Lewin Brzeski

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title: "Lewin Brzeski" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["cities-in-silesia", "cities-and-towns-in-opole-voivodeship", "brzeg-county", "populated-riverside-places-in-poland"] topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewin_Brzeski" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

Field	Value
name	Lewin Brzeski
image_flag	POL Lewin Brzeski flag.svg
image_shield	POL Lewin Brzeski COA.svg
image_skyline	SM Lewin ratusz (2 cropped).jpg
image_caption	Lewin Brzeski Town Hall
pushpin_map	Poland
subdivision_type	Country
subdivision_name
subdivision_type1	Voivodeship
subdivision_name1	Opole
subdivision_type2	County
subdivision_name2	Brzeg
subdivision_type3	Gmina
subdivision_name3	Lewin Brzeski
area_total_km2	10.35
population_as_of	2019-06-30
population_total	5736
population_density_km2	auto
coordinates
elevation_m	145
timezone	CET
utc_offset	+1
timezone_DST	CEST
utc_offset_DST	+2
postal_code_type	Postal code
postal_code	49–340
registration_plate	OB
website	http://lewin-brzeski.pl
::

History

Located along the medieval trade routes from Silesia to Hungary,

As early as the mid-13th century the city had received Magdeburg town rights, which granted the town a certain amount of autonomy. The town was built around a rectangular marketplace, and surrounded by a rampart with a palisade with a ditch below it that could, if necessary, through the opening of a lock could be filled with water from the Eastern Neisse. In addition, there were four city gates. In 1333 the town was granted new rights and privileges, such as the brewing of beer and the holding of Wednesday markets, by Duke Bolesław III the Generous. Lewin switched between the duchies of Legnica and Brzeg and remained under the rule of the Piast dynasty until 1675, although it fell under the suzerainty of the Bohemian (Czech) Crown in 1329, Hungary in 1469, and again Bohemia in 1490, then ruled by the Jagiellonian dynasty until 1526 and the House of Habsburg afterwards.

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Market_Square_in_Lewin_Brzeski_(3).jpg" caption="Historical architecture on the Market Square"] ::

The 16th century brought an economic boom to the city. Since 1592 yearly fairs were organized with the permission of the duke of Brzeg. After the Reformation the town became mainly Protestant, and the Catholic parish was disbanded. During the Thirty Years' War the town was looted, burned, and struck by the plague. After the dissolution of the Duchy of Legnica in 1675, it was incorporated into the Habsburg monarchy.

In 1742, under the Germanized name Löwen, it became part of Prussia, by then a town of almost 700 people. Several town fires burned the city, the most devastating in 1829, which destroyed the wooden buildings completely and ushered in a fundamental reconstruction of the city. The city was rebuilt with stone buildings, such as the neoclassical Town Hall built in 1837 at the Market Square. In 1846 Löwen was attached to the Upper Silesian Railway, which brought a revival of the industry to the city. In 1866 a metal factory was founded, which produced at first agricultural equipment, then screws, and, much later, finally tape recorders. Other industries included a brick factory, a roof and floor tile factory and a mill. In 1866 the Catholic parish was re-established, though the St. Mary's Church was not built until the early 20th century. Administratively, Löwen was located in Landkreis Brieg, and the seat of its own local court. The old, dilapidated bridge over the Neisse was replaced in 1913 by a new steel bridge.

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Mogiły_Żolnirzy_Wojska_polskiego.JPG" caption="Graves of Polish soldiers killed during demining of the town in 1945"] ::

During World War II the Germans brought hundreds of forced labourers to the town, mostly Poles, but also Russians, Ukrainians, the French, Jews and Serbs, both civilians and prisoners of war. In the final stages of World War II, in January 1945, the Germans evacuated most of the population, leaving only the elderly in the town, and recruited many inhabitants into the Volkssturm. On 4 February 1945 the town was overtaken by the Red Army, which plundered it afterwards.

Following the flight and expulsion of Germans during and after World War II, the town was transferred to Polish control and its historic name Lewin was restored, with the adjective Brzeski added after the nearby city of Brzeg. It was repopulated by Poles expelled from former eastern Poland annexed by the Soviet Union, in particular from pre-war southeastern Polish regions of Stanisławów and Lwów. Its co-founder, Mieczysław Józefczyk, was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta, one of the highest Polish decorations, in 2017.

A monument of Pope John Paul II was unveiled in Lewin Brzeski in 2014.

Lewin Brzeski was one of the most affected towns during the 2024 Central European floods, with 90% of the town's area flooded.

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of Lewin was adopted on 18 June 1998 and was based on a seal from the year 1333. It shows a golden lion bordered by three hills on a blue background. The lion recalls the old German name Löwen, which means "lions".

Demography

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/SM_Lewin-Pałac_ID_609996.jpg" caption="Baroque]] Leopold's Palace, today a school"] ::

|source=}} ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/SM_Lewin_Brzeski_Kościół_Wniebowzięcia_NMP_(4).jpg" caption="Church of the Assumption"] ::

Population pyramid of the (female to male) population of Lewin Brzeski in 2014:. ::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Piramida_wieku_Lewin_Brzeski.png"] ::

Economy

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Lewin_Brzeski_city_budget_income_sources_2015.png" caption="Lewin Brzeski city budget income sources as of 2015."] ::

Lewin Brzeski's economy is in large dependent on the local agricultural sector. The largest industry in the locality is the sugar mill "Wróblin". Surrounding the town there are five former gravel pits, now infilled by water, are a popular attraction for locals and people in the region alike. The town and its vicinity is home to numerous tourist attractions.

Transport

Lewin Brzeski is located on the Voivodeship Road [[File:DW458-PL.svg|30px]] (northbound to Skorogoszcz and the National Road [[File:DK94-PL.svg|30px]]; southbound towards Przylesie, where the road joins the Voivodeship Road [[File:DW401-PL.svg|30px]], northbound towards Brzeg and southbound towards the [[File:A4-PL.svg|30px]] A4 Motorway then on). The interchange to the [[File:A4-PL.svg|30px|A4 autostrada (Poland)]] Motorway (Węzeł Przylesie) is located 20 km west of Lewin Brzeski.

Lewin Brzeski lies on the main railway artery between Wrocław and Katowice/Lubliniec, with the town being served by Lewin Brzeski railway station.

Climate

|source 1= meteoblue.com

Notable people

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Church_of_the_Assumption_in_Lewin_Brzeski_(AK_plaque).jpg" caption="Memorial plaque to Polish officers Alojzy Józekowski and Kazimierz Niepla and other heroes of Polish independence struggles of 1939–1956"] ::

Carl von Plotho (1780–1820), Prussian Lieutenant colonel and military historian.
Gustav Hellmann (1854–1939), German meteorologist.
(1920–2014), Polish Lieutenant colonel, participant in the 1939 defensive war
(1922–1968), Polish military officer, member of the Home Army and cichociemni
(born 1947), former Polish footballer

Twin towns – sister cities

See twin towns of Gmina Lewin Brzeski.

References

(2019-10-15). "Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June". Statistics Poland.
Adamy, Heinrich. (1888). "Die Schlesischen Ortsnamen, ihre Entstehung und Bedeutung. Ein Bild aus der Vorzeit".
"Lewin Brzeski".
"Nie było słodko".
Tomasz Greniuch. ""Śmierć najeźdźcy komunistycznemu i wszystkim komunistom" Podziemny Orzeł Wolności".
"Krzyż Kawaleryjski dla Mieczysława Józefczyka".
(18 September 2024). "Wielka ewakuacja Lewina Brzeskiego. "90 proc. miasta pod wodą"".
. (1967). "Dokumentacja Geograficzna". *Instytut Geografii [[Polish Academy of Sciences*.
. (2011). ["Stan i struktura ludności oraz ruch naturalny w przekroju terytorialnym w 2010 r."](https://stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/PUBL_l_ludnosc_stan_struktura_31_12_2010.pdf). *Główny Urząd Statystyczny*.
[http://www.polskawliczbach.pl/Lewin_Brzeski#dane-demograficzne http://www.polskawliczbach.pl/Lewin_Brzeski], based on data from Statistics Poland.
"Cukrownia w Lewinie Brzeskim będzie zamknięta".
"Cukrownia "Wróblin"".
"Kolejne opóźnienia na budowie autostrady A4 na Podkarpaciu".
"Klimat Lewin Brzeski".

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::