Laurus
Genus of flowering plants in the laurel family Lauraceae
title: "Laurus" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["lauraceae-genera", "botanical-taxa-named-by-carl-linnaeus", "dioecious-plants", "lauraceae"] description: "Genus of flowering plants in the laurel family Lauraceae" topic_path: "general/lauraceae-genera" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurus" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::summary Genus of flowering plants in the laurel family Lauraceae ::
::callout[type=note] the genus of evergreen trees ::
|image = Laurus novocanariensis (Garafía) 01 ies.jpg |image_caption = Laurus novocanariensis |taxon = Laurus |authority = L. (1753) |subdivision_ranks = Species |subdivision =
- Laurus azorica (Seub.) Franco
- Laurus nobilis L.
- Laurus novocanariensis Rivas Mart., Lousã, Fern.Prieto, E.Días, J.C.Costa & C.Aguiar |synonyms =
- Adaphus Neck. (1790), opus utique oppr.
- Appella Adans. (1763) |synonyms_ref =
Laurus () is a genus of evergreen trees or shrubs belonging to the laurel family. The genus contains three or more species, including the bay laurel or sweet bay, L. nobilis, widely cultivated as an ornamental plant and a culinary herb.
Description
They are slow-growing, large, evergreen aromatic shrubs or trees with alternate, ovate leaves and insignificant yellow male and female flowers borne on separate plants (dioecious). They are frost-hardy but in temperate zones they require a sheltered spot in full sun that is not subject to prolonged freezing. Plants in pots can be moved into a cold greenhouse during the winter months.
Species
The number of species in the genus has not yet been fully resolved. Three species are currently accepted:
- Laurus azorica, (Seub.) Franco – Azores laurel. Native to the Azores.
- Laurus nobilis L. – bay laurel, true laurel, or sweet bay. Native to the Mediterranean region. Used as an ornamental plant and culinary herb (one type of bay leaf) used in Mediterranean style dishes. It was also the original source of the laurel wreath of ancient Greece.
- Laurus novocanariensis Rivas Mart., Lousã, Fern.Prieto, E.Días, J.C.Costa & C.Aguiar – native to Madeira and the Canary Islands. Formerly included in L. azorica.
Fossil history
::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Fanal_Madeira_2016_2.jpg" caption="Very old laurel trees on Madeira island"] ::
Fossils dating from before the Pleistocene glaciations show that laurel forests containing species of Laurus were formerly distributed more widely around the Mediterranean and North Africa, when the climate was more humid and mild than at present.{{cite journal |title=Development and regional differentiation of the European vegetation during the Tertiary |journal= Plant Systematics and Evolution |last=Mai |first=Dieter H. |date=March 1989 |volume=162 |pages=79-91 |doi=10.1007/BF00936911 |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00936911 |s2cid=25109937 |url-access=subscription |title=A reconstruction of Palaeo-Macaronesia, with particular reference to the long-term biogeography of the Atlantic island laurel forests |journal=Journal of Biogeography |last1=Fernández-Palacios |first1=José María |last2=de Nascimento |first2=Lea |last3=Otto |first3=Rüdiger |last4=Delgado |first4=Juan D. |last5=García-del-Rey |first5=Eduardo |last6=Arévalo |first6=José Ramón |last7=Whittaker |first7=Robert J. |date=February 2011 |volume=38 |issue=2 |page=226-246 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02427.x |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02427.x |issn=1365-2699 |s2cid=86477003 |url-access=subscription |title=Reconstructing the demise of Tethyan plants: climate-driven range dynamics of Laurus since the Pliocene |journal=Global Ecology and Biogeography |last1=Rodríguez-Sánchez |first1=Francisco |last2=Arroyo |first2=Juan |date=November 2008 |volume=17 |issue=6 |pages=685-695 |doi=10.1111/j.1466-8238.2008.00410.x |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2008.00410.x |s2cid=86508226 |title=Late Neogene history of the laurel tree (Laurus L., Lauraceae) based on phylogeographical analyses of Mediterranean and Macaronesian populations |journal=Journal of Biogeography |last1=Rodríguez-Sánchez |first1=Francisco |last2=Guzmán |first2=Beatriz |last3=Valido |first3=Alfredo |last4=Vargas |first4=Pablo |last5=Arroyo |first5=Juan |date=July 2009 |pages=1270-1281 |volume=36 |issue=7 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02091.x |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02091.x |issn=1365-2699 |s2cid=45076431 |hdl=10261/65203 |hdl-access=free
References
References
- https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328263-2 ''Laurus'' L.] ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
- {{Cite Merriam-Webster. Laurus
- "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species".
- (2008). "The Royal Horticultural Society A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants". Dorling Kindersley.
::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::