Lai (state)
title: "Lai (state)" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["ancient-chinese-states", "states-of-the-spring-and-autumn-period", "history-of-shandong", "zhou-dynasty"] topic_path: "history" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lai_(state)" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0
::data[format=table title="Infobox country"]
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| native_name | |
| conventional_long_name | Lai |
| common_name | Lai |
| government_type | Monarchy |
| year_start | ? |
| year_end | 567 BC |
| s1 | Qi (state) |
| event_end | Conquered by Qi |
| image_map | States of Zhou Dynasty.png |
| image_map_caption | Lai is on the tip of the Shandong Peninsula bordering Qi |
| capital | Changle (昌樂) |
| Linqu (臨朐) | |
| Ni (郳) | |
| common_languages | Old Chinese |
| leader1 | Duke Gong of Lai |
| year_leader1 | ?–567 BCE |
| year_leader2 | – |
| title_leader | Duke of Lai |
| :: |
|native_name = |conventional_long_name = Lai |common_name = Lai |national_motto = |era = |status = |government_type = Monarchy |year_start = ? |year_end = 567 BC |p1 = |s1 = Qi (state) |s2 = |s3 = |event_start = |event_end = Conquered by Qi |event1 = |date_event1 = |image_map =States of Zhou Dynasty.png |image_map_caption = Lai is on the tip of the Shandong Peninsula bordering Qi |capital = Changle (昌樂) Linqu (臨朐) Ni (郳) |common_languages = Old Chinese |religion = |Philosophy = |currency = |leader1 = Duke Gong of Lai |leader2 = |year_leader1 = ?–567 BCE |year_leader2 = – |title_leader = Duke of Lai Lai (), also known as Laiyi (), was an ancient Dongyi state located in what is now eastern Shandong Province, recorded in the Book of Xia. Tang Shanchun () believes lái means "mountain" in the Old Yue language, while the Yue Jue Shu (越絕書) says lai means "wilderness".
History
Lai (莱) was a traditional enemy of the State of Qi to its west. As soon as Jiang Ziya, the first ruler of Qi, was enfeoffed at Qi, the state of Lai attacked its capital at Yingqiu. In 567 BC, Lai attacked Qi but was decisively defeated by Duke Ling of Qi, and its last ruler Furou, Duke Gong of Lai, was killed. Lai was a large state, and Qi more than doubled in size after annexing Lai. The people (Dongyi) were moved to Laiwu, where Mencius later called them the Qídōng yěrén (齊), the "savages of eastern Qi".
Rulers of Lai
- Furou (), Duke Gong of Lai (萊共公) ?–567 BC
References
References
- link. (2010-10-11)
- "百越地名及其文化蕴意".
- Milburn, Olivia (translator) (2010). ''The Glory of Yue: An Annotated Translation of the Yuejue shu''. Series: Sinica Leidensia, Volume: 93. Leiden & Boston: Brill. p. 138-139. Quote : "March on ''lai'' [萊]; ''lai'' means uncultivated land." [https://ctext.org/dictionary.pl?if=gb&id=49270 Chinese original] "宿之於萊。萊，野也。"
- (2010). "Shiji ''(史记)''". Zhonghua Book Company.
- [[Zuo Qiuming]] (translated by [[James Legge]]). "Book IX. Duke Xiang". University of Virginia.
- "东莱古国与西周王朝之关系——从黄、渭两河流域出土的有铭青铜器谈起".
- link. (2011-07-07)
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