im | 195 | 12.8 | ||
| UGC 7698 | Im | 331 ± 1 | 13.0 | ||
| M64 | SABa | 12h 56m 43.7s | +21° 40’ 57” | 408 ± 4 | 9.36 |
| UGC 8320 | IBm | 192 ± 1 | 12.7 | ||
| :: |
Additionally, NGC 4105 and DDO 169 are frequently but not consistently identified as members of this group in the references cited above.
The brightest member in this galaxy group is questionable and partly depends on the analysis used to determine group members. The LGG Catalog identifies M106 as part of this group, which would make it the brightest galaxy within the group. However, the other catalogs cited above do not identify M106 as a group member, in which case M94 would be the brightest galaxy within the group.
M64 is thought to be located in the group as an isolated member.
Canes Venatici Cloud
This galaxy group is sometimes erroneously called the Canes Venatici Cloud, a larger structure of which it is a member. A galaxy cloud is a supercluster substructure. The CVn Cloud used in this manner is identified by Tully and de Vaucoleurs.
References
References
- "M 64".
- "Redshift data for Messier Galaxies".
- "Messier 64 (NGC 4826) Blackeye Galaxy {{!}} Coma Berenices".
- Israel, F. P.. (January 2009). "CI and CO in nearby galaxy centers. The bright galaxies NGC 1068 (M 77), NGC 2146, NGC 3079, NGC 4826 (M 64), and NGC 7469". Astronomy and Astrophysics.
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