Lowell Line

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MBTA Commuter Rail line

title: "Lowell Line" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["mbta-commuter-rail"] description: "MBTA Commuter Rail line" topic_path: "general/mbta-commuter-rail" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lowell_Line" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary MBTA Commuter Rail line ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox rail line"]

Field	Value
name	Lowell Line
color
image	MBTA commuter rail train at Anderson RTC, 2023.jpg
image_width	300px
caption	An outbound train arriving at Anderson RTC in 2023
type	Commuter rail
system	MBTA Commuter Rail
status	Operational
locale	Northeastern Massachusetts
start	Lowell
end	North Station
stations	9
trainnumber	300–393 (weekdays)
5306–5393 (weekends)
daily_ridership	6,297 (2024) (October 2022)
open	1835 (Boston and Lowell Railroad)
owner	Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority
operator	Keolis North America
linelength	25.4 miles
tracks	2
gauge
map	{{switcher
{{maplink-road	from
::

| name = Lowell Line | color = | image = MBTA commuter rail train at Anderson RTC, 2023.jpg | image_width = 300px | caption = An outbound train arriving at Anderson RTC in 2023 | type = Commuter rail | system = MBTA Commuter Rail | status = Operational | locale = Northeastern Massachusetts | start = Lowell | end = North Station | stations = 9 | routes = | trainnumber = 300–393 (weekdays) 5306–5393 (weekends) | daily_ridership = 6,297 (2024) (October 2022) | open = 1835 (Boston and Lowell Railroad) | close = | owner = Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority | operator = Keolis North America | character = | stock = | linelength = 25.4 miles | tracklength = | tracks = 2 | gauge = | electrification = | speed = | elevation = | map = {{switcher | |Show interactive map | |Show route diagram map | map_state =

The Lowell Line is a commuter rail service of the MBTA Commuter Rail system, running north–south between Boston and Lowell, Massachusetts. It is 25.4 miles long, with nine stations including the terminals at North Station and Lowell station. All stations are accessible except for , which has been indefinitely closed since 2020.

Lowell Line service runs on the New Hampshire Main Line, originally built as the Boston and Lowell Railroad in 1835. It was leased by the Boston and Maine Railroad in 1887. Local service operated between Boston and Concord, New Hampshire, with most trains using the Woburn Loop until 1959. The final Concord service ended in 1967 during the transition to Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority subsidization, leaving Lowell–Boston and Woburn–Boston service. Concord service briefly resumed in 1980–81; Woburn service ended in 1981.

History

Boston and Lowell Railroad

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Lowell_station_with_train_postcard,_circa_1920.jpg" caption="Early-20th-century postcard of a train at Lowell Union Station"] ::

The Boston and Lowell Railroad started freight operations in 1835, with traffic from the Lowell mills to the Boston port. Demand for the express passenger service exceeded expectations, and in 1842 local service was added as well. The line north of Lowell was first owned by the Boston, Concord & Montreal Railroad, which was chartered in 1844. Trackage was completed as far as Wells River, Vermont, in 1853. The Boston & Maine Railroad (B&M) acquired the railroad in 1895. The line served as the route for Boston to Montreal service during the Golden Age of Rail (roughly 1880 to 1940). The Ambassador, the train from Boston's North Station to Montreal, ran through Concord, New Hampshire, along this line until 1966. This line, along with the New Englander, via Concord, White River Junction, Montpelier, ran through the northwestern section of Vermont prior to entering Quebec, Canada. The Alouette and Red Wing trains travelled to Montreal via Concord, Plymouth, Wells River and Newport in northeastern Vermont prior to entering Quebec. (The route via Wells River, St. Johnsbury and Newport was the more direct route of the two itineraries.) For this itinerary the Montreal route was marketed as an Air-line railroad.

Service cuts effective May 18, 1958, included the end of Stoneham Branch service and the closure of Medford Hillside, Tufts College, and North Somerville stations. Further cuts on June 14, 1959, ended service north of Woburn on the Woburn Loop; trains for points north were rerouted via the mainline to the east. Boston–Lowell local service was halved to seven daily round trips; Tyngsboro, Bleachery, and South Wilmington stations were closed. B&M passenger service to Boston on the line was shortened from Concord, New Hampshire, to Lowell in 1967.

MBTA era

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Tufts_University_station_with_RDC,_September_1977.png" caption="A train at Tufts University station in 1977"] ::

In 1973, the MBTA bought the Lowell line, along with the Haverhill and all other local Greater Boston passenger lines. Along with the sale, the B&M contracted to run the passenger service on the Lowell line for the MBTA. After bankruptcy, the B&M continued to run and fulfill its commuter rail contract under the protection of the United States Bankruptcy Court, in the hopes that a reorganization could make it profitable again. It emerged from the court's protection when newly formed Guilford Transportation Industries (GTI) purchased it in 1983.

For approximately thirteen months in 1980–81, daily passenger service was provided to Concord. Two round-trips were operated on each weekday and one on weekend days. Originally, there were intermediate stops in Manchester and Nashua. A stop in Merrimack was added later. Service was discontinued when federal funding was withdrawn.

Anderson Regional Transportation Center opened on April 28, 2001, replacing Mishawum as the Lowell Line's primary park-and-ride station for Route 128. Mishawum was reduced to limited reverse-peak service. The line was shut down on weekends in July through September 2017 for the installation of Positive Train Control equipment in order to meet a 2020 federal deadline.

2020s

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Lowell_Line_train_passing_Ball_Square_station_construction,_September_2022.JPG" caption="Lowell Line train passing the nearly-complete [[Ball Square station]] in September 2022"] ::

Substantially reduced schedules due to the COVID-19 pandemic were in effect from March 16 to June 23, 2020, and from December 14, 2020, to April 5, 2021. Until December 2020, a small number of Haverhill Line trains ran via the Wildcat Branch and the inner Lowell Line, making stops between Anderson/Woburn and West Medford. Some Haverhill Line trains resumed using this routing on April 5, 2021, but no longer make stops on the Lowell Line.

By February 2022, the line had round trips on weekdays and nine on weekends. By October 2022, the line had 6,485 daily riders – 59% of pre-COVID ridership. In June 2022, the MBTA indicated it was considering improvements to a siding in Woburn, which would have allowed 30-minute headways between Boston and Anderson/Woburn by 2024. The Medford Branch of the Green Line Extension, which opened on December 12, 2022, runs along the Lowell Line through Somerville and part of Medford. There are five Green Line stations on the branch, but no additional commuter rail stops were added.

From September 9 to November 5, 2023, all outer Haverhill Line service was routed over the Wildcat Branch during signal work on the inner part of the Haverhill Line. The diverted trains stopped only at Anderson/Woburn. On March 25, 2024, weekday midday service was reduced to two-hour headways to accommodate construction including reconstruction of Winchester Center station, fiber optic cable work, and replacement of a bridge on the High Line in the Inner Belt District. From May 20 to September 29, 2024, weekday midday inbound Haverhill Line trains were temporarily routed over the Wildcat Branch during construction work on the inner Haverhill Line, again stopping only at Anderson/Woburn. Regular midday service on the Lowell Line resumed on June 2, 2025.

Proposed expansion to New Hampshire

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/MBTA_demonstration_train_at_Concord,_N.H.,_May_1979.jpg" caption="An MBTA demonstration train at Concord, New Hampshire, in 1979"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/1980_NH_service.jpg" caption="For a time in 1980-81, some MBTA Commuter Rail trains routed on the New Hampshire Main ran as far up as Concord."] ::

MBTA Commuter Rail service connecting Concord, Manchester and Nashua from the Lowell Line used to exist in New Hampshire until subsidies were ceased in 1967. The service came back in 1980 for a quick 13 month return, but the program grant was cut by the Reagan administration in 1981, and commuter rail service has remained not available. In October 2010, the New Hampshire Department of Transportation received a $2.24 million federal grant to study an extension of the Lowell Line to Concord. In January 2011, a bill was introduced into the New Hampshire legislature to end the proposed extension and give up a potential $4.1 million grant into its planning. The MBTA acquired trackage rights from Pan Am in May 2011 as part of a larger transaction.

The project was estimated to cost $246 million in a 2014 NHDOT report. Extending service to NH was projected to provide an expected 34 trains a day to Nashua and 16 a day to Manchester, connecting commuters from Nashua to Boston as low as 54 minutes and commuters from Manchester to Boston in as low as 1 hour and 25 minutes with 3,120 passengers a day. Proponents of the extension see expanded rail services as a link to Boston’s growing economy while opponents consider the project to be extraneous and expensive.

In December 2020, a $5.5 million contract was awarded to AECOM for preliminary engineering and design work, environmental and public engagement services, and final design, for the project to extend MBTA commuter rail service to southern New Hampshire. The project called for the extension of the Lowell Line up through Nashua and Manchester along an existing rail alignment. The proposed expansion would include four new stops: South Nashua, Crown Street in Nashua, Bedford, and Manchester. In January of 2022, the Manchester Board of Mayor and Aldermen approved the location for new facilities to house layover trains adjacent to the Manchester Transit Authority facilities.

By autumn 2022, the study was being carried out by AECOM and the State of New Hampshire to design and make a financial plan for the project by 2023. In December 2022, the New Hampshire Executive Council voted to cease state funding for an extension of the AECOM study; the study reported an updated project cost of $782 million. As of , corridor planning for the extension has been indefinitely postponed.

Operations

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Downeaster_passing_Gilman_Square_station_construction,_July_2019.JPG" caption="A ''Downeaster'' train in Somerville"] ::

Track speeds

North of Wilmington, the line is authorized for a maximum of 60 mph. South of Wilmington, the line has an unusual asymmetrical speed limit. The northbound track supports up to 70 mph where curvature allows, while the southbound track has a maximum of 60 mph. Additional speed restrictions are in place at Wilmington, through the grade crossings in West Medford, and in the North Station terminal area.

Other services

Amtrak's Downeaster service to Maine, along with some Haverhill Line express trains, run on the Lowell Line from North Station to Wilmington, then follow the Wildcat Branch to the Haverhill Line. This routing is used to avoid the inner Haverhill Line, which has a number of single-track sections.

The line is the designated freight clearance route into Boston from the north; all stations with high-level platforms must either have mini-high platforms or a freight passing track. Pan Am Railways runs freight on the line, including local freights based out of Lawrence Yard and DOBO (a Dover to Boston through freight).

Station listing

::data[format=table]

State	Fare zone	Location	Miles (km)	Connections and notes
MA	1A	Boston	0.0 miles	:
: Fitchburg Line, Haverhill Line, Newburyport/Rockport Line
: , (D and E branches)
:

Woburn Branch

::data[format=table]

Location	Miles (km)	Station	Connections and notes
Winchester	7.8 miles		Junction with mainline
Woburn	9.0 miles		url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/38328189/the_boston_globe/
9.8 miles		Closed February 1, 1981
* Closed station*
::

References

{{MBTA Commuter Rail 2024 ridership
{{MBTA Bluebook 2014
(19 April 2007). "Boston, Concord & Montreal Railroad waymark". Waymarking.
See also [[Boston and Maine Corporation#Acquisitions]]
Mike Schafer, ''Classic American Trains,'' p. 31.
"Map of the Montreal and Boston Air Line, Passumpsic, and South Eastern Railroads, and connections". David Rumsey Map Collection.
(1985). "Boston's Commuter Rail: The First 150 Years". Boston Street Railway Association.
(May 13, 1959). "Cities, Towns, Labor Officials Protest State O.K. of B&M Cutbacks". Boston Globe.
Skoropowski. (1 August 2008). "N.H. commuter rail: a success in 1980.". New Hampshire Business Review.
(March 4, 2012). "Still plenty of parking at the Anderson lot in Woburn". Boston Globe.
(March 27, 2017). "Commuter Rail Positive Train Control (PTC): Update and Communications Plan for Suspension of Weekend Service". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
(November 2, 2020). "Lowell Line: Fall/Winter Schedule". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
(December 14, 2020). "2020/2021 Reduced Service Schedule: Lowell Line". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
(April 5, 2021). "Haverhill Line 2021 Spring Schedule". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
(April 5, 2021). "Lowell Line 2021 Spring Schedule". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
Belcher, Jonathan. (January–February 2022). "MBTA Vehicle Inventory as of February 28, 2022". [[Boston Street Railway Association]].
Poftak, Steve. (October 27, 2022). "GM Report". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
Sawers, Alistar. (June 23, 2022). "Regional Rail Transformation Update: Traction Power Planning for Regional and Urban Rail Services". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
(August 10, 2023). "Service Disruption September 9 to November 5 on Haverhill Commuter Rail Line". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
(March 21, 2024). "Temporary Changes to Lowell Commuter Rail Schedule Take Effect March 25". Keolis North America.
(March 25, 2024). "Lowell Line Fall/Winter Construction Schedule". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
(May 20, 2024). "Haverhill Line Spring/Summer Schedule". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
(May 20, 2024). "June Service Changes: MBTA Continues Repair Work to Improve Reliability Across the System". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
(September 30, 2024). "Alerts: Haverhill Line". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
(May 22, 2025). "MBTA and Keolis Announce Schedule Changes on Commuter Rail Effective June 2". Keolis North America.
(June 2, 2025). "Lowell Line Spring/Summer Schedule". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
(October 25, 2010). "Governor Patrick, Congressional Delegation Announce More than $160 Million In Federal Rail Grants". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
(8 February 2011). "New Hampshire Republicans plan to kill commuter line". Trains Magazine.
(May 3, 2011). "MassDOT Board Approves Agreement to Build New Lechmere Station, Crucial to Green Line Extension". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
Cronin, Mike. (2021-11-18). "Commuter rail to New Hampshire debate returns after infrastructure bill signing".
NHDOT. (Dec 2014). "State Project Numbers 16317 and 68067-A".
Leader, Josie Albertson-Grove New Hampshire Union. (17 November 2021). "Commuter rail moving ahead, but planning on track through at least 2023".
(2022-01-13). "NH House to Debate Bill Protecting NH Taxpayers From Subsidizing New Rail Projects".
Kitch, Michael. (December 22, 2020). "New Hampshire Executive Council OKs start of Capitol Corridor design". NH Business Review.
NHDOT. (Apr 27, 2021). "Nashua-Manchester (Capitol Corridor) Project Development Phase".
(August 4, 2021). "Aldermen support downtown rail station concept | Manchester Ink Link".
(2022-01-19). "Aldermen approve layover site for commuter rail line {{!}} Manchester Ink Link".
Wade, Christian. (22 December 2022). "New Hampshire panel axes funding for regional commuter rail".
NHDOT. (March 2023). "Capitol Corridor Commuter Rail Extension Project Winter 2023".
Landrigan, Kevin. (February 26, 2023). "Boston to Manchester rail study: $782 million to build, $17 million a year to run".
Winters, Shelley. (March 8, 2023). "Pre-Decisional Draft for Information Purposes: Environmental Assessment, Nashua-Manchester, 40818 (Capitol Corridor Commuter Rail Extension)".
"COMMENTARY: Executive Council derails commuter rail".
Blanchard, Byline: Mya. (2024-09-26). "Update on commuter rail exploration project » Nashua Ink Link".
(November 2023). "New Hampshire State Rail Plan".
Parsons Brinckerhoff Quade & Douglas. (April 2003). "Boston to Montreal High-Speed Rail Planning and Feasibility Study Phase I: Final Report". Vermont Agency of Transportation et al.
Karr, Ronald Dale. (2017). "The Rail Lines of Southern New England". Branch Line Press.
Held, Patrick R.. (2010). "Massachusetts Bay Colony Railroad Track Charts". Johns Hopkins Association for Computing Machinery.
{{NETransit
(February 1, 1981). "T changes start today". Boston Globe.

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