Litvin

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Slavic word for residents of Lithuania

title: "Litvin" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["demographic-history-of-lithuania", "ethnic-groups-in-ukraine", "slavic-ethnic-groups", "social-history-of-belarus", "social-history-of-ukraine"] description: "Slavic word for residents of Lithuania" topic_path: "history" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litvin" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Slavic word for residents of Lithuania ::

Litvin is a Slavic word for Lithuanians as well as all residents of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 13th–18th centuries in general, which began to be used no later than the 16th century mostly by the East Slavs. Currently, Litvin or its cognates are still used in some European languages for Lithuanians.

Meanings

Grand Duchy of Lithuania

In the 16–18th centuries, the term "Litvin" was mostly used by East Slavs to refer to all inhabitants of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Several authentic sources, surviving from the Middle Ages, with expressed opinion of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania themselves prove that the Lithuanians (founders, rulers of Lithuania from the Gediminids dynasty) were those who spoke Old Lithuanian and originated from the cultural regions of Aukštaitija and Žemaitija, while their Eastern neighbours were Rus' people (Ruthenians): ::quote[attribution="same inhabitants]]. Since the land of Samogitia is located lower than the [[Lithuania proper"] one language]] and the [[Lithuanians ::

::quote[attribution="Rus]] [ [[Ruthenians"] Rus']] [ Ruthenia ] and Lithuania as far as the King of Lithuania's authority seeks. (...) Next, if something is stolen from a German merchant in Lithuania or Rus', it must be put on trial where it happens; if it happens that a German steals from a [[Rus' people ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Tableau_Ethnographique_(Georg_Ferdinand_Robert_d'Erckert,_1863).jpg" caption="Aukštaitian]] Lithuanians (marked orange) are listed as Litvins."] ::

Ethnic group in Ukraine

Litvins are a small ethnic group in the area of the mid-stream Desna River (northern Ukraine). The ethnographic or cultural studies about Litvins are poorly noted and are traced to the beginning of the 18th century. The poet-monk who published several cultural studies noted that Litvins, perhaps after an older pagan tradition, worked on Sundays and rested on Fridays. More notes about Litvins were provided at the end of the 18th century by historians of the Russian Empire and .

The name Litvin (Litvyak) owes its origin to political factors and is a demonym (politonym) referencing the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Modern usage in Belarus

Main article: Litvinism

Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the term "Litvin" has been adopted by some Belarusian nationalists to claim the Grand Duchy of Lithuania as Belarusian. This is an alternative to the demonym "Belarusians" which is derived from White Rus' and, therefore, implies that it is somehow less than the Great Russia. During the 2009 census, 66 people identified themselves as Litvins in Belarus.

Modern usage in Poland

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Mapa_etnologiczna_ludów_Litwy_i_Rusi_przerobiona_z_Atlasu_Erkerta_(J._Talko-Hryncewicz,_1893).jpg" caption="Ethnographic Map of the Peoples of Lithuania and Rus by Polish ethnographer Julian Talko-Hryncewicz in 1893. Aukštaitian Lithuanians are listed as ''Proper Lithuanians'' (Litwinów właściwych)"] ::

The Poles still use the words Litwini and Litwa when referring to the Lithuanians and Lithuania respectively. While the Belarusians and Belarus are named as Białorusini and Białoruś respectively in Polish.

Modern usage in Ukraine

The Ukrainians nowadays refer to Lithuania as «Литва» (Lytva) in Ukrainian, which is its historic name from the Middle Ages, and to the Lithuanians as «литовці» (lytovtsi). The Grand Duchy of Lithuania is called Велике князівство Литовське (Velyke kniazivstvo Lytovske).

Notes

References

References

  1. "litván".
  2. "литвански".
  3. "Litwin".
  4. "litvanski".
  5. (2018-11-13). "Litvinai". Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos centras.
  6. [[:be-x-old:Вячаслаў Насевіч. Вячаслаў Насевіч]]. [http://vn.belinter.net/vkl/36.html Літвіны] {{webarchive. link. (2009-04-01 // Вялікае княства Літоўскае: Энцыклапедыя. У 2 т. / рэд. Г. П. Пашкоў і інш.Т. 2: Кадэцкі корпус — Яцкевіч. — Мінск: Беларуская Энцыклапедыя, 2005. С. 206—208.)
  7. "Vytauto laiškai [ Letters of Vytautas the Great ]". [[Vilnius University]], Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore.
  8. "Lietuvos etnografiniai regionai – ar pažįstate juos visus?".
  9. "Aukštaitija". Etninės kultūros globos taryba (Council for the Protection of Ethnic Culture).
  10. (2003). "Chartularium Lithuaniae res gestas magni ducis Gedeminne illustrans". {{ill.
  11. "Chartularium Lithuaniae res gestas magni ducis Gedeminne illustrans / tekstus, vertimus bei komentarus parengė S.C. Rowell. - 2003".
  12. (2018-11-13). "Litvinai". Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos centras.
  13. Horlenko, Volodymyr ''[http://www.haidamaka.org.ua/0168.html Litvins of the Ukraine North are possibly a fragment of legendary tribe of Siverians (Литвини півночі України - ймовірний уламок племені літописних Сіверян)]''. "Landmarks of Ukraine". 2001.
  14. Artifacts of Ukrainian-Ruthenian language and literature / Shevchenko Scientific Society Archaeographic Commission. - Lviv, 1912. - Vol.7. - p.72. (Пам'ятки українсько-руської мови і літератури / Видає археографічна комісія НТШ. - Львів, 1912. - Т.VII. - С.72. )
  15. Venckūnas, V.. (September 29, 2012). "Tomas Baranauskas: Litvinistams svarbiausia turėti gražią istoriją, kuri galėtų sutelkti tautą".
  16. Chodakiewicz, Marek Jan. (2012). "Intermarium: The Land Between the Black and Baltic Seas". Transaction Publishers.
  17. Bekus, Nelly. (2010). "Struggle Over Identity: The Official and the Alternative "Belarusianness"". Central European University Press.
  18. link. (8 December 2010). Census of the Republic of Belarus 2009. National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus
  19. "Litwini - Portal Gov.pl".
  20. "Litwa - Portal Gov.pl".
  21. "Białorusini - Portal Gov.pl".
  22. "Białoruś - Portal Gov.pl".
  23. "Lithuania". Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies.
  24. "Литовці зробили з України "чорного експортера" "Мерседесів"". [[State Fiscal Service (Ukraine).
  25. "Культура, освіта, здоров'я".
  26. "Grand Duchy of Lithuania".

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demographic-history-of-lithuaniaethnic-groups-in-ukraineslavic-ethnic-groupssocial-history-of-belarussocial-history-of-ukraine